Ximen Bao
Wei ren in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, Yedi was an important gateway and strategic location of Weidu, but natural and man-made disasters continued, and the people were in dire straits. Wang Wei appointed Ximen Bao as the magistrate of Ye County to manage Ye Di. When Ximen Bao arrived in the wilderness, he made a private visit anonymously to inquire about the sufferings of the people. He used the "Hebo Marrying a Wife" incident to punish people, courtiers and witches wisely, educate people with facts and get rid of superstitions. At the same time, 12 canals of Zhanghe River were built to control the flood in Zhanghe River and develop agricultural production, so that the people of Yedi gradually became rich. Ximen Bao was an official all his life, honest and clean, and benefited the people. After his death, Yedi people specially built an ancestral temple for him by the Zhangshui River to worship the four seasons. ?
Zhao Guanghan
Zhao Guanghan
Chef Hippo was born in Wuli County, Zhuo Jun during the Western Han Dynasty. He used to be the magistrate of Yingchuan county, such as Shou Jing and Jing Jing. Zhao Guanghan's reign as satrap in Yingchuan County was the best stage in his early days. He is not afraid of power, smart and capable. In his first few months in office, he did two major things: one was to crack down on the powerful family forces and ease social contradictions; The second is to strengthen local management and change local bad atmosphere. His reputation spread from this, and it is his nature to be good at handling government affairs in this Hanshu. When Zhao Guanghan served as Zhao Yin in Beijing, he showed a high sense of responsibility and often stayed up late to handle various official duties. And good at thinking, pay attention to efficiency. During its governance, the politics of Jingzhao area was clear and clear, which was praised by both officials and people. However, Jing's duty is to manage the capital, because under the emperor's feet, it is easy to offend royalty and dignitaries in daily handling of government affairs. Therefore, although Zhao Guanghan was a leader among city managers, he was finally beheaded. During his tenure in Beijing, Zhao Guanghan was honest and won the praise of the people. ?
Ba Huang
Ba Huang
(? -5 1 BC), male, born in Yangxia, Huaiyang, Western Han Dynasty (now Taikang, Henan Province). Historian Ban Gu commented: "Since the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the number of officials governing the people has been the first." When Ba Huang was still young, he made up his mind to be a good official. Because there was no imperial examination system in the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty issued imperial edicts to alleviate financial difficulties, and all those who contributed property to the country were given to officials. Ba Huang traded food for a history of death. After entering politics, abide by the law and honesty; Observing people's feelings, it is important to persuade farmers to mulberry. In particular, Ba Huang ruled the case, advocated benevolent governance and opposed torture; Insist on handling suspicious cases lightly; It advocates leniency from the outside, education first, and prevention before it happens. Therefore, Ba Huang is an official who is supported by the people, satisfied by the court and convinced by his subordinates. As a result, Ba Huang rose from a small history of paying 200 stones a year to the prime minister of the imperial court. One of the most outstanding achievements was serving as a satrap in Yingchuan County, a big county at that time. Previously, Yingchuan County was a place where powerful landlords unified one side and the people were displaced. After he took office, he took drastic measures, bite the hand that feeds him, resettle refugees, attach importance to farming and mulberry, and educate them. After several years of careful management, Yingchuan has a peaceful scene of peace and stability, clear management and production development. Therefore, the emperor wrote a letter praising Ba Huang as a good official.
