After checking the information, we found that the ancients were much more hygienic than we thought. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the habit of washing your head once every three days and taking a bath once every five days was formed. So that the government has a holiday every five days, which is also called "Hume".
"Hailu Broken Officials" records that "Chinese law, once it is closed for five days, can rest and get up."
The ancients also bathed with pancreas and bath beans. The pancreas in the Tang Dynasty played the role of chilblain cream. High-end products are called "face medicine" and "oral fat", which are used to smear the face and mouth. The palace will give it to officials in winter. In Du Fu's La Ri, there is a saying called Kou.
Powder medicine Tong En, jade tube nine silver poppy. "Said is this kind of situation. Dare to send labor insurance supplies in ancient winter.
The ancients used plant ash and Gleditsia sinensis to wash clothes. Wash your hair with Taomi water and call it this pot. For example, in Zuo Zhuan's fourteen years of mourning for the public, there is "Pan Zhi died of illness." Extracted a paragraph, as follows, interested parties can have a look.
Trace the history of bathing
First, the formation of pre-Qin bathing etiquette
Bathing is what is usually called bathing today, including bathing of head, body, hands and feet. However, the ancients were very meticulous. Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty said:
Mu, Zhuo Fa also.
Take a bath, shower.
Wash your feet and sprinkle water.
Take a shower and give up.
The so-called "Zhuo" and "Sprinkle" means washing. From this point of view, the meaning of bathing in ancient times is not completely consistent with that of bathing today. Only by combining Xu Shen's explanations of "bathing", "bathing" and "bathing",
Is the whole point of taking a bath today.
At that time, the villagers only bathed in the river. With the development of society, people gradually developed the habit of taking a bath, which was recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen in Shang and Zhou Dynasties at the latest. Mu, his hands are like pots.
Water bathing hair, knowing that it is bathing, is the meaning of shampooing; Bathing is like a person in a vessel, and water drops are added to the casserole on both sides of the person, which means bathing, which means bathing. Bathing utensils are bronze swords and storytelling.
The meson said, "Like a mirror, there is a big basin", and water is the washbasin. "Zhuangzi Zeyang" records: "There are three wives in total, sharing a mirror and bathing together". Before the bronze mirror appeared, the ancients often looked at their faces and Oracle Bone Inscriptions with water as a mirror.
The word "sword" (sword and sword are the same word in ancient and modern times) is like a person bending over to see the shape of a dish. From the word "should", it looks like a person taking a bath, which is very similar to the word "Yu", the only difference is the bath with the word "should".
"Showing naked in the foot" (Kang Yin's A Brief Introduction to the Origin of Ancient Chinese Characters). The word "welcome" shows people the scene of people taking a bath in the bath in the pre-Qin period.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, bathing etiquette was gradually customized. Because bathing has penetrated into all aspects of society, people have a deep understanding of bathing, not only as cleansing, moisturizing and keeping fit; It depends on
It is a grand etiquette in the pre-Qin period. You should bathe and purify yourself before offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors. This is a fixed law, which means that you are clean and pious. It is called abstinence, also called fasting. The fasting ceremony began in the Shang Dynasty and was customized in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The fasting ceremony in the Western Zhou Dynasty was very good.
Grand and elegant, fast twice before every major sacrifice. The first time, we should call for fasting 13 days before the sacrifice, and the second time, we should call for accommodation three or one day before the sacrifice. Full-time officials should preside over certain ceremonies.
Pray for worshippers to bathe themselves without eating meat or fish to show their respect for God. Fasting and bathing has always been an important part of sacrificial ceremonies in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and it is managed by full-time officials. This was recorded in Zhou Li.
Bathing is closely related to the behavioral norms of people's lives. The Book of Rites contains: "Both men and women are happy, bathrobes and food." Living at home, both men and women should get up early, take a shower and change clothes. Etiquette as a couple
There is a saying that "a wife can't share a bathroom with her husband", and the so-called "outside and inside don't share a well, don't share a bath". There is also the etiquette of respecting the elderly at home. "On the fifth day, please take a bath with soup. On the third day, please take a bath. Meanwhile, the surface is dirty.
