Shan Liu
But is Liu Chan really so useless? He/kloc-ascended the throne at the age of 0/7, and he reigned for 42 years, which was the longest in the Three Kingdoms period. Even in the feudal dynasty of China, he spent the most time as emperor. It is not easy to be an emperor in peacetime, let alone in the turbulent Three Kingdoms period. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang praised Liu Chan's cleverness many times, and also praised Liu Chan's talent and kindness in The Book with Dewey. Zhuge Liang naturally doesn't have to say what he doesn't want to say, and Liu Bei is not an ignorant person. They are all famous politicians, and the Shuhan regime was established by them. So Liu Chan won't be a stupid person.
After Liu Bei's death, although Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, the actual power of Shu was still in Zhuge Liang's hands. Compared with the monarch and the minister, the country will hurt it. Liu Chan made concessions to Zhuge Liang everywhere and didn't argue with him. This is not his cowardice, but his perseverance.
The main reason why Liu Chan was criticized by later generations was that he was too happy to consider his family. Shu was originally the weakest country among the three countries, and its national strength declined year by year, so it was only a matter of time before it died, so it surrendered to Wei. No one who has been a monarch at the top of the pyramid will be willing to be a slave to others, but if he does not surrender, Shu will be hurt even more. Si Mazhao gave a banquet at Hongmen. If he didn't say he was unhappy, he wouldn't have done such an act, and those old officials in Shu Han would have been beheaded by Si Mazhao. He is more stupid than stupid.
People in Liu Chan say that Liu Chan is a weak man. Actually, it's not. The prejudice in this world is so ridiculous. I don't know who Liu Bei is, but the person who can create the inheritance of Shu Han is an ordinary person. Will he hand over his hard-earned foundation to an incompetent, cowardly and incompetent person?
Shan Liu
In fact, Liu Chan's talent was misunderstood by later generations. After he acceded to the throne, he made friends with Wu and let the people rest at home. After Zhuge Liang's death, General Li Miao wrote an innuendo article, saying that Zhuge Liang was hostile to Shu Han and wanted to please Liu Chan. Unexpectedly, Liu Chan flew into a rage and ordered the execution of Li Miao, because he knew that Zhuge Liang might be incompetent, but his loyalty to Shu Han was beyond doubt. Here we can see Liu Chan's ability to know people. An incompetent person will not have such a gift.
There is another thing that can better reflect Liu Chan's ability to recognize people and employ people. After Zhuge Liang's death, Liu Chan abolished the prime minister system and appointed Jiang Wan as Fu, who was in charge of administrative affairs and supervised the military. Then Fei Xiaotong was appointed as a general, in charge of military affairs and supervision of administration. This is to split the rights of the original prime minister into two, and the things that the two are in charge of are supervised by the other side, so that the two can restrict each other. Jiang Wan, Fei T, Zhuge Liang and Dong Yun can be called "four phases of Shu and Han". Are they ordinary people? Therefore, Liu Chan can get to know people well. Imagine that a person who can make such political arrangements can be a mediocre master?
In fact, Liu Chan is only a victim of literature and history. In order to deify a person, it is necessary to reduce his mistakes, improve his talents, and even push his own mistakes to others. Unfortunately, our late Lord Liu Chan became the victim of the deification of Zhuge Liang.
Yes, he is the son of Liu Bei, and his mother is Mrs. Gan. During the Three Kingdoms period, the second emperor of Shu Han was the queen of Shu Han. The word Gongsi, nicknamed Dou. When he surrendered to Wei, he perished, and Liu Chan moved to Luoyang, the capital of Wei, and was named the Duke of Happiness. After his death, he was hunted for thinking about the public.
Shan Liu
There are seven sons, the eldest son Liu V, Jpua and his mother Wang Guiren. When he surrendered to Wei, Jiang Wei pretended to surrender to Zhong Hui and prepared to design and kill Wargo, but not long after, Zhong Hui and Jiang Wei were both killed. Liu V was also killed in the mutiny at the age of forty.
The second son, Liu Yao, was named king of stability, surrendered after the demise of Shu Han, and was killed in the Yongjia rebellion. Liu Chan's third son, Liu Cong, was appointed King of Xihe. Ten years later, Jing Yao fell ill and died five years later. Liu Chan's fourth son, named Liu Zan, was named King Xinping. After the death of Shu Han, he went to Luoyang with Liu Chan and died in Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty.
Liu Chan's fifth son was Liu Chen, king of the northern kingdom of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms. When Wargo Enemy at the Gates, Liu Chan was ready to surrender. Liu Chen persuaded Liu Chan not to surrender. Liu Chan didn't listen to him. After Liu Chen's persuasion failed, he felt very painful and indignant about the country's demise, so he went to Zhaolie Temple where Liu Bei was sacrificed and cried, then killed his wife and son, and then committed suicide in Zhaolie Temple.
Liu Chan's sixth son, Liu Yao, was named the Rising Star King and was the brother of Liu Yuxin V. After the death of Shu Han, Liu Geng moved Liu Chan eastward to Luoyang. After Liu Chan's death, Liu Geng inherited his father's title and became the Duke of Happiness. The original eldest son, Liu V, died, and the title should be inherited by his second son, Liu Yao, but he preferred Liu Yao, so after his death, Liu Yao succeeded to the throne. However, during Liu Yao's succession, he was arrogant and extravagant. Later, he died in Yongjia Rebellion, and his descendants became extinct. Liu Chan, known as Liu Qian, was named Shangdang King and surrendered after the demise of Shu Han.
