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The history of Baoding
Baoding is the hometown of Emperor Yao. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Yan and Zhongshan established their capitals in China with a history of more than 3,000 years. The name of Baoding means to defend the metropolis and stabilize the world, mostly for Beijing. Baoding has been an important place of capital city since ancient times, with counties in Yuan Dynasty, governments in Ming Dynasty and Zhili Governor's Office in Qing Dynasty. Since then, Baoding has been the political, economic, cultural and military center of Hebei.

Qin Shanggu county

Shanggu is an ancient county name. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, the world was divided into 36 counties, and the north-central part of Hebei was changed to Shanggu County, among which Baoding was one. Later, Baoding became a metropolis in Hebei, which people called Baoding Shanggu.

Baozhou city was built.

In the third year of Song Chunhua (992), Li Ji announced the construction of Bubao Prefecture, deepened foreign cities, repaired camps, dredged an acre of Chunjiang River, and built ships to transport grain. Baozhou began in Chengdu. Located on the border of Song and Liao Dynasties, Song and Liao Dynasties fought many wars in this area. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, Baozhou City was in ruins in the war. ?

Rebuilding Baozhou City

In the 22nd year of Emperor Mao of Mongolia (1227), Zhang Rou presided over the reconstruction of Baozhou City, redrawing streets, delineating houses, building government offices, temples and gardens, building earth walls, dredging moats, and introducing an acre of spring water into the city, which not only played a defensive role, but also improved the water quality in the city, and built a hydraulic stone mill outside the city by using water energy, laying the foundation for Baozhou City. The newly-built Baozhou City has become the gateway to the capital and the metropolis of Yannan. ?

Fu Jian schools and colleges

In Song Xining's fourth year (107 1), Baozhou established a state school. After the Ming Dynasty was changed to Baoding House, the official school was established, and there were two academies, Jintai Academy and Shanggu Academy. ?

Reconstruction of Baoding City in Ming Dynasty

Ming Huidi was built four years ago (1402). Governor Meng Shan reinforced the city wall, built the city with masonry, and built a parapet of 37 10/0m. During the Qin Long period (1567 ~ 1572), Zhang Liewen and other three prefects gradually transformed the tucheng into a brick city and strengthened the tower. Starting from strategic defense, the shape of the city was determined according to the conditions and geographical location at that time. The periphery of the city is basically square, but the south of Xicheng is curved, protruding 500 meters. The whole city is shaped like a boot, so it has "boots"?

Establish Lianchi College

In the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1730), Tang Zhiyu, the governor of Zhili, moved to the former site of Daning Dusi in Ming Dynasty. In the 12th year (1734), Lianchi Academy was established near Lianchi, which is the highest institution in Zhili. Famous deans include Huang Pengnian, Zhang Yuzhao and Wu Rulun. Later, specialized courses in English and Japanese were offered, and some Japanese came here to study. The academy has trained a large number of scholars. ?

Xiujunfu River

In the seventeenth year of Qianlong (1752), the Fuhe River was dredged on a large scale. Fang Guancheng, governor of Zhili, personally visited the upstream water source, dug an acre of fields, Jijiao, Shenquan and Wuhua Springs, and dredged Houhe River, Baicaogou River and dozens of downstream rivers, which made ships from Tianjin and the North-South Canal come in droves, and the Fuhe Wharf was "rugged"?

Popularize cotton planting and textile technology

During the Qianlong period, Fang Guan, the governor of Zhili, ordered people to carve cotton maps, popularize cotton planting and textile technology, and presented them to Emperor Qianlong, which promoted the development of cotton planting and textile industry in Hebei. ?

Jianguan engraving bookstore

In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), Li Hongzhang was appointed as the governor of Zhili and set up an official seal publishing house in the city, with about 200 employees. It is a large printing factory in Zhili. It once printed a part of Jifu Tongzhi, Baoding Fuzhi, Qingyuan County Zhi and Sikuquanshu. However, the invasion protection of the G8 was abandoned. ?

Establish Gifford University Hall

In the 24th year of Guangxu reign (1898), the governor of Zhili established Jifu University Hall (Zhili University) in Yu Ling Temple in the southwest of the city, which was the first institution of higher learning in Baoding with science and engineering as its mainstay.

Britain, France, Germany and Italy invaded Baoding.

In July of the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance occupied Beijing. In August, the allied forces of Britain, France, Germany and Italy invaded Baoding, wantonly burned and looted, wantonly destroyed cultural relics and historical sites, and made public the charges of "killing westerners with longitudinal fists and burning houses", including Ting Yong, Wei Kuiheng and Wang Zhankui, commander of Huai Army. After the signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty", the invading army began to withdraw from Baoding. ?