Qing Tan invited you; Your feet are dirty, please wash the soup. "Etiquette stipulates that the younger generation should burn warm water once every five days to bathe their parents, and burn warm water once every three days to wash their hair. In the meantime, if parents' faces are dirty, they should
Wash rice water for parents; If your feet are dirty, wash them with warm water. It is also important to bathe in the birth ceremony. The Book of Rites says: "A child is born, bathed and obedient, and so is his wife." and
It reads: "The son of a man and a woman was born in the side room. At the end of March, his mother bathed and went to court to see the king." When the prince is born, the monarch and his wife will bathe and appear in front of the monarch in royal robes. Bathing is also an important etiquette in carrying etiquette. well-behaved
The dowry reads: "The manager is a guest, taking a bath every three days and five days." He also said, "If you don't come, the guests won't worship. You can eat after taking a shower." Responsible for receiving visitors, it is necessary to meet the requirements of guests to wash their hair once every three days and take a bath once every five days.
When people entertain guests with gifts, they don't have to thank them, but they should eat after taking a shower to show their respect for their hosts. "Book of Rites Jade Bath" also stipulates that "a gentleman lives in a constant household" and "wash every five days and soak in millet to benefit"
"Liang shouted," Sleep and take a bath outside. " "Etiquette" stipulates that before the festival is held, people who attend the sacrifice should wash their hair and take a bath first, which is called "bath, bath". Danger is danger. In both Japan and China, sacrifices are made to protect the souls of the dead.
Sacrifice is to mourn.
In the Zhou Dynasty, the princes appeared before the emperor, and the emperor gave him a fief for him to bathe in Ji Wang, which was called "Tang Muyi". "Etiquette King System" says: "Fang Bo is the son of heaven, and the city of Tom is in the county of the son of heaven." Managers should be more professional.
Feudal cities that bathe should wash their hair and bathe first, and then they can go to the court to see the son of heaven and bathe to show their respect for the son of heaven. Confucius took self-denial as his responsibility and practiced the ritual of bathing all his life. "Confucius bathed in sunshine" has long existed.
Known to the world.
The formation and perfection of bathing etiquette in pre-Qin period is a summary of bathing going deep into all aspects of society and life. As a custom, it is followed by the world, which is unique in the history of bathing in the world, and so is paying attention to bathing.
The ancient tradition of China people.
Second, the Qin and Han emperors were bathed in strange news.
Ying Zheng and Qin unified China and founded a unified feudal autocratic centralized state in China, calling themselves the first emperor. At that time, there were hot springs in Lishan Mountain, Lintong County, Shaanxi Province. After Qin Shihuang established Xianyang as the capital, he built a temple and laid bricks in Lishan Mountain.
Shichengchi, named "Lishan Tang", and Lishan Hot Spring in the bathroom became the royal washing place of Qin Shihuang.
According to the book "Xin's Three Qin Records" quoted in Volume 71 of Taiping Yulan, one day Qin Shihuang came to Li Mountain to take a bath and saw a beautiful woman standing by the green and quiet spring. Her beauty was abnormal and she suddenly became lustful, regardless of etiquette.
Go up and flirt. Angered, the beautiful woman opened her mouth and spat at Qin Shihuang to fight back. Qin Shihuang immediately suffered from sores and thick blood, and he was in pain. Only then did Qin Shihuang know that this was a goddess, and he was so scared that he tried his best to attack the goddess.
Ask for forgiveness. The goddess bathed him with hot spring water and cured his sore. Therefore, the legend of Lishan hot spring, also known as "goddess soup", is quite interesting. The goddess punished the mighty Qin Shihuang. When he learned to apologize, he used it again.
The hot spring cured his sore. This shows that Lishan Hot Spring has the medical function of "detumescence and detoxification", so it went to the "New Stone Three Ji Qin" where "future generations take a bath". As early as the Qin dynasty, people realized this function of Lishan hot spring, which was controversial.
