Slavery countries in ancient West Asia. It is named after its god, capital and religious holy city, ashur. The territory of the New Assyrian period is located in the middle reaches of the Tigris River, starting from Uratu in the north, extending to Elam in the southeast, to the Mediterranean coast in the west, and to the northern border of Egypt in the southwest. The territory is developed in agriculture and rich in various metals, and its strategic position is on the main trade routes of ancient West Asian countries, which is of great significance to the subsequent development into a slave empire across Asia and Africa.

The ancient Assyrian period (about 2500 ~ 1500 BC) is also called ashur city-state period. The residents of ashur city-state were originally Hulites of Indo-European language family, and later Akkadians of Sem language family entered here, and they gradually merged with the original residents to form Assyrians. Its language is Assyrian dialect of Akkadian, and its characters are cuneiform. Assyria was ruled by Akkadian kingdom and the third Ur dynasty (see Ur) when it was powerful. Independence was achieved in 2006 BC. The highest institution of ancient Assyria was the meeting of aristocratic elders in ashur city-states. Civil servants have an annual official in Limu (that is, the year in which they served in their own name), who is responsible for managing the financial economy and is elected by lot. Land is owned by the commune, regularly allocated to large families, and rarely bought or sold. With fewer slaves, the main workers in society are freemen who undertake commune obligations. Intermediary trade is of great significance, and some nobles and businessmen get rich by engaging in business and usury activities. About 2000 BC ~ BC 1000 BC, slave real estate gradually formed. Foreign aggression strengthened Ishaku's position. At the beginning of the 7th century BC/KLOC-0, Shamshi-Adade I occupied a vast area from northern Akkad to the Mediterranean, claiming to be the king of the world. After his death, Assyria became a vassal of Babylonia and Mitanni.

In the middle of Assyria (about 1400 ~ 1078) and in the middle of BC14th century, King Barit I of Assyria (about 1365 ~ 1330) defeated Mitanni and established a powerful Assyrian empire, which was called the ancient Assyrian empire. Since then, the Assyrian ruler has adopted the title of King of Assyria, and has continued to expand outward, defeating Cassit Babylon and reducing the territory of Mitanni to a province. Ninurta I (BC 1294 ~ BC 1208) defeated the Hittite Empire and Babylon, occupied the whole two river basins, and moved the capital from ashur to the town of Tukurti-Ninurta. Since then, there have been several capitals in Assyria, but ashur is still the religious center of the empire and plays an important role in political life. During the Middle Assyrian period, the political system has been transformed into an absolute monarchy, centralization has been strengthened, and the meeting of senior officials and elders is only formal, and officials who belong to the king have been produced. The national standing army has always existed, and its source is mainly freemen. The ruling class of society is the class of big landlords, businessmen, usurers and big slave owners. In addition to prisoners of war and slaves bought from other places, the slave class also has debt slaves. After a short decline, Assyria was revived by Tigray Paradza I (about115 ~ about 1077 BC). At the end of 1 1 BC, it declined again under the impact of the alami migration wave.

The new Assyrian period (935 ~ 6 BC12) was a new Assyrian empire. In 10 century BC, Assyria entered the Iron Age. The use of iron and the improvement of productivity provided sufficient troops and materials for its long-term foreign war. At the beginning of the campaign, it was aimed at plunder and characterized by extreme cruelty. Since Assyria Nasiba II (reigned from 883 to 859), Assyria has been strongly resisted by the people in the conquered areas. The war with the kingdom of Uraltu also suffered repeated failures, and many conquered areas regained their independence. Since Sharma Nasser III (858-824), Assyria has entered a crisis period due to economic decline, failure of foreign wars and infighting of the ruling class. In 746 BC, the military general Tigra Palaza ascended the throne and carried out a series of reforms to consolidate centralization, improve the combat effectiveness of the army and strengthen the rule and exploitation of the conquered areas. After the reform, large-scale expansion resumed. Defeat Uratu, occupy Syria and enter its heyday. From the central government to the local government, a huge bureaucratic system has been established. After the conquest of Sargon II, Sinatra cribb (704 ~ 68 1) and Isaac Hatton (680 ~ 669), Assyria has become a slave empire spanning Asia and Africa. Ashabani fought a long war with the Elam-Babylonian Alliance. At the end of its reign, there was a civil war, nomadic tribes invaded, conquered areas became independent one after another, and the empire quickly went to extinction. Under the attack of Medea and the new kingdom of Babylon, ashur and Nineveh successively fell, and the Assyrian Empire perished in 6 12 BC, and its land was divided between Medea and Babylon.

Assyrian culture has absorbed the advantages of West Asian countries (mainly Babylon) and has its own characteristics. Grand Assyrian palaces, temples and other buildings were found in Nimrud, Nineveh and Szabad Hall. The building is decorated with a large number of reliefs and has a high artistic level. The Nineveh King's Library built by Asubani contains a large number of clay tablets, including religious myths, works of art, astronomy, medicine and so on. , is an important material for studying the history of Assyria. The entries were created by Liu Hongping.