Start a school

In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), Yuan Shikai trained a new army in Baoding, and set up an army crash school, a general school (later changed to Baoding Army Academy), a normal school and a patrol school. Agricultural schools will be established in 30 years, and Zhili schools, law schools, surveying and mapping, military supplies, horse doctors and medical schools will be established in 31 years. In thirty-three years, Zhili Police College, Shi Chong Middle School and Zhili Girls' School were established in the whole province. ?

Establish Yude Middle School

In the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), Chen Youyun and other members of the League founded Yude Middle School (Baoding Yude Middle School) in Baoding to train young advanced elements and served as the official residence of Hebei League. In the 6th year of the Republic of China (19 17), Yude Middle School set up a preparatory class for studying in France, with Li and Li Fuchun as the first class and the second class. Xuantongyuannian (1909) founded Zhili No.2 Normal School, Qingyuan Middle School and School for the Blind and Deaf. ?

Cao Kun mutiny

After the founding of the Republic of China, in 19 12, Yuan Shikai instigated a mutiny in Cao Kun, and soldiers from Baoding seized the opportunity to rob the library and burned the city for two days and nights. The fire raged and the property of the government and people was looted. After that, the garrison entered the city and the crackdown began. ?

Establish Hebei University

192 1 year, zhili agricultural college (agricultural school), medical college (former medical college), law school, law school and higher normal school merged to form a comprehensive Hebei university. ?

Established Xiesheng Publishing House.

1926, Zhang Peipei, a native of Qingyuan, founded Xiesheng Publishing House in Baoding West Street. In addition to printing textbooks and newspapers, he is also responsible for printing documents and Marxist-Leninist works of the Party organizations in northern China. The name of the publishing unit is "People's Publishing House" or "Northern People's Publishing House". 1934, Xiesheng Publishing House was raided by the Baoding battalion of the Kuomintang, and Zhang Peiyu was arrested and detained. 1936, released when political prisoners were released. ?

The Japanese army invaded Baoding.

1September 24, 937, Japanese troops invaded Baoding. During the period of 1939, the puppet Hebei Provincial Office was moved from Tianjin to Baoding, and the Japanese army continued to carry out the "public security strengthening movement" and dispatched "mopping up" to brutally slaughter the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians. 1944, the Japanese Puppet also established Baoding City with Baoding Chengguan and nearby villages, and established the Puppet Baoding Municipal Office. ?

The Kuomintang Hebei provincial government moved to Baoding.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory,1June, 946, the Kuomintang Hebei provincial government moved from Beiping to Baoding.1June, the military and police jointly conducted a large-scale raid in Baoding to suppress revolutionary activities. 1In September, 947, five underground workers, including Xie Shiyan and Ding Xing, who held important positions in Baoding appeasement office of Kuomintang, were arrested and killed one after another. This case caused great shock in the Kuomintang military and political circles. In June+10, 5438, the government of Hebei Province of the Kuomintang began to move from Baoding to Peiping. ?

Baoding Municipal People's Government was established

1948165438+1On October 5th, China People's Liberation Army began to besiege Baoding. 165438+1In the early morning of October 22nd, Kuomintang military and political personnel stationed in Bulgaria fled to Beiping. The people's liberation army immediately entered the city, and the administrative personnel also entered the city one after another, and the Baoding Municipal People's Government was established as a municipality directly under the central government of Hebei Province.

Hebei provincial capital

On August 1949, 1 Hebei province was established with Baoding as its capital, and the administrative inspector office of Baoding Special Zone was established on August 9. On April 1958, the provincial capital moved to Tianjin,1October 29 1 1, and the 22 counties in Baoding were merged into Baoding, Dingxian (now Dingzhou), Fuping, Laiyuan, Zhuoxian (now Zhuozhou) and Zhuoxian. 1February, 960, colleges and cities merged and called Baoding city. 196 1 in may, the organizational system of Baoding special zone was restored, the municipal counties were changed to special zones, and the merged counties were revoked one after another. 1962, the organizational system of 22 counties 1 city was restored. The provincial capital 1966 moved back to Baoding, and 1968 moved back to Shijiazhuang.

Baoding area

On August 1968 and 18, Baoding Special Zone was changed to Baoding District, and Baoding District Revolutionary Committee was established. August 1978, changed to Baoding regional administrative office. 1983165438+1October 15, Baoding city broke away from the region and became a provincial city, with Mancheng County under its jurisdiction. 1On May 7, 986, Qingyuan County became increasingly under its jurisdiction, and Baoding City governed Xincheng, Heather District, Beishi District, Suburb, Qingyuan County and Mancheng County. Suburban 1987 cancelled.

City-city merger

With the approval of the State Council, on February 23rd, 1994 1994 Baoding area merged with Baoding city to form a new Baoding city.

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