I. Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644) was a unified dynasty established by the Han nationality, which was passed down to sixteen emperors and enjoyed the country for 276 years.
The Red Scarf Uprising broke out at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang joined the Guo Zixing team. 1364 was called the King of Wu, and in history it was called Xiwu. 1368 proclaimed himself emperor at the beginning of the year, taking Daming as the country name and Yingtianfu as the capital. 1420, Judy moved the capital to Shuntianfu, with Yingtianfu as its capital.
In the early Ming Dynasty, after the rule of Hongwu, Yongle and Ren Xuan, the politics was clear and the national strength was strong. In the middle period, the country turned from prosperity to decline, and was later revived by Hongzhi Zhongxing, Jiajing Zhongxing and Wanli Zhongxing. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, due to the party struggle and natural disasters in Lindong, the national strength declined and the peasant uprising broke out.
1644 Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself, and the Ming Dynasty perished. The Ming imperial clan established Nanming in Jiangnan, and then the Qing Dynasty defeated the regimes of Dashun, Daxi, Nanming Hong Guang, Longwu and Shaowu. 1662, Li Yong was killed and Nanming was destroyed. 1683, Taiwan Province province was captured by the Qing army, and Zheng Ming, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, fell.
Second, the emperor
1, Zhu Yuanzhang
Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, born in Fengyang, Anhui Province, founded the Ming Dynasty in 1368, and made Nanjing its capital. He died in 1398 at the age of 7 1.
Zhu Yuanzhang is one of the most outstanding monarchs in the history of China. He worked hard in politics all his life and made many achievements, especially created a large number of systems and regulations, which not only laid the foundation of the Ming Dynasty for nearly 300 years, but also contributed to the social stability and economic prosperity in the early Ming Dynasty and influenced the Qing Dynasty. From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the centralized political rule and the unified administrative system of multi-ethnic countries gradually improved. ?
Zhu Yuanzhang's most important achievement was to expel Land Rover, eliminate riots, save the Han nationality, pacify the world, abolish the racial hierarchy and oppression policy formulated by the Mongols, restore China and lead the Chinese rejuvenation.
Natural and man-made disasters left the village, hungry and cold, until Nanjing became king. He and his civilian military commanders took this road, not only for the benefit of individuals and a certain class, just like his self-report-I am wearing a cloth, and the world is nothing to me.
Zhu Yuanzhang is far-sighted, far-sighted, good at controlling wars and taking the initiative. Pay attention to recruiting talents, learn from others, strictly manage the army, improve the military system, train and educate generals, and emphasize that generals should be knowledgeable, resourceful, benevolent and brave. It is advocated that soldiers should be involved in agriculture and plow fields to fight in order to maintain a strong armed force.
2. Zhu Yunwen
Hui Di, the great-grandson, the second son of Crown Prince Zhu Biao, and Zhu Yuanzhang were sealed to the royal family when he was alive. More than 20 sons were sealed and stationed in various places. After Hui Di ascended the throne, in order to unify the military and political affairs, he cut off the governors and angered the kings. Judy, the prince of Yan, invaded Nanking in 1402. Hui Di said that he was burned to death and escaped.
3. Judy
Judy, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, overthrew Ming Huidi in 1420 and moved the capital to Beijing in142/0/and ordered the compilation of Yongle Dadian? . 1424 died at the age of 65.
4. Zhu Gaochi
Renzong, the eldest son of Ming Taizu Chengzu, was politically sober and took some measures to ease social contradictions. /kloc-0 reigned in/and/kloc-0 died in/425 at the age of 48.
5. Zhu Zhanji
Like his father, Xuanzong, the eldest son of Injong, listened to the opinions of his deputies better and called Injong "the rule of Ren Xuan". During the reign of Xuanzong, the relationship between monarch and minister was harmonious and the economy developed steadily. Xuanzong died in 1435 at the age of 38.
6. Zhu Qizhen
Emperor Yingzong, the eldest son of Xuanzong, was only 9 years old when he acceded to the throne, and was monopolized by eunuch Wang Zhen. 1449, Wala invaded the south on a large scale, and Wang Zhenxi was personally recruited by Yingzong. Yingzong was captured, known as the "rebellion" in history, and was put back in 1450. It was not until 1457 that he ascended the throne again. He died in 1464 at the age of 38.
7. Zhu Qiyu
Yingzong, the second son of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was captured and made emperor. After he ascended the throne, he was used to demote himself as the minister of war, which shattered Valla's attack on Beijing and forced Valla to return to Yingzong. After Yingzong was put back, Jingdi put him under house arrest until 1457, when Jingdi was critically ill and Yingzong was made emperor again. Jingdi died in 1457, aged 30.
8. Zhu Jianshen
Xianzong, the eldest son of Yingzong, was good at magic and indulged in womanhood, causing eunuchs to "rape and bully the state affairs." 1487, Xianzong died at the age of 4 1.
9. Zhu Youtang
Filial piety, the third son of Xianzong. Filial piety's "continuing the regular administration and opening its mouth wide" has changed the situation of treacherous court officials in power since the British Zong Dynasty. Known as the "Lord of ZTE". He died on 1505 at the age of 36.
Zhu Houzhao 10
Wu Zong, the eldest son of Xiao Zong. He was a famous absurd emperor in the Ming Dynasty, and he was lewd. He died in 152 1 at the age of 3 1.
Zhu Houzong 1 1
Sejong, xian Zongsun, father xing. Sejong did a lot in the early stage, killing eunuchs and sparing the people, but in the later stage, he was dissolute and politically corrupt, and peasant uprisings broke out many times. Sejong died of taking Dan medicine poisoning at the age of 60.
Zhu Zaihou 12
Mu Zong, the third son of Sejong. He reigned for 7 years and died in 1572 at the age of 36.
Zhu Yijun 13
Zongshen, the third son of Mu Zong. When he acceded to the throne, he was only 10 years old, and Empress Chen and Li Guifei presided over the state affairs. After Zongshen was in power, he lived in seclusion, indulged in pleasure and became politically corrupt. When Zongshen was in power, Nurhachi in the north established the post-Jin Dynasty to spy on the Central Plains. Zongshen died on 1620 at the age of 58.
Zhu Changluo 14
Guangzong, the eldest son of Zongshen. He is a greedy and lecherous emperor. On the day of his accession to the throne, he fell ill because of excessive greed, and later died of excessive use of cinnabar. At the age of 39.
Zhu Youxiao 15
Xizong. Guangzong eldest son? Political corruption led to the appointment of eunuch Wei Zhongxian when he was in office, which led to the capture of Shenyang by Houjin. Xizong died in 1627 at the age of 23.
Zhu Youjian 16
The fifth son of Guangzong has four cases. After acceded to the throne, so Wei Zhongxian, very diligent, struggling to cheer up, but it is difficult to reverse, peasant uprisings broke out everywhere, and Huang Taiji in the north constantly harassed and violated, and he was suspicious and headstrong in Chongzhen. Finally, 1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Jingshan. At the age of 35. Before he died, he wrote a big book on his blue robe, "Don't hurt anyone."
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ming Dynasty