The teaching goal of the first volume of the eighth grade history of People's Education Edition is "I would rather die as a ghost than be a conquered people"
1, basic knowledge:
Understanding: The touching historical story of China people, especially China soldiers' anti-Japanese war, the process of establishing an anti-Japanese national united front between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Kuomintang, the heinous crime of Japanese imperialism's massacre of China people during its invasion of China, and the general situation of the August 13th Incident.
Master: July 7th Incident, Nanjing Massacre and other important historical facts.
2, ability process training method:
Reading textbooks: Understand the importance of Lugouqiao's strategic position from words and illustrations, experience the national feelings of China's soldiers and civilians in their heroic war of resistance, and accuse the Japanese aggressors of their barbaric acts.
Collect data, identify and sort out: The main crimes committed by Japanese invaders in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, combined with learning activities, prepare a letter to Japanese middle school students: The Nanjing Massacre can't be forgotten.
3. Emotions, attitudes and values:
Patriotism: Inheriting the Martyrs? Would you rather be a ghost than a conquered people? Patriotism and national integrity.
Ideology: I hate fascism and am willing to fight for the cause of peace, democracy and progress of mankind.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Teaching focus:
? Lugouqiao incident? .
Teaching difficulties:
Through the truth of the Nanjing Massacre, the sinister intentions of the Japanese right-wing forces were exposed.
teaching tool
multimedia courseware
teaching process
First, introduce the new course:
Organize students to review the clues they have learned in previous courses, and discuss and answer questions:
1. Why did the Japanese invaders create the September 18th Incident? (The direct purpose is to use this as an excuse to attack the Peking University Camp where the Northeast Army is stationed and shell Shenyang. The ultimate goal is to occupy the whole Northeast and monopolize China. )
2. What is the reason why China advocates a peaceful solution to the Xi incident? What is the historical role of peaceful settlement?
After the Xi incident, the situation was extremely turbulent. The execution of Chiang Kai-shek may lead to the pro-Japanese faction taking power and the country falling into a situation of dispute and separatism. In this way, the Japanese have the opportunity to monopolize China. If Chiang Kai-shek were still alive, the pro-British factions in the Kuomintang might promise to stop the civil war and establish an anti-Japanese national United front as soon as possible.
For the benefit of the nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC) decided to bury the hatchet, put forward the idea of peaceful settlement of the Xi incident, and sent Zhou Enlai and others to mediate in Xi, which finally contributed to the peaceful settlement of the Xi incident. Since then, the ten-year civil war has basically ended and the anti-Japanese national United front has taken shape. )
The teacher taught that after the fall of the three northeastern provinces, Japanese imperialism extended its claws of aggression to North China and surrounded Beiping (today's Beijing). In order to defend Peiping, North China and China, China's army fought a bloody battle with the enemy there and wrote a passage? Would you rather be a ghost than a conquered people? Heroic epic Arrange students to read 8790 pages, make eye-catching reading marks in important years, names and places, exchange personal opinions in groups, and ask everyone to pass the exam. )
Second, organize students to study and explore new courses:
Lugouqiao Incident (July 1937)
1. According to page 88? See? Can you point out the importance of the strategic position of Lugou Bridge? (1At 7 o'clock in 937, the east, north and northwest of Peiping were occupied by Japanese or traitor troops, and only the southwest was controlled by the 29th Route Army of the Kuomintang stationed in China. Lugou Bridge is located on Pinghan Railway, southwest of Beiping 15km. Becoming the only gateway from Beiping to the mainland is a military stronghold for both China and Japan. )
2. Tell me about the changes in the situation when the July 7th Incident occurred compared with the September 18th Incident. Why was the July 7th Incident the beginning of the national war of resistance?
(1) Japanese troops: from attacking the Northeast to preparing to attack North China and even the whole of China.
B. China: The civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party stopped, the * * * army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and the anti-Japanese national united front was formally established.
D conclusion: the anti-Japanese war after the September 18th incident was local, and the anti-Japanese war after the July 7th incident was national. )
3. According to page 88? Read it? What kind of national spirit is embodied in children's words? (It embodies the spirit of patriotism. Not afraid of death is the basic quality that a soldier should have. Soldiers are noble if they are not afraid of death, only if they link their bravery with the interests of the people, the nation and the country, conform to the wishes of the people and meet the needs of peace. Otherwise, soldiers' fear of death will cause serious disasters. )
Teacher's summary and transition: for example, what is the so-called Japanese army? Bushido? Spirit, Japanese soldiers are not afraid of death when fighting. But what about this? Not afraid of death? For us in China, this is a huge disaster.