Come to the hot spring to take a bath and cure diseases. This legend also illustrates the fact that Qin Shihuang liked bathing very much.
The most famous palace in Qin Dynasty is Epang Palace. A waterway was built in Epang Palace to introduce Wei water and Fan water into the palace, and the powder water after bathing by the imperial palace flowed out of the palace through the waterway, making Wei water float up a layer.
Dirty. It is conceivable that there are many bathing facilities in Epang Palace for concubines to bathe in, and these bathing facilities are carefully designed, which can not only absorb river water, but also discharge sewage through circulation, and even filter water for health protection.
Flooding facilities make it stay up all night and giggle. The bathing facilities in Epang Palace can be described as ingenious. Although Du Mu's description inevitably has literary rhetoric, there is still a real historical legacy between his own lines, which can be regarded as Epang Palace.
An example of the prevalence of bathing.
Entering the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, also left a record related to bathing in history. Since the pre-Qin dynasty, there has been a custom of feeling sad on the river, that is, bathing on the river in late spring and March can also eliminate ominous signs, diseases and disasters. This custom was very popular in the Han Dynasty.
Ok, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once took part in activities by the river, bathed in Bashui and prayed for the unlucky children.
Before the ancient people held a major sacrifice, both worshippers and worshippers should bathe themselves to show their respect for the gods, otherwise it would be blasphemy. According to Yi Du Tiao Zhuan, one year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty went to Ganquan Palace to offer sacrifices and became a servant of Shu people.
Zhang Kuan accompanied him. When a group of people walked to Weiqiao, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty suddenly found a woman taking a bath in the water under the bridge. Strangely, this woman's breasts are very big, seven feet long. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very surprised and sent someone.
Ask. The woman said, "The people in the seventh car behind the emperor know my origin." At that time, Zhang Kuan was sitting in the seventh carriage, and Emperor Wu of Han asked people again. Zhang Kuan replied, "She is a star, in charge of sacrifice and sacrifice.
If fasting is unclean, there will be lactating women. "The so-called fasting means that the worshippers are required to fast animal products and bathe themselves before the sacrifice. Obviously, the stars in charge of sacrifice are responsible for supervising the fasting of worshippers.
God hates fasting and is unclean. "Every time you fast, you fall and see." According to Zhang Kuan's explanation, Tianxing, who is in charge of the sacrifice, must have discovered that the worshippers were unclean in fasting, so that the phantom long-breasted woman bathed in the Weihe River to warn the worshippers.
Take a good bath for yourself, otherwise it will not only rain but also be convicted. After this incident, I think Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty will take part in the sacrificial activities again and will definitely take a bath for himself.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the bathing custom of the whole society has been formed, especially the good custom of "bathing for three days and bathing for five days" contained in the Book of Rites Bride, which was formally fixed by law in the form of "bathing" in the Han Dynasty. place
Court officials in the Han Dynasty called it a legal holiday of "rest". "Han Gong Yi" says: "Five-day holiday bath, also known as rest." "beginner's notes" said: "Chinese law: the official took a bath on the fifth day and said that he would take a rest and take a bath." Hanshu Huo
"Light transmission" contains: "Don't take a bath when you are light." Supplementary explanation: "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Hu Note: Chinese officials must rest in the palace on the fifth day of the fifth day. "The emperor of the Han Dynasty gave officials a day off every five days to go home to take a bath and wash clothes, and made
It is the first time in the history of our country to fix a legal holiday on the grounds of bathing. It can be seen that the Han Dynasty attached great importance to honor and the cleanliness of the body and skin, and had a good habit of taking a bath regularly, both inside and outside the court and up and down.
Used to be.
It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the "five-day bath" was changed to an official's rest and bathing every ten days, which was called "Hugh Huan". The early, middle and late days of each month are variants of Shang Han, and the Chinese meaning is Huan, which means washing.
Probably because ten days and one Huan, Huan has a timing significance, and one Huan is ten days, so the Tang Dynasty system has the name of ten days off.