Xu Yougong
Xu Yougong
(? -702), whose real name is Xu, was born in Chang 'an, Tang Dynasty, and was the most famous official in the Tang Dynasty who specialized in handling cases. In ancient times, most official positions were mixed with administration and justice, and only the imperial court had special judges, but their position in the bureaucratic system was extremely low, so it was difficult to make a difference. Although Xu Yougong served as a full-time trial judge for a long time, he went down in history because he dared to strictly abide by the law and hit his face, rehabilitated hundreds of unjust cases and saved more than 10,000 lives. Xu Yougong has served as a judicial officer in Zhou Pu, a criminal officer in Dali Temple, a foreign minister in Qiu Guan and a criminal officer in Shao Qing. When Xu Yougong was an official, it was the Wu and Zhou Dynasties. At that time, there was an insurrection by marquis Wu and a trap set by cruel officials, so it was not easy to enforce the law correctly. Because Xu Yougong handled six or seven hundred major cases before and after, he saved tens of thousands of lives, inevitably offended cruel officials and treacherous court officials, and was frequently impeached and tried. However, in the end, he was charged with the death penalty three times, pardoned three times, dismissed twice and returned twice. In spite of this, he remained firm, did not flatter, and devoted himself to law enforcement. Because of this, Xu became a rare full-time "judge" in history and was praised as "a good official without history" by people at that time. ?
Di Renjie
(AD 630-700), Huai Ying, a native of Taiyuan (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi) in the Tang Dynasty, took the Ming Classic (a branch of the imperial examination system in the Tang Dynasty) and entered the official career. After entering politics, he experienced two eras: Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian. At the beginning, he was appointed as an imperial minister in Cheng Dali. He has served as the secretariat of Ningzhou and Yuzhou, and the assistant minister of local officials. Di is an official, as Lao Tzu said, "saints are fickle in their hearts, and people are fickle in their hearts." In order to save the innocent, he dared to defy the will of the monarch and always maintained the true colors of being close to the people and not afraid of power. He always lived above the temple, worried about the country and the people, and was called "the mainstay of the Tang Dynasty" by later generations. He was appointed Cheng Dali in charge of criminal law. After any one year, he handled more than 65,438+07,000 cases left by his predecessor, and none of them appealed for rehabilitation. This shows that his fairness in handling affairs can be seen. Later generations have compiled many wonderful legends based on this, and even some people in the Netherlands have compiled a book "The Trial Legend of Renjie in Datang Empire".
bao zheng
bao zheng
(999- 1062), a native of Hefei, Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui), was the most famous honest official in history. Since he was a teenager, he has been determined to make contributions to the country, and "do his best to die". The starting point of Bao Zheng's official career was the magistrate of a county, and later he served as a magistrate, a transfer ambassador and other local administrative officials. He has served as a senior official in charge of state finance, such as the Minister of Supervision and the Deputy Minister of Housing. As a diplomatic envoy in Liao country; The most famous thing is that he worked as a bachelor in Tianzhangge and Longtuge, so later people called him Bao, Bao and Bao Bachelor. Although he served as the magistrate in Kaifeng for just over a year, after his death, Kaifeng people built a Baogong Temple next to the Kaifeng government office building to commemorate and worship him. Bao Zheng lived a clean life and never paid attention to ostentation and extravagance. Even when he became a high official, he still wore the same clothes as when he was dressed in cloth. I hate corruption. I told Injong in the play Begging Without Bribery that "incorruptibility is the appearance of the people". Greedy people are thieves of the people. "He has been strict with himself all his life. Ren Duanzhou, the magistrate, rectified the bureaucracy and cracked down on corruption, which was well received by the people. When leaving office, he politely refused, "I won't return until I send the inkstone"; He was selfless all his life, did not avoid powerful people, and enforced the law like a mountain. It is