Anti-Japanese War between Songhu and Shanghai (August1937-June165438+1October)
Students read this box by themselves, and then the teacher briefly summarizes it, highlighting the significance of the war of resistance between Shanghai and Songsong.
Three. Nanjing Massacre (1937 65438+February-1938 65438+1October);
1. Japanese middle school history textbooks say: Because it is wartime, even if there is some kind of massacre, isn't it? A massacre? An action. ? Do you think this statement holds water? We don't deny that people will die in the war, which is the inevitable result of a desperate battle on the battlefield.
However, after the Japanese occupation of Nanjing, they slaughtered soldiers, policemen and innocent civilians who laid down their weapons and entered in violation of public international law? Safe area? Killing unarmed people. Therefore, the argument of Japanese middle school history textbooks is untenable. It distorts the historical truth, aims to beautify the war of aggression, and attempts to evade guilt and confuse people. )
2. How should China people view the Nanjing Massacre?
(1) We must be soberly aware that the war of aggression has brought endless disasters to the people, and we can never forget the wish written by our compatriots with their lives and blood: oppose war and strive for peace!
B future generations of the people of China must never forget their deep hatred for Japanese imperialism, be highly vigilant against the despicable acts of Japanese right-wing forces and resolutely prevent the revival of fascist forces.
C. We are sober-minded China students. We should also pay attention to distinguishing the Japanese people from militarists, right-wingers and neo-fascists, and try our best to help those Japanese middle school students who have been deceived temporarily understand the truth of the Nanjing Massacre. )
3. Extracurricular activities, prepare a letter to Japanese middle school students, and remember the Nanjing Massacre. Teachers can inspire and guide students through various forms and organize them to read the text. Then, ask the students to draft the outline of the letter in class and plan the materials to be used. )
Summary after class
1. According to HowNet, consolidate the knowledge points in this lesson.
2. Instruct students to complete the exercises on page 0/9 of Atlas in class.
homework
1. The official establishment of the anti-Japanese national united front is marked by ().
A. Chiang Kai-shek made a speech in Lushan, expressing his readiness to fight against Japan.
B. China * * * issued anti-Japanese electrification.
C. the kuomintang-communist agreement adapted by the red army
D. The Kuomintang published the Declaration on Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party submitted by China.
2. The order of the following events is ()
① Lugouqiao Incident ② Xi Incident ③? One, two nine? Movement ④ Battle of Songhu
A.①②③④ B.④①②③ C.③②①④ D.③②④①
3. In memory of the Kuomintang generals Tong and Zhao who died in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the city named this street after them is ().
Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Guangzhou
I would rather die than be the teaching goal of the conquered teaching design.
Basic knowledge to understand the touching historical story of China people, especially China soldiers' anti-Japanese war, the process of establishing an anti-Japanese national United front between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Kuomintang, and the heinous crime of slaughtering China people in the process of Japanese imperialism invading China.
Grasp the July 7th Incident, August 13th Incident, Nanjing Massacre and other important historical facts.
Reading the teaching materials by the method of ability cultivation process, we can understand the importance of the strategic position of Lugou Bridge from the words and illustrations, and the national feelings of China's soldiers and civilians in their heroic war of resistance against Japan, and accuse the Japanese aggressors of their barbaric acts.
Collect information, identify and sort out the main crimes committed by Japanese invaders in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and prepare a letter "Nanjing Massacre Can't be Forgotten" for Japanese middle school students in combination with the 8587-page activity class.
Emotion, attitude, values, patriotism, emotion, inheriting martyrs? Would you rather be a ghost than a conquered people? Patriotism and national integrity.
Ideology hates fascism and is willing to fight for the cause of peace, democracy and progress of mankind.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Teaching focus? Blood-stained Lugou Bridge?
Difficulties in teaching revealed the sinister intentions of Japanese right-wing forces through the truth of the Nanjing Massacre.
teaching tool
Multimedia tools
teaching process
Introduce new lessons: organize students to review the clues learned in the last lesson, discuss and answer questions;
1. Why did the Japanese invaders create the September 18th Incident? (The direct purpose is to use this as an excuse to attack the Peking University Camp where the Northeast Army is stationed and shell Shenyang. The ultimate goal is to occupy the whole Northeast and monopolize China. )
2. What is the reason why China advocates a peaceful solution to the Xi incident? What is the historical role of peaceful settlement?