Third, the aristocratic bathing habits in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
As a representative of the upper class, nobles need a clean appearance to match their prestige. The Southern History of Liang Benji records that Xiao Gang, Emperor Jian Wen of the Southern Dynasties, especially loved bathing. He also wrote three volumes of Bathing.
Jing is the earliest bathing monograph in China, which advocates vigorous bathing. Because of this, shampooing and bathing became a part of people's daily clean and hygienic life at that time. From the pre-Qin period, there was a life of washing hair for three days and bathing for five days.
Traditionally, there is a reason why the ancients washed their hair so frequently, because in ancient times, both men and women wore scarves, which easily accumulated dust, so they had to wash their hair frequently.
There was a very interesting conversation between the Jin Emperor Si Marui and Prince Si Mashao. Prince Si Mashao, who is known as "filial piety" in history, heard that his father washed his hair and specially blessed him, because "this is an auspicious day to wash his hair and live a long life"
How appropriate. The answer of Emperor Jin Yuan was that his head was "dirty and smelly" and should be washed well. It seems difficult to wash a long hair, too. Si Mashao added, I heard that I washed my hair for a long time, and I must be very tired. I don't know my father.
How is the dragon's body? Emperor Jinyuan replied: It feels particularly good to wash away dirt and greasy, and I don't feel tired at all. The comfort of shampoo is beyond words.
The Book of Rites Jade Bath once stipulated a set of bathing procedures. After bathing, you should wipe your body with clean thin towels and thick towels, then shower your body with hot water, put on special cloth to prevent your body from drying, and drink some drinks at the same time.
Material, quench your thirst. This kind of bathing can at least be done by middle-class families. It should be said that it is a procedure of aristocratic bathing, which the poor can't enjoy. The ancients also had the custom of taking a bath and changing clothes.
The fisherman said, "the new swimmer must wear a crown, and the new swimmer must change clothes." The nobles in the Jin Dynasty took bathing as an important part of personal hygiene. According to the ancient custom, they had to change clothes after bathing. Liu Yiqing, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yuan Xian.
The general boy riding a motorcycle likes to take a bath because he is frugal and doesn't like to wear new clothes. After the raccoon took a bath, Qizi specially changed his new clothes. Huan Chong angrily urged to take it away, and his wife said, "Where can I get old clothes without new clothes?" Huan Chong, listen.
He put on his new clothes with a smile. Huan Chong bathes and his wife sends clothes, regardless of new clothes and old clothes. At that time, people had to change clothes after taking a shower, so it was much more comfortable to put on clean clothes.
However, the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were an era of publicity of human nature, as Du Mu said in the poem Runzhou in the Tang Dynasty: "Generally, the Southern Dynasties were broad-minded and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was the most romantic." In this era, different people treat bathing in different ways.
The same attitude, one is that bathing is not good, the other is that bathing is addictive and goes to extremes.
Bian Bin, who wronged Yin in the Southern Dynasties, was a snob. However, Bian Bin was covered with lice and insects because of "careless bathing and untimely bathing". Despite the unbearable itching, he didn't take a shower and claimed that he could be safe.
Survival.
Eat when you are hungry, sleep when you are sleepy, and clean up the dirty things. This is the life content of civilized people. People can only be clean and hygienic if they take a bath frequently. However, Comrade He of the Southern Dynasties was addicted to bathing. Comrade He was born into a noble family.
In the family, teachers are independent, professional, voluminous, and read more than 300 articles of etiquette, which is slightly catchy. In history, apart from being famous, what makes him famous is that he has a bath addiction, which is called good humanity in history books.
I have to take more than a dozen baths in one day, but it is not enough for almost a whole day. Because He Tong washes more than ten times a day, people give him a famous nickname, called "Shuiyin". Bathing and cleaning, pay attention to cleaning,
This is a good living habit. However, Comrade He seems to have gone too far. He takes a dozen baths a day. Such people are really rare in the world. So when li yanshou of the Tang Dynasty wrote heather, why was it written by Tong Zhi?
He tong's land bathing addiction. This really made Comrade He cut a dash. Li Zhi and Feng Menglong both talked about Comrade He's bathing in their works.
