China has a long history, which is about 5,000 years from Ji Xuanyuan (also known as Gongsun Xuanyuan) in Yu Dynasty. It is about 4600 years since the Three Emperors and Five Emperors. About 4 100 years since Xia dynasty; It is about 2240 years since the first unified centralized Qin Dynasty in China.

About 2070 BC, the Xia Dynasty appeared; Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the earliest known mature script in China, appeared in Shang Dynasty. The Western Zhou society further developed, the productivity of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period increased, and a hundred schools of thought contended. Before 22 1, Qin Shihuang established the first centralized feudal country-Qin dynasty; The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty further consolidated and developed the unified situation, and Chinese characters were basically stereotyped. During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, China entered a state of separatism.

A Brief Introduction to the Background of China's Unification in Pre-Qin Period

After Shang Yang's political reform, the strength of Qin was greatly enhanced. In 238 BC, Ying Zheng, king of Qin, began to lead his own government. With the help of Li Si and others, he formulated the strategy of "destroying princes, claiming the title of emperor, and unifying the whole country", that is, netting Yan Qi, stabilizing Wei Chu and eliminating Zhao Han; Attack as far away as Tomochika, and break them one by one.

From the attack on Korea in 230 BC to the annihilation of Qi in 22 1 year, the State of Qin successively annihilated Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi, ending the 500-year-old warlord regime since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, establishing the Qin Dynasty and making Xianyang its capital. The Qin Dynasty was the first unified dynasty in the history of China.

The central government, including the Qin Dynasty, set up three officials and nine ministers, implemented the county system in local areas, and