After the Xi incident, the situation was extremely turbulent. The execution of Chiang Kai-shek may lead to the pro-Japanese faction taking power and the country falling into a situation of dispute and separatism. In this way, the Japanese have the opportunity to monopolize China. If Chiang Kai-shek were still alive, the pro-British factions in the Kuomintang might promise to stop the civil war and establish an anti-Japanese national United front as soon as possible. For the benefit of the nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC) decided to bury the hatchet, put forward the idea of peaceful settlement of the Xi incident, and sent Zhou Enlai and others to mediate in Xi, which finally contributed to the peaceful settlement of the Xi incident. Since then, the ten-year civil war has basically ended and the anti-Japanese national United front has taken shape.
The teacher taught that after the fall of the three northeastern provinces, Japanese imperialism extended its claws of aggression to North China and surrounded Beiping (today's Beijing). In order to defend Peiping, North China and China, China's army fought a bloody battle with the enemy there and wrote a passage? Would you rather be a ghost than a conquered people? Heroic epic Arrange students to read 7378 pages of the whole course, make eye-catching reading marks in important years, names and places, exchange personal opinions in groups, and ask everyone to pass the exam. )
Organize students to study and explore new courses.
Bloody Lugou Bridge
1, according to page 74? Think? Can you point out the importance of the strategic position of Lugou Bridge? (1At 7 o'clock in 937, the east, north and northwest of Peiping were occupied by Japanese or traitor troops, and only the southwest was controlled by the 29th Route Army of the Kuomintang stationed in China. Lugou Bridge is located on Pinghan Railway, southwest of Beiping 15km. Becoming the only gateway from Beiping to the mainland is a military stronghold for both China and Japan. )
2. Compare the 69-page and 74-page documents and talk about the changes in the situation when the July 7th Incident and the September 18th Incident occurred. (1) Japanese troops: from attacking the Northeast to preparing to attack North China and even the whole of China. B. China: The civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party stopped, the * * * army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and the anti-Japanese national united front was formally established. C. Kuomintang army: by? No resistance? Turn? Loyal opposition? . D conclusion: the anti-Japanese war after the September 18th incident was local, and the anti-Japanese war after the July 7th incident was national. )
3、? Activities and inquiry 1? Talk about it? What kind of national spirit is embodied in children's words? (It embodies the spirit of patriotism. Not afraid of death is the basic quality that a soldier should have. Soldiers are noble if they are not afraid of death, only if they link their bravery with the interests of the people, the nation and the country, conform to the wishes of the people and meet the needs of peace. Otherwise, soldiers' fear of death will cause serious disasters. )
Teacher's summary and transition: for example, what is the so-called Japanese army? Bushido? Spirit, Japanese soldiers are not afraid of death when fighting. But what about this? Not afraid of death? For us in China, this is a huge disaster.
Nanjing Massacre
1, Japanese middle school history textbooks say: Because it is wartime, even if there is some kind of massacre, isn't it? A massacre? An action. ? Do you think this statement holds water? We don't deny that people will die in the war, which is the inevitable result of a desperate battle on the battlefield.
However, after the Japanese occupation of Nanjing, they slaughtered soldiers, policemen and innocent civilians who laid down their weapons and entered in violation of public international law? Safe area? Killing unarmed people. Therefore, the argument of Japanese middle school history textbooks is untenable. It distorts the historical truth, aims to beautify the war of aggression, and attempts to evade guilt and confuse people. )
2. How should China people view the Nanjing Massacre? (1) We must be soberly aware that the war of aggression has brought endless disasters to the people, and we can never forget the wish written by our compatriots with their lives and blood: oppose war and strive for peace! B the descendants of the people of China must never forget their deep hatred for Japanese imperialism, be highly vigilant against the despicable acts of Japanese right-wing forces and resolutely prevent the revival of fascist forces. C, we are sober-minded China students. We should also pay attention to distinguish the Japanese people from militarists, right-wingers and neo-fascists, and try our best to help those Japanese middle school students who have been deceived temporarily understand the truth of the Nanjing Massacre. )
3. According to the activity class on page 8587, prepare a letter to Japanese middle school students. (Can the teacher pass? Voice-over form to inspire and guide, organize students to read the text. Then, ask the students to draft the outline of the letter in class and plan the materials to be used. )
Summary after class
1, consolidate the main points of this lesson.
2. Instruct students to finish the textbook page 77 in class. Practice? : You should choose C (July 7th Incident).
3. Complete "A Letter to Japanese Middle School Students Who Can't Forget the Nanjing Massacre" in groups, upload it through the message board of "Picking pearls from the Sea" website, and the teacher selects excellent articles for publication.
4. Remind students to preview lesson 16 "Building the Great Wall with Blood".