Fourth, the royal family in Sui and Tang Dynasties loved to soak in hot springs.
Hot spring bath was popular in ancient times, and it was only popular in Tang Dynasty. Because the emperor loves hot spring bath, when people mention hot spring bath, they think of the famous Huaqing Pool in the Tang Dynasty.
Shanxi Lishan Hot Spring was known as "Goddess Soup" in the Qin Dynasty. Since the Qin Dynasty, thousands of people from cities and countries have come to soak in hot springs. In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong built the "Tang Bath Palace" in Lishan; In the sixth year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty flourished.
Civil engineering, further expansion, will be converted into a luxury palace, renamed "Huaqing Palace", because the palace is also in Ikeno Spring, so it is also called "Huaqing Pool", which is exclusive to the emperor. Huaqing Pool is divided into Jiulong Soup and Furong Pool, and there are nine.
Dragon soup is dedicated to the emperor's royal washing, and Furong pool is dedicated to Yang Guifei's bath. Later, it was also called "Guifei Pool", which was managed by a special person. "Old Tang Book Official History III" said: "Hot spring supervision is banned in Tang Chi."
He is an official who specializes in the affairs of the Royal Tangchi. Archaeologists excavated five sites in Tang Chi, including Lotus Soup, Begonia Soup, Star Soup, Prince Soup and Shangshi Soup. This reflects the five generations of kings.
Yu Ren's "The Legacy of Sixteen Long Soups in Kaiyuan Tianbao" records: "In addition to offering two soups, Huaqing Palace still has sixteen long soups for bathing." Qing Shi Menglan's "The Ci of the Whole History Palace" also said:
The trees are cool after the rain, and the wind comes to the front hall.
After the supreme bath, I came out today and found sixteen soups in the imperial palace.
It can be seen that there were many hot springs in Huaqing Palace at that time, which was the heyday of Huaqing Palace.
Since Emperor Taizong, most emperors like hot spring baths, and Tang Gaozong and Li Zhi have a poem "Warm soup is not enough". In 20061February, Li went to Xinfengwen Palace to give Tang Chi a bath. Ministers also presented poems, and Shangguan Waner also presented them.
Present three quatrains, entitled "Lucky Xinfeng Hot Spring Palace, Three Poems". Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, pushed the hot spring bath to the peak. Every October, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took Yang Guifei to Huaqing Palace for the winter, bathing and having fun.
Enjoy the fun of hot spring bath.
At that time, there were many hot springs around Xi 'an, the ancient capital, the most famous of which were Lishan Tang, Shimen Tang and Quanfeng Tang. Lishan hot spring became the place where the emperor washed, and Quanfeng soup was also the place where the emperor often went. Tang Xuanzong wrote a poem in Lucky Quanfeng Soup.
The middle expression "I am willing to be infinite and touch everyone's heart." Shimentang, located on the west side of Tangyu Estuary in Lantian, has attracted much attention, although Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty failed to come in person. Specially named "Daxing Tangyuan", it opened up jade with high and low water temperature.
Female, Snowmelt, Julian, Laiyu and Zhuoying are five Tang idiots. At that time, people from all walks of life in Chang 'an went to take a bath, which was very popular.
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty also knew well the therapeutic and health-care functions of hot springs. He often soaks in the hot springs of Huaqing Palace. In the poem, "only this hot spring is called sickly, should we be blessed alone?" Thinking with millions of people and taking a leisure cruise are just to express his ambition. "
Cloud:
Guidian is connected with mountains, and orchid soup is natural.
Shady cliffs are full of color, and warm valleys are full of gurgling yuan.
Merit is evil, and merit is reason.
I am willing to say a trillion words and share the same prosperity.
Fifth, the scholar-officials in the Song and Yuan Dynasties took a cool bath.
Historians believe that around the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with the development of cities and the prosperity of commercial economy, public bathhouses appeared in cities, and most people built houses with bathrooms, so bathing became more popular, and even guests came from afar.
