The birthplace of Shang culture is in Shangqiu, which originated in the Huanghuai Plain centered on Shangqiu. Guo Moruo said in China Historical Manuscripts that "Shang Dynasty developed here in Shangqiu County, Henan Province". Mr. Fu Zhenlun, a famous historian in modern China, wrote in Preface to Shangqiu County Records: "Returning to Germany, Shangqiu is an ancient capital. Di Ku, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, replaced Levin and shined in Gaoxin. Qi assisted Yu to control water in Shangqiu (now the south of Shangqiu), and Yao sealed it in Shangqiu (that is, Qi) as a fire place. Thirteen spread to the Tang Dynasty, and the Xia Dynasty was called Shang Dynasty. Qi Zhi moved the capital to Tangba. Wei Xiao lives in Shangqiu, Xiangtu. Zhen moved to Yin, and Bao Ding (or Bao Binghe) returned to Shangqiu. Don began to live in CSG, and later he lived in CSG. Bo (now southeast of Shangqiu) is also Shangqiu. " This is the clearest summary of the origin of Shang nationality.
Confirmed by archaeological excavations. The ancient cultural sites in Shangqiu, such as the Legislative Platform and Wangyoufang Site in yongcheng city, Yingkuo Site and Weibudui Site in Yucheng County, Banta and Guzikeng Site in Suiyang District (formerly Shangqiu County), Shantai Temple Site in Zhecheng County and Zhoulonggang Site in Suixian County, all belong to Longshan culture. It proves the existence of Shangqiu culture in the era of the Five Emperors. Gaoxin Town, Suiyang District, with the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and Di Ku Temple in the north. After Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, he built a monument for him, which proved to be the real emperor's mausoleum. In contrast, Di Ku among the Five Emperors is well-founded in Shangqiu. What is more convincing is the discovery of the capital of the ancient Song Dynasty. 1994, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences cooperated with the Peabody Museum of Harvard University to form a joint archaeological team between China and the United States, and discovered the ancient capital of the Song Dynasty with an area of about 10.2 square kilometers in today's Suiyang ancient city. Pottery fragments and other relics found in rammed earth in this city are not later than the Spring and Autumn Period. This discovery, combined with the literature records of "Cabbage was named in Song Dynasty", "worshiping him first" and "inheriting Yin later", shows that Shangqiu is the origin of Shang clan.
"The Book of Songs and National Style": "The life of the mysterious bird was born in the business and the house was vast." Chu Ci Tian Wen: "What did Zhu Di say in Taiwan Province, and what did the mysterious bird say to my daughter?" People think that Shang people are descendants of mysterious birds. The word "sea" by Wang Hai, the ancestor of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Middle and Shang Dynasties, was also derived from birds. This fully shows that businessmen regard mysterious birds as their totems. Different branches of Dongyi people worship different birds. Wang Guowei, a modern scholar devoted to the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, believes that the bird totem of businessmen is related to the bird totem of Dongyi, so he thinks that businessmen originated in the East. His view has had a far-reaching impact in academic circles. Shangqiu is undoubtedly the root of business culture.
The origin of Shang culture involves the Yanhuang culture in the Five Emperors era. Historical Records, headed by the twenty-fifth history of China, began with the biographies of the five emperors, so it is customary to take this as the beginning of the history of Chinese civilization. There are different opinions about the Five Emperors. The Chronicle of the Five Emperors selected Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun as the five emperors. Later, people gradually chose a statue and accepted this historical system.
A large number of historical documents, relics left on the ground and archaeological excavations prove that the Huang-Huai Plain, where Shang people lived, was one of the earliest developed areas in the history of China, which had the deepest influence on the development of Chinese culture. Longshan culture created by the five emperors laid a rich foundation for Shang culture.