Zhuge Chan first became attached to Zhuge Liang in Baidi City. After Liu Bei led his troops to attack Wu, he was critically ill, so he recruited Zhuge Liang to Baidi City and entrusted his son to Zhuge Liang. According to the reflection, it's not like in romance novels. If Liu Chan is incompetent, Zhuge Liang will take his place. In fact, Liu Bei told Zhuge Liang that Mr. Wang's talent is ten times more than that of Cao Pi, and he will surely stabilize the country and achieve great things. If Dou can help, you can help him; If A Dou really has no talents, you can abolish him and set up a new emperor.
Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was the prime minister of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period, and was entrusted by Liu Bei as the phase father of Liu Chan. Zhuge Liang devoted his life to the revival of the Han Dynasty. When Shu Han recovered from the shock of Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang set an example for Liu Chan, prepared to explore the Central Plains in the north, and wanted to realize Liu Bei's wish to help the Han Dynasty before his death. This model expresses Zhuge Liang's desire to lead troops to crusade against Cao Cao of Wei State as his own duty, in order to express his loyalty to his late master Liu Bei. And warned Liu Chan not to forget Liu Bei's wishes. After Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan, the army returned to Chengdu, and Liu Chan pursued Zhuge Liang as a loyal soldier. Letters from all parts of Shu and Han asked to build Zhuge Liang's temple. At the suggestion of Long and two ministers, a temple was built for Zhuge Liang in Mianyang.
Liu Chan, a word heir, was declared emperor by Liu Bei, the late ruler of Shu Han, and established Shu Han and Liu Chan as crown princes. In order to let Liu Chan learn more knowledge and govern the country better in the future, Liu Bei asked him to learn more books, such as Everything is Wrong and Six Towers. These books were copied by Zhuge Liang himself, which shows that Zhuge Liang attached great importance to Liu Chan and made him learn Zuo Zhuan with the Book of Changes as his teacher. It is not enough to run a country by optical literature, so I asked Liu Chan to learn martial arts, hoping that Liu Chan can have a strong body. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan worshipped Zhuge Liang as his father and, with Zhuge Liang's assistance, made diplomatic efforts in Wu Dong to make the people "live and work in peace and contentment".
Liu Chan is the son of Cao Cao. When Liu Chan surrendered to Wei, he said, "I am very happy here, but I don't want to go to Shu. I am famous all over the world." . People took pains to evaluate him as an unaffordable fighter and buried his incompetence and cowardice. In addition, he also made a lot of explorations into the mysteries of life experience.
Cao Cao
Everyone knows that Liu Chan was the late ruler of Shu Han, so he should be the son of Liu Bei. Why else did Liu Bei let him inherit the throne? However, some people say that Liu Chan is the son of Cao Cao, which is well-founded. Take a look with me now. Why do they say that Liu Chan is the son of Cao Cao?
First of all, when Xuzhou fell, Liu Bei's two wives did not escape. Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao just to defend them. Although Guan Yu tried his best to protect the two young ladies, he was also a vassal of Cao Cao, so he was sent by Cao Cao to do things instead of guarding them all the time. Cao Cao is a notorious womanizer. He once built a bronze sparrow terrace in an attempt to attract beautiful women all over the world. He is really a man without integrity, as long as he is a beautiful woman. In the past, when Zhang Xiu, the general of Wancheng, conquered Wancheng, he surrendered because he was defeated by Cao Cao, but Cao Cao lusted after Aunt Zhang Xiu's beauty and forcibly took her away. So he has a criminal record of robbing other sons.
Secondly, Liu Bei didn't particularly cherish Adou. Liu Bei abandoned Adou when he was a baby. Finally saved, he fell to the ground. Moreover, it stands to reason that Zhao Yun saved Adou from danger many times. As a father, he should at least thank Zhao Yun, not like a benefactor. But when Liu Bei was alive, Zhao Yun had been suppressed and had a skill.
Zhuge Liang's advice to Liu Chan Liu Bei failed in the war with Sun Quan of Soochow. On his deathbed, he entrusted his youngest son, Liu Chan, to Zhuge Liang and Li Yan, asking them to help Liu Chan manage state affairs. And told Liu Chan to treat Zhuge Liang like a father. Everything should be discussed and decided with Zhuge Liang.
Zhuge Liang of Liu Chan
Liu Chan regarded Zhuge Liang as his father, and Zhuge Liang also tried his best to assist Liu Chan in handling state affairs. In order to achieve national unity, Zhuge Liang wrote an Liezi before the Northern Expedition, describing a series of political and economic measures, and mainly put forward three suggestions to Liu Chan:
First, hold a holy meeting. Zhuge Liang suggested that Liu Chan should be open-minded, be good at listening to courtiers' opinions and carry forward the virtues left by Liu Bei, the former emperor. Have enough confidence in yourself, don't look down on yourself, and don't say something inappropriate, which prevents the courtiers from persuading you. Accept the opinions of courtiers with a broad mind and inspire the spiritual morale of those with ideals and ambitions.
Second, rewards and punishments are clear. Inside and outside the palace are a whole, and palace guards and officials of various government departments should be treated equally.
People inside and outside the palace should be treated equally, and rewards and punishments should be carried out according to the same standard. To evaluate a person's quality, we should not just take his own likes and dislikes out of context, but leave them to the officials in charge of the matter to judge.
Third, close friends and ministers are far from villains. Zhuge Liang listed the reasons for the prosperity of the former Han Dynasty and the decline of the later Han Dynasty, and warned Liu Chan to keep close to talents and stay away from adulterers. And gave Liu Chan several examples of good ministers, and asked Liu Chan to consult Guo Youzhi, Fei T, Dong Yun and others when dealing with palace affairs; Negotiate with General Xiang Chong about the military camp and recommend him as the central chief.