When people greet each other, they should first put fragrant soup to bathe their guests, and then hold a banquet to entertain them. This is called welcoming guests. Literati and scholars are even more cool and easy to take a bath, which is recorded in literati notes.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were various forms of bathing for literati. For example, Yang Jian, a powerful man at that time, had a special bath at home, which was quite similar to the family swimming pool of the rich today.
Emperor Wen of Sui was a favorite of Song Huizong during his administration. He built a luxurious swimming pool and liked to bathe alone in it. However, his bathing and swimming seem to be integrated, so he seems to enjoy it. Before Yang Jian, powerful people built it.
Many people have this kind of private swimming pool. According to the Biography of Lehman in the New Five Dynasties, Lehman in Langzhou in the late Tang Dynasty once dug a deep pool in his home. When guests come to visit, they will hold a banquet by the pool, and when they finish drinking, they will throw their glasses in.
In the swimming pool, then touch the glass in the water naked, and play in the water enough before going out to dress and drink water. Lei Ren built the pool mainly for swimming and having fun. Yang Jian mainly took a bath, because every time he entered the pool, he ordered someone to put it on it again.
"Bath bath beans" for bathing. Swimming is just a kind of entertainment when taking a bath.
Public bathhouses in Song and Yuan Dynasties were very popular and had formed a certain scale. Some literati also meet regularly to take a bath in public baths.
Wang Anshi is not good at bathing and has lice on his body, which is famous in history. However, Wu Chong, his marriage friend, had a sufficient understanding of the importance of taking a bath and developed a good habit of taking a bath frequently. He doesn't want to take a bath for Wang Change Anshi.
The bad habit of taking a bath, meeting Wang Anshi and Han Wei "every one or two months, that is, taking a bath in the hospital", because three people have an agreement, three people go to the public bath hall to take a bath and change clothes, under this constraint, Wang Anshi may not.
Don't take a shower, change when you see new clothes. This changed Wang Anshi's old habits and greatly improved his personal hygiene.
Su Shi also likes to take a bath in public baths. One year, after taking a bath in a public bath, he was carefree and full of poetry. He wrote two songs "Like a Dream" to describe his feeling of bathing, which is very humorous. A cloud:
Did Libra ever love each other? Look at both carefully. Send messages to people to wipe their backs and bend their elbows every day. Handle with care, handle with care, the layman is spotless.
The second cloud:
Only by self-purification can we purify ourselves. I am sweating and breathing. Send messages to people to take a bath and play physical games together. But washing, but washing, is everything in the world.
It can be seen between the lines that the public bathhouse service at that time was perfect, and there were also special back cleaners to serve customers. As can be seen from the back-wiping service, the Song Dynasty opened what many dropouts thought was "the precedent of modern life customs". Purple pine
Up to now, public baths (such as today's sauna) have specially designed back cleaning services for customers.
Because the scholar-officials have developed the habit of bathing frequently, people scoff at people who are not good at bathing. Although Dou was born in the prime minister's family and was brilliant, the world gave him a gift because he always didn't take a bath for a long time.
His word "smelly" and "smelly sinus" not only became a disgraceful nickname at that time, but also was ridiculed by later generations as a typical example of bad bathing.
The development and utilization of hot springs has a long history. In the southeast of Inner Mongolia, 32km northeast of Peng Jing Town, there is a hot spring called Keshiketeng Alishan, commonly known as hot water soup. According to the records of Jehol Peng Jing, Hu spicy soup is one of the twelve scenic spots in Peng Jing.
First, when spring blossoms, people come here to bathe, cure diseases and keep fit, and people come and go in an endless stream. Lu Zeng, a poet of the Song Dynasty, bathed in hot springs here and wrote the poem "Bathing in Hot Springs":
The new bath above feels very light, just like warmth and water.
The frost is not hot because of the world, especially in Shanqing this spring.
Bathing is not only relaxing, but also poetic, which shows Wang Huan's preference for hot spring bathing.