strongly advocated that all illegal acts of the royal family and eunuchs be brought to justice. It is the main content that Bao Zheng was highly praised and praised by the people before and after his death. Bao Zheng was famous at that time and later generations, especially after his death, as a typical image of an honest official, he was greatly exaggerated by different genres of literary works, making it magical. With the development of international cultural exchange, Bao Zheng, a historical figure and artistic image, has won the world reputation. Although the image of Bao Zheng in historical materials is very different from that in works of art, Bao Zheng's life can not only be appreciated by the feudal supreme ruler, but also be supported and loved by the lower class in dire straits. As an honest official, it is really typical. There is a story in Two Surprise Moments. When Zhu was a county magistrate in Chong 'an County, Fujian Province, one day he received a case that a king sued Da for encroaching on his ancestral grave. The ancients attached importance to Feng Shui, and Zhu was a master of Feng Shui. At that time, many rich people occupied Wang Hao's grave, so Zhu decided to check it out for himself. When you see this grave, it is really a treasure house. The eldest son pleaded, "This was originally a newly built grave in my family. Look, my Lord, the soil is still wet. How can it be his ancestral grave? " Wang argued, "Although the tomb is new and newly built, it has old soil under it, but it belongs to my family after all." Zhu dug with a shovel, and sure enough, he dug up a tombstone with the names of the king's ancestors listed on it. Zhu Jianzhi was furious and set up a monument according to it. Hard evidence is like a mountain. It must be that the surname covets the good feng shui of Wang Zu's grave and maliciously occupies it. So the eldest son was convicted of occupying farmland and gave the cemetery to the king. Zhu was very proud when he closed the case. He thought, "I'm not the person who will do these good things?" Unexpectedly, the truth is another matter: it turned out that Wang knew that Zhu had always targeted the rich and hated them for bullying the people, so he carved the bluestone into words, secretly buried it in the graveyard of Daxing's family, and then complained. Zhu was really taken in. Bao Zheng was also a famous official in Song Dynasty, and an anecdote about him was recorded in Meng Qian's Bi Tan. When Bao Zheng opened the government, someone broke the law and should be punished by law. The man bribed a small official to help him avoid the pain of this meal. The little official took the money and agreed with him: just shout out the grievances when the court is in session, and leave the rest to me. During the trial, the man really cried and cried, and he could tell. Pretending to be impatient, the beadle shouted angrily, "Isn't it just a crutch? Bitter is bitter. Why bother? " Bao Zheng was furious when he saw that the petty official was so overbearing. He blamed him for it, but he was lenient in breaking the law. Although the petty official was beaten, he got the money. The criminal paid the money to avoid a beating. Everyone won, but Bao Zheng lost.
Kuang Zhong
Kuang Zhong
(A.D. 1383- 1442) was born in Longgang, Jing 'an County, Jiangxi Province in the Ming Dynasty. Kuang Zhong's most outstanding achievement in his life was becoming the magistrate of Suzhou. He directly reduced the official grain, lightened the burden on the people, and stabilized and developed the economy. At the same time, rectify the bureaucracy, correct the atmosphere, pay attention to cleaning up unjust prisons and avenge the people. He arranged the schedule and asked about the case of a county every day, round and round, without interruption. In the first eight months, more than 1500 cases were cleared. The cases he has tried, big or small, can basically ensure that the people are not wronged, and local tyrants dare not do evil again. Now, as long as it is mentioned, people will immediately think of the honest official who dares to take risks, uphold justice and eliminate pests for the people in the Fifteen Customs. In addition, he also did good things that benefited one side, such as building water conservancy projects, running schools and recommending talents. During his thirteen years in office, Kuang Zhong left office three times and stayed in office three times. He did a lot of practical things for the people of Suzhou, and finally he broke down from overwork and died in Suzhou. In memory of Kuang Zhong, ancestral temples were built in Suzhou and seven counties after his death.
