With the continuous spread, some ancient myths and legends gradually evolved into fables, which were recorded in many pre-Qin history books and became an important part of pre-Qin fables. In addition, there are some historical legends and stories created and invented by the author himself in the fables of the pre-Qin period. The historical legend, Han Feizi, has the highest frequency of use and has certain historical value. Zhuangzi is full of creative and fictional stories. This kind of fable is magnificent and peculiar, and it is the most literary. Pre-Qin fables are closely related to myths and legends. The description of chaos, Huangdi, Yao, Shun and Yi in Zhuangzi adopts mythological themes. The images created by exaggeration in Han Feizi and Shi Kuang Guqin are similar to the heroes who conquered nature in mythology. The fables of foxes, tigers, apes, snipers, snipes, confused frogs, turtles, oak trees and skulls are in the same strain as the myths of Japan, the moon, mountains, Sichuan, wind and clouds.

Fable is a short story with profound ideological significance. "Yu" means sustenance. The author compares what he thinks is right and useful lessons through fictional short stories, so that people can understand these truths from the stories. Its characteristics are short and pithy, full of irony and enlightening.

During the pre-Qin period, many thinkers and politicians often used some simple and vivid fables to demonstrate their views or ideas. Fables are mainly scattered in the essays of pre-Qin philosophers and historical essays, such as Mencius, Zhuangzi, Han Feizi and Warring States Policy. & gt In the articles of pre-Qin philosophers, fable is not an independent existence, but an organic part of the author's argument. It may be a metaphor, which makes the truth easy to understand and pleasant to listen to; Or as a sustenance, express the truth through the image in the fable; Or as an argument, use what is said in the fable to prove the point of the article.

Fable has four main characteristics in art, one is telling stories; The second is fiction; Third, the form is short; Fourth, it is philosophical.

The story and fiction of fables are influenced by myths and legends, but the fiction of fables is different from the fiction of myths and legends. Fable fiction has a clear reasoning purpose, and it is conscious creation and fiction, while myth fiction is unconscious. The fiction of fable makes it closer to the novel and has a more direct influence on the novel.

Many essays of pre-Qin philosophers are philosophical works, which contain abstract and even profound philosophy. Fables help people understand and accept their arguments with their concreteness and visualization.

One of Zhuangzi's philosophy of life is advocating uselessness, which is difficult for ordinary people to understand. But he explained it again and again with many interesting fables. For example, "chaos" is used to illustrate that we must conform to nature, and Zhuang Zhoumeng is used as a butterfly to illustrate that life is like a dream. , so as to make philosophical articles poetic and avoid boring, abstruse and abstract. The novel also draws lessons from this method.

Most pre-Qin fables use irony as a means to criticize the current abuses. I thought it was ridiculous at first, but it was thought-provoking after reading it. Therefore, pre-Qin fables have the purpose and function of revealing the truth, flogging and admonishing. People's familiar fables, such as Waiting for the Rabbit, Carving a Boat for a Sword, Painting a Snake to Add Foot, and Encouraging Seedlings, are mostly satirical, denouncing the absurdity of real life and having a very important influence on later satirical novels. Fictional story is one of the stylistic features of novels and the key to distinguish it from narrative prose. Fables set stories by means of fiction, which has important enlightenment to novel creation.

For example, Zhuangzi Autumn Waters fictionalizes the story of the dialogue between Hebo and Hai Ruo, and reveals the theme of human insignificance in the universe, thus telling people to be modest and prudent and not conceited when dealing with things. Fiction and fiction have the same effect.

Fable stories are not only ironic and humorous, but also interesting. Heroes in fables are often personified.

For example, in their fables, Herb and Hai Ruo became "philosophers". They could have philosophical discussions and use ignorance as a metaphor for knowing.

In Smith, its hero is an animal that can think and talk like a human being, even more cunning than a human being. The success of this novel lies in its unique conception and plot to arouse readers' interest, so as to achieve its educational or other purposes.

The theme of fables is often inherited by later novels. In the novels of Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, many themes were taken from fables in the pre-Qin period.

For example, many fables about ghosts and strange things in Zhuangzi are the ancestors of some strange novels in Wei and Jin Dynasties. The story of judge Lu's change of heart is also evolved from the story of changing his heart to Duke Lu and Zhao in Liezi.

It can be seen that fables in the pre-Qin period are closely related to novels, which have made great contributions to the formation of novels and are an important source of novel development.

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