Fuzhou hot springs have been widely developed and utilized during the Jiayou period in the Northern Song Dynasty. In its heyday, there were more than 40 bathrooms, divided into official soup and folk soup. Li Gang, a national hero in the Song Dynasty, not only bathed in soup, but also wrote poems and praised:
Yu Yu Lanfang, the first soup in Tsinghua.
Why should the patient be watered this spring? You might as well go to litchi township.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Peng Ying requested to spend the night at Wenquan Temple in the hot springs in northern Chongqing during his stay in Jingdezhen. After enjoying the hot spring bath, he was given the poem "Stay in the hot spring Buddhist temple". In the first year of Jiayou, the philosopher Zhou Dunyi took a boat trip to Wentang Gorge and went to the northern hot springs to give lectures and bathe.
Bath, but also for Peng Yingqiu poem preface, the book is engraved with "Zhou Dunyi Peng Tuguan Yu Zhou Su Wenquan Temple poem preface" stone tablet. After bathing in Lushan hot spring, Zhu discussed the cause of Lushan hot spring: "Who lit it? This mountain pond water? " He is right.
This feeling cannot be explained. As can be seen from these records, the literati in Song and Yuan Dynasties preferred to soak in hot springs than ordinary people.
Jacky Yuan You's Suichang Miscellanies records that Wen Riguan, a famous Zen master in Yuan Dynasty, was closely related to the father of Xian Yushu, a great calligrapher. Hyun-woo and his son like to take a bath. There are not only bathrooms at home, but also excellent bathing utensils and beans. temperature
Every time Riguan comes to Hyun-woo's house, Hyun-woo and his son will invite him to have soup and take a bath together, and Hyun-woo will respectfully offer bath beans. It is for this reason that Wen Riguan has become a frequent visitor at home.
Scholar-officials in Song and Yuan Dynasties loved bathing, which showed that individuals were very particular about cleanliness and hygiene at that time. In order to maintain physical and mental health, they regarded bathing as a kind of enjoyment.
Six, Ming and Qing citizens take a bath joke
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, bathing really penetrated into people's lives. With the further development of the city and the gradual growth of the citizen class, various service industries are also booming, and "mixed halls" generally appear in cities, probably because there are no bathers.
It means "mixed" washing. No matter what kind of person, as long as he pays the money, he can enter the bath. At that time, people paid more attention to bathing than before, and Tu Benjun of Amin dynasty also regarded "bathing" and "appreciating the ancient times"
Playing ","humiliating reputation and fragrance "and" reciting clear words "are all regarded as a kind of spiritual enjoyment. The history of A Qing Dynasty regards "shaving your head, pulling out your ears, taking a bath and pedicure" as four personal pleasures, and thinks that only refreshing yourself is a great pleasure.
Growth is a blessing. In "Happy Original", it is said that "the joy of bathing" has a cloud: "It is cold in winter, so you can't bathe frequently. Take a bath frequently in the other three seasons. Need warm water and warmth, wash it repeatedly, and feel refreshed. What a good enjoyment? " In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people got wood.
Bathing life is reflected in the oral literature of citizens, and there are many jokes about bathing.
The mixed hall is a place where everyone bathes together, and all kinds of people get together to "meet with sincerity". The mixed library is almost a small society where all kinds of people get together. There is a mixed hall laugh in the children's laughter selected by yu zhang in the Ming Dynasty.
Words cloud:
The righteous officer was sweating like a pig when he ran away. After taking a shower, he got up and his coat and overcoat had been stolen. In the uproar, the master slandered him for help. The righteous officer was very angry, so he wore a gauze hat and boots, tied him naked and said, "Is this what I'm waiting for?"
Yes "
The mixed museum was originally a sea of people, and it was a place for thieves to display their skills. It became a habit to take a shower and get rid of clothes, so the owner of the mixed library pretended to be deaf and dumb, which made the righteous official have this funny move. Zhang Yu Zuiyue
Confucius said, "What a well-dressed look. Who can I sue in this situation? " There is no good way. It seems that the righteous officer has to admit his bad luck. "Laughing at Lin Guang Ji" Volume 5 has a cloud of "mixing the hall and washing", edited by the Qing game master:
Someone is taking a bath in the mixed hall and scooping water at the door. Everyone is frowning at each other, and they are all annoying. The man put the water in his hand and said, "Don't worry, gentlemen, wait until I wash my mouth and spit it out."
