Sima Qian VS Sima Guang Sima Qian and Sima Guang are both authors of history, one is the author of Historical Records, and the other is the author of Zi Tongzhi Jian. It is easy to think that they belong to the same family or have some kind of inheritance relationship. In fact, the two are not related and irrelevant.
Sima Qian was a historian in the mid-Western Han Dynasty. His Historical Records is regarded as the first of the twenty-four histories and a model of China's history books.
Sima Qian's official position is not high, and he is an official who records history. This job is not easy to do. Historians' duty is to record history truthfully, but if it is too true, it will inevitably lead to the dissatisfaction of the current emperor.
Sima Qian recorded some real things about Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, which made Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty have an opinion of him. But Sima Qian is an honest and frank person, so he is in trouble.
Li Ling, a famous soldier in Han Dynasty, was defeated and surrendered to Xiongnu. Courtiers condemned Li Ling in succession. Only Sima Qian defended Li Ling, saying that he was framed for surrender and wanted to find an opportunity to repay the Han Dynasty. Later, a series of misunderstandings led to Li Ling's surrender, so Sima Qian was convicted of false negligence, that is, deceiving the emperor.
The crime of false accusation and framing should be punished according to law. However, at that time, there were two options for prisoners sentenced to death in the Han Dynasty. One is to take out 502 thousand silver to live, and the other is to change the capital crime into castration.
Sima Qian has no money. At that time, historical records had been written. For the sake of his dream and his father's legacy, Sima Qian chose the punishment that made men's lives worse than death. He put up with humiliation and completed this masterpiece in 14 years.
Sima Guang was an official in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his highest position was Prime Minister. He should be famous for the incident of smashing the cylinder when he was a child.
Sima Guang's greatest achievement is that he presided over the compilation of "Learning from the Same Resources", which, together with "Historical Records", is called the double wall of historiography and has a high position in the history of historiography. The book has 294 volumes and 3 million words, which lasted 19 years.
Of course, Sima Guang was assisted by an assistant. From this perspective, Sima Qian's independent writing is even more valuable.
Guo Ziyi and Guo Zixing are both military generals with similar names, but their abilities are quite different.
Guo Ziyi, a famous ZTE star in the Tang Dynasty, was the main contributor to quelling the Anshi Rebellion, and was highly praised for his ability to rebuild the country.
Guo Zixing was the leader of the Rebel Army in the late Yuan Dynasty. He is average in ability, narrow-minded and has not achieved much. The reason why he went down in history is that he promoted Zhu Yuanzhang, his father-in-law, which played a vital role in the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in the future.
Zheng He VS Zheng Chenggong The names of Zheng He and Zheng Chenggong are not very similar, but there are still many people who confuse them, perhaps because they are both from the Ming Dynasty, or they are all related to the sea.
Zheng He was a eunuch in the early Ming Dynasty, whose real name was Ma. Because he was young, he often learned some literary skills and martial arts, and made meritorious deeds in the "Jingnan War", which won Judy's trust.
Later, Judy sent Zheng He to the Western Ocean six times, which was a great feat in the history of world navigation, equivalent to the astronauts landing in space today. It is said that Judy's voyage was to show the world the military strength of the Ming Dynasty, and another reason was to look for Wen Jian. No matter what his purpose is, Zheng He, as a great navigator and diplomat, has gone down in history forever.
Zheng Chenggong lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. He devoted his life to fighting against the Qing Dynasty and restoring sight. He is a famous national hero, and his mother is Japanese.
Zheng Chenggong resolutely refused to surrender to the Qing Dynasty. Even if his father surrendered, he refused resolutely and vowed to fight the Qing army to the end. Finally, his father was killed by the Qing Dynasty, which failed to shake his patriotism.
Zheng Chenggong's other great achievement was to drive the Dutch colonists out of Taiwan Province Province and let Taiwan Province Province, a treasure island occupied for more than 30 years, return to the embrace of the motherland.