Ji Chang (formerly known as1152-formerly known as 1056) was born in qi zhou (now Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). Founder of Zhou Dynasty, grandson of King Tai of Zhou Dynasty, son of Ji Li. A generation of wise kings in the history of China.

After his father died, he inherited the position of Xibohou, so he was called Xibohou. After 42 years in office, he officially became king, known as Zhou Wenwang in history. During Ke Mingde's reign, he was cautious in punishment, diligent in administration and attached importance to agricultural production.

Corporal, talented, worshipped as a strategist, strategized, subdued, conquered Li Guo (now Changzhi City, Shanxi Province), Guo Guo (now Qinyang City, Henan Province) and other countries, making the world three points and the next week.

Bianjing Fengjing (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) laid the foundation for the king of Wu to destroy merchants. The interpretation of Zhouyi and the establishment of Zhou Li were highly praised by later Confucianism, which Confucius called "three generations of English".

Zhou Wenwang died in fifty years (before 1056), enjoying his life at the age of 97, and was buried in Biyuan (the tomb of the Western Zhou Dynasty is located at the southern foot of Fenghuang Mountain in Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). BC 1046, the second son, Zhou Wuwang Ji Fa, destroyed the Shang Dynasty and made Ji Chang king of literature.

2. Wu Zetian

Wu Zetian (65438+ 16 February, 624-705), whose real name was Wu zhào, was born in Wenshui, Wenzhou (now Wenshui, Shanxi). The only orthodox female emperor in the history of China (reigned from 690 to 705) is also one of the emperors with the oldest enthronement age (67 years old) and the longest life span (82 years old). Together with Lv Hou, she was called "Lv Wu" in the Han Dynasty.

Wu Zetian is the second daughter of Wu Shihuo, the secretariat of Jingzhou. He entered the harem at the age of fourteen and was a talented person of Emperor Taizong. He was named "Wu Mei".

After the "Abolition of the King" incident, official Zhao Yi became the queen. In the first year of Shangyuan (674), she and Gaozong were also called "Tianhou" and "Shuangsheng" and participated in the political affairs. After the death of Emperor Gaozong, he became the empress dowager of Tang Zhongzong and Tang Ruizong.

In the first year of God's Grant (690), Wu Zetian established herself as emperor, changed her country name to Zhou, made Luoyang her capital, and established Wu Zhou. Before and after the reign of Wu Zetian, the imperial clan of the Tang Dynasty was massacred, and "cruel officialdom politics" arose.

However, she is "observant and good at judging", with more power and less power, and can use people. Reward agriculture and mulberry, reform official management, attach importance to talent selection, and make talents come forth in large numbers. In his later years, he gradually became extravagant and arbitrary, and gradually degenerated.

In the first year of Shenlong (705), Wu Zetian was seriously ill, and Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi launched the "Shenlong Revolution" to support the restoration of Tang Zhongzong and forced him to abdicate. After the restoration of the Tang Dynasty, Zhongzong was honored as the "Emperor of Heaven".

In the same year 1 1 month, Wu Zetian died in shangyang palace at the age of 82. In accordance with his last wish, Zhongzong changed his name to "Zetian Tiansheng Queen" and was buried in Ganling as a queen. Later, she became the "Tianshun Saint Queen".

3. Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang (181-23410-8) was born in Xuzhou (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province) and was an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher and inventor during the Three Kingdoms period.

In his early years, he went to Jingzhou with his uncle Zhuge Xuan. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong. After Liu Bei arrived at the thatched cottage, Zhuge Liang was invited to come out, but Sun Lian resisted Cao and was defeated by Battle of Red Cliffs. Formed the trend of the Three Kingdoms and captured Jingzhou.

In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and won Hanzhong. In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei established the Shu-Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the prime minister to preside over state affairs.

Liu Chan, the ruler in the last years of Shu and Han Dynasties, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was made the marquis of Wuxiang, leading Yizhou as a shepherd. Diligent and prudent, big and small political affairs must be personally done, and rewards and punishments are strict; Make an alliance with Wu Dong to improve relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China; Carry out the reclamation policy and strengthen combat readiness.

Most of the six northern expeditions to the Central Plains were based on grain. Eventually, due to overwork, he died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the twelfth year of Jianxing in Shu at the age of 54. Liu Chan made him a loyal minister, and later generations often called him Zhuge Liang by Wuhou.

4. Li Ji

(Ji) (594-669), formerly known as Xu Shiqi, was born in Lihu (now Dongming County, Heze City, Shandong Province). Famous soldiers in the early Tang Dynasty, also known as Li Jing and Wang Wei.

Born in Gaoping, the ancestral home of the Xu family. He joined the Wagang Army in his early years and then went down to the Tang Dynasty with Shi Mi. He lived in Tang Gaozu, Emperor Taizong and Tang Gaozong Dynasties and won the trust and esteem of the imperial court. Together with Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, he put down the quartet, struck Xue Yantuo twice and put down Becky.

Later, he broke the East Turkistan and Koguryo and became one of the main warriors in the Tang Dynasty. He entered that stage and made outstanding achievements. He was regarded as a dry city by the imperial court and one of the twenty-four heroes of Lingyange. He has served as a minister of war, a fellow scholar, an ordinary scholar and a prince, and has been a British official.

In the second year of the general chapter (669), Li Ji died at the age of 76. The book was presented to Qiu, Yangzhou viceroy, and posthumous title, "Zhenwu", who was buried with Zhaoling. After enjoying the emperor's temple court.

5. Lin Zexu

Lin Zexu (1785, August 30th-1850165438+1October 22nd), whose name is Fu, whose name is Mu, whose name is Village Old Man, Village Old Man, Seventy-two Peak Old Man, Bottle Spring Old Man, and Late Oak.

Official to Yipin, served as Governor of Huguang, Governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, Governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and served as an imperial minister twice; He was called the "national hero" of China because he advocated smoking ban.

1839 When smoking was banned in Guangdong, Lin Zexu sent an unannounced visit to force foreign opium dealers to hand over opium, and the confiscated opium was destroyed in Humen on June 3. The destruction of opium in Humen put Sino-British relations in a state of extreme tension, which became an excuse for British aggression against China during the First Opium War.

Although Lin Zexu struggled against western invasion all his life, he was open to western culture, science and technology and trade, and advocated learning and using it. According to the literature, he knows at least a little English and Portuguese, and is committed to translating western newspapers and books.

Wei Yuan, a thinker in the late Qing Dynasty, compiled the documents translated by Lin Zexu and his aides into "Seaside Map", which inspired the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty and even the Meiji Restoration in Japan.

1850165438+1On October 22nd, Lin Zexu died in the old county town of Puning.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ji Chang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wu Zetian

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhuge Liang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Ji

Baidu Encyclopedia-Lin Zexu