(English, Swiss) Harry (name)
(English, Swiss) Harry (name)
(A.D. 15 14- 1587) was born in Qiongshan County, Hainan. His time was the turning point of the Ming Dynasty from prosperity to decline. When the surface is flat, there is danger at that time. When Harry was young, he showed great concern for social problems. When Emperor Jiajing worked in the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, out of concern for the national financial resources, in order to persuade Taoism, he devoted himself to seeking immortality and indulged in building temples and temples everywhere. As a junior official with six grades, he is determined to die. This time, he put forward the famous "Frankly speaking, the best in the world", which was later called "Public Security". After the speech, Harry was immediately thrown into prison. Fortunately, Jiajing died soon, and the new emperor was pardoned under the persuasion of Prime Minister Xu Jie, and the official was reinstated and gradually promoted to the governor of Yingtian Ten Mansions. Later, he presided over the formulation of severe punishments such as "greed at the age of 80" to correct the current abuses and strictly enforce the law and discipline. He is selfless and shows no mercy to Xu Jie, the old prime minister who has always been kind to him. He returned the 400,000 mu of fertile land occupied by the Xu family to the original owner, and demanded that Xu Jie's two sons and more than 20 family members who bullied the good people should be held accountable according to law. Look at Hai Rui as an official. After Jiajing, Qin Long and Wanli dynasties, he risked his life to remonstrate many times. Although it was to safeguard the fundamental interests of feudal rule, he strictly enforced the law, eliminated violence, led an honest and clean life, sympathized with the people, appealed for exile, paid attention to developing production, built water conservancy projects, restricted the endless exploitation of big landlords, and reformed backward customs and habits. His action has been widely supported by the people. Hai Rui, a great official in the Ming Dynasty, once formulated a set of criteria for judging cases: "Anyone with suspicious litigation would rather be his brother than his brother; It is better to bend his nephew than to bend his uncle; It is better to let the rich yield than to let the poor yield; It is better to be opinionated than to be stupid and straightforward. This matter is to fight for the industry, rather than qu xiaomin, I would rather bend the township officials to save the disadvantages. This is the appearance of an argument. It is better to bend the country than to bend the people to save the body. " The world is complicated, and Lord Hai is not Sherlock Holmes. When he meets an unsolved case, he simply leans towards the weak and thinks he feels at ease. Harry is by no means the only follower of this principle. Many officials did this before and after him, and they had a unified title-"honest official".
Yuan Keli
Yuan Keli
(1562- 1633), the word Li Qing, was born in Suizhou, Henan (now Suixian). He was a scholar in the seventeenth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, and was given to Dr. Guanglu, Prince Taibao, from the official to the Ministry of War. Yuan Keli is honest and frank, defending the people. At the age of 28, he impeached Governor Ying Tian, who was five levels senior to his official position, and tried to solve the case of Suzhou prefect Shi Kunyu. In the seventeenth year of Wanli, he became an official in Suzhou. At that time, in Suzhou, "the little officials held the mountain, and the public film made a decision, like the wind sweeping." (Ming Dynasty Ministry of War Shangshu Festival Kong Zhenyun's Epitaph of Yuan Gong). Shi Kunyu, the prefect, is famous for his integrity. Li Lai, the satrap of Heaven, was ruled by the ruler, and the powerful satrap falsely accused the satrap of being guilty. Yuan Keli tried to correct his mistake. Quoting Daming Law, "I recited it to Zhong Cheng, and it was loud. Zhong Cheng was so ashamed that he raised the screen and blocked himself. The voice of public reading is becoming more and more fierce, and Zhong Cheng has disintegrated on its own. " (Huang Daozhou's Legend of Festival Atlas and Yuan Gong) caused a sensation in Jiangnan. In order to rule this country, it first supervised the empire west of Mount Yuan Keli. Wu Min left wine and cried for a hundred miles. In the twenty-third year of Wanli, when he visited the west side of Kyoto, an emperor joked about killing people, but officials were afraid to ask, so Yuan Keli beat him to make amends. "There will be a murder, and it will be fair and honest. If you catch it and bring it to justice, you can borrow many methods "(epitaph). It was someone who brought a large sum of money to Yuan Keli's door and immediately flew into a rage, saying, "If the murderer dies, so will the court. Can the jester take care of it?" I know it's three feet, but I don't know clown. "So, the resistance aimed at bringing the jesters in the city to justice, and the people all called it" Yuan Qingtian ",which angered the powerful. Emperor Wanli preferred the harem, and the imperial palace was deserted. In September of the 23rd year, Jingdezhen, Lei Zhen and Yuan Keli criticized and detained their salaries for one year. Yuan Keli was unmoved, and once again bluntly accused the emperor of "honoring the suburbs, speaking diligently in court, criticizing chapters and playing things, remembering legacy, making clear rewards and punishments, and changing cronies" (epitaph). Shu, who demoted the people for twenty-six years, was called "earthquake industry" in history, and the ministers of the DPRK complained for more than ten years, but the emperor did not listen. Too often, since Yuan Keli folk, official worship ministry of war left assistant minister and ministry of war history, because Wei Zhongxian openly opposed and was fired. Yuan Keli is fair and honest, taking the overall situation into consideration. Wei Zhongxian is autocratic and chaotic, and there is party struggle in the DPRK. Yuan Keli is concerned about his country and people, and his thoughts tend to be Lin Dong. Wei Zhongxian hates his guts. In the same year, Gao Panlong wrote a letter to Yuan Keli: "My brother is a corrupt scholar, and he can't serve his country. The recent turmoil was born in lectures. Zou Feng went to work, and his brother left (Gao Panlong's Answer to Yuan Jiehuan's Cheng). Since then, the relationship between Yuan Keli and Yan Dang has become incompatible, and every discussion is "a few things have arrived, and I want to invite outside" (The Biography of Xie Yuanhuan). Wei Zhongxian wanted to be trapped and sent a large number of minions to "wait around Gongmen every day, thinking that it would be illegal to sit down", but in the end Yuan Keli was "wussy" and couldn't borrow it. (Epitaph) On November 22, the sixth year of the Apocalypse, Jiuqing could choose Yuan Keli, the minister of Nanjing, and Wei Zhongxian blocked it, so he pushed the counselor of the Ministry of War to safeguard the minister. Wei Zhongxian got in the way again, and let Liu, a confidant, be the representative in charge of the Ministry of War in the south. In the north, Cui Chengxiu was a soldier. Since he left Yuan Keli, Wei Yan, the military forces in the world, held power in one hand and Zhong Xian pushed forward. Yuan Keli "revived Wei Yan". Huang Daozhou said: "When Cui Xie was in Wei, it was unclear whether it was true or not. If it was, it was from Sima Festival to Yuangong." (Huang Daozhou's Biography of Sacrifice to the Public)
yu chenglong
yu chenglong
The word (16 17- 1684) was named Beiying, whose real name was Yushan and Yongning (now Lishi, Lvliang). "Qing Duan" is presented to Prince Taibao. In the 12th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1639), he was promoted to the position of deputy envoy, and in the 18th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (16 1), he served as a magistrate, a Taoist priest, a provincial judge, a political envoy, a governor and a governor, a minister of the armed forces and a university student. In his career of more than 20 years, he was praised as "outstanding" three times. With his outstanding achievements and honest and hard life, he won the love of the people and the praise of Emperor Kangxi, and became famous in the ruling and opposition circles, known as "the first honest official in the world". In the spring of the twentieth year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi praised him face to face as "the first upright official today". Yu Chenglong always puts the rectification of official management at the top of his work, and follows the example of the officials who paid bribes to him during the Mid-Autumn Festival. He went to the south of the Yangtze River and made a "small trip" to visit the people when he entered the country. In the face of the situation that "officials in various counties have accumulated diseases, especially in the south of the Yangtze River", he quickly promulgated "Promoting Benefits and Eliminating Disadvantages". He is insatiable, combining leniency with severity, and people say that wherever he goes, he is "an official sees the wind and changes the routine." Although Yu Chenglong's rank is getting higher and higher, life is more difficult. In order to curb the luxury and corruption of the ruling class, he took the lead in practicing that "those who serve the people must bow first and save their servants." When he arrived in Zhili, he "made porridge with bread crumbs and rice and shared it with the servants". In Jiangnan, "a bowl of coarse porridge, a spoonful of porridge, and vegetables are also eaten, and I don't know the taste of meat all year round." Therefore, Jiangnan people affectionately call him Yu. Under strict constraints, the official of the governor's yamen said, "If you can't get vegetables and tea, you will spit out the leaves every day after picking them, and the tree will be bald." He went to sea for more than 20 years, and he had no family, only his wife. He didn't see him until 20 years later. His Qing. The festival was very famous at that time. He only saw "cold dishes and soup" ... so his clothes were worn out and his boots were worn out. After his death, nothing was left in his living room.
China's top ten honest officials have to say that the information comes from Baidu Encyclopedia.