It's really disgusting to gargle with dirty soup that is turbid and white in the shower. Lang Ying once said that the water mixed in the hall "makes it useless to pay, which is different from the water in the ditch." However, this man made an amazing remark, which was ridiculous.
Here you are.
Bathing in mixed rooms is just a way for people in Ming and Qing Dynasties. More people still take a bath at home. Even poor families have the habit of taking a bath. As long as you burn a pot of hot water with a load of firewood, you can take a bath, which is convenient and relaxing. Ming Ren Chen
There is a joke cloud on the volume of Popular Jokes compiled by Mei Gong:
Some guests stayed for tea, but they didn't have tea, so they borrowed it from their neighbors for a long time. When the soup boils, they add cold water. After a long time, the pot is full. The wife said to her husband, "I can't drink tea. Let him take a bath."
Boiling water to make tea, there is no tea at home, and tea is not borrowed. The cauldron is full of hot water, so guests can't eat tea and take a bath. It seems that in the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were also customs of entertaining guests and bathing.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was a joke that was specially satirized and boasted. There is Duan Ziyun's "Big Bathtub" in Volume 20 of Laughter in the Woods edited by Qing Game:
A clever liar said to people, "There is a footbath in the temple, and thousands of people can take a bath together." Famen Temple in Shaanxi Province "Monument to the Miraculous Bathroom of Famen Temple in Song Dynasty" records that "monks gather in the bathroom courtyard of Famen Temple and have thousands of baths every day".
There are more than a thousand monks and laymen bathing, which shows the scale of the bathroom courtyard. The footbath of "thousands of people can take a bath together" looks ridiculous, but just like the exaggeration of "taking thousands of baths a day" in the bathroom courtyard of Famen Temple, the joke itself still has the shadow of life.
Son.
Monks and Taoists should bathe before sacrificial activities to show reverence and awe. Monks and Taoists have a long tradition of bathing. "Laughing in the Woods" Volume 8 Cloud:
Taoist bathing between monks and nuns requires a teacher first, then a teacher and then a master, which is very disorderly. He sighed with emotion: "I am the only monk who has no rules." The old monk didn't go down, and the young monk took off his clothes first. "
This is obviously the monk making fun of the monk. Whether it is a monk or a Taoist, there are specific procedures and regulations for bathing. Only one thing is to take off your clothes, and the rules that monks have to follow are very strict. "Baizhang Clear Rules" said: "Show me the bathing symbol and take out the bathing utensils.
While unbuttoning your coat, take off your skirt and wrap it with foot wrap, then you can plunge into the bath group and fold your pants into Fuli. "It's not like the monk in" The Bath of Being a Monk "said," I am the only monk who has no rules. "
Scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties sometimes directly engaged in joke creation, mostly describing real people and stories, and some jokes such as bathing. Li Zhi's Night Talk in the Mountains (Volume 10) and Interview with Bohu recorded Tang Yin's bathing experience.
Anecdotes; In the Qing Dynasty, a retired scholar who lived in a nest wrote Laughing, and Volume 4 Bathing and Sleeping described the anecdote of Jin Shengtan:
Jin Shengtan visits friends and the host takes a bath. Asked his son, he said, "Sleep." Jinsheng sighed, "You are still in prison, but Lang is a sinner!"
Jin Shengtan's bathing and prison, sleeping and sin are homophonic, and he mocked the impolite host.
Bathing jokes in Ming and Qing Dynasties originated from people's bathing life at that time, which reflected the secularization of bathing in Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the material of folk oral literature because of its rich content. /link? URL = imec 78 uledumedzvasl 0t-ehxutuxvjqganw-ytspiejvrjtleq 1 z3 lwueifbubldgurgvjogptdyn 85 l6 cnulacb 4 bqst 8 orme mrmu