The Northern Expedition, in the history of China, mainly refers to a large-scale attack from south to north. In ancient times, the northern expedition was mostly caused by the invasion of nomadic people with low economic and cultural level but strong military strength, which usually originated in the north; The southern regime of the threatened party temporarily relied on the natural barrier defense of the southern mountains and rivers and entered a state of confrontation; And counterattack the northern regime when the military strength or economic conditions reach a certain level. Therefore, the word "Northern Expedition" generally has the meaning of unifying and recovering the country.

Qin and Han Dynasties Northern Expedition In 2 14 BC, Qin Shihuang sent general Meng Tian to northern expedition to Xiongnu.

In 208 BC, Xiang Liang of Chu made a northern expedition to Zhang Han, Qin Jun, and Zhang Han defeated Xiang Liang. In the second year, Xiang Yu continued the Northern Expedition, defeated Chi in Julu County and surrendered.

From BC 133 to BC 1 19, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty launched a large-scale military operation against the Huns. From 103 BC to 7 1 year BC, Xuan Di, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, launched a military action against the Huns.

Three Kingdoms Northern Expedition Cao Cao Northern Expedition Wuhuan (200-207), Henan separatist regime Cao Cao conquered Hebei yuanshi county Group and Liaodong Wuhuan people's war.

From 2008 to 234, Sun Quan launched the battle of Hefei and northern expedition to Cao Wei.

From 228 to 234, Zhuge Liang went out to Qishan to crusade against Cao Wei. Later, Jiang Wei inherited Zhuge Liang's legacy and continued the Northern Expedition.

The Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties sent Zulu to the Northern Expedition (320 years), and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was a military action to recover the homeland of the Western Jin Dynasty.

Huan Wen's Northern Expedition (354, 356 and 369) was a campaign to recover the homeland of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, attack countries such as the former Qin Dynasty or crusade against the rebels.

Xie 'an's Northern Expedition (384) was a military action to recover the homeland for the Eastern Jin Dynasty after the Battle of Huainan and Feishui (376-383).

Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition (409-465, 438+00, 465, 438+06-465, 438+07) destroyed Southern Yan and the post-Qin Dynasty in order to recover the homeland of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

During the Northern Expedition (429-449), the Northern Wei Emperor Wu Tai took the initiative to counterattack the nomadic people in Mobei and made seven northern expeditions to Rouran Khan.

The Northern Expedition of Yuanjia (430, 450 and 452) was a military action of Emperor Wendi in the Southern Song Dynasty to crusade against the Northern Wei Dynasty and recover Henan.

Song Yongxi's Northern Expedition (986), Song Taizong launched a military action against the Liao Dynasty and recovered sixteen states of Youyun.

Song Zhenzong's Northern Expedition (1004), at the suggestion of Kou Zhun, Song Zhenzong personally crusaded against Liao Dynasty.

Xuanhe Northern Expedition (1 122 to 1 123), a military action launched by Song Huizong to destroy the Liao Dynasty.

Yue Fei's Northern Expedition (1 134 to 1 140), Yue Fei's military action to recover the homeland of the Northern Song Dynasty against the Jin Dynasty.

Duanping entered Luoyang (1234), and the Southern Song Dynasty and Mongolia attacked and destroyed the Jin Dynasty and recovered the military action of Xijing Luoyang in the Northern Song Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty northern expedition to Xu Da (1367- 1369), Xu Da and Chang Yuchun led the Ming army northern expedition, 1368, the capital city of Yuan Dynasty (now Beijing) was conquered, and Yuan Shundi fled to the north, which is known as the North Yuan in history. 1369 captured Yuanshangdu. In order to continue to destroy the Northern Yuan regime, from 1370 to 1396, Zhu Yuanzhang continued to launch eight northern expeditions.

The five northern expeditions (1409, 14 14, 1422, 1423, 1424) of the Ming Dynasty were called "Yongle Northern Expedition". A total of five personal expeditions to Tatar, Wala and Wuliangha tribes, remnants of the Northern Yuan Dynasty.

Ming Yingzong's Northern Expedition (1449) and Ming Yingzong's Northern Expedition Wala were both captured in the civil fort, which is called the change of the civil fort.

Zheng Chenggong's Northern Expedition (1657- 1659) and Zheng Chenggong's joint anti-Qing military operations in Li Yong and Zhang Huangyan in Southern Ming Dynasty.

The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's Northern Expedition (1853 to 1855) was an important military action of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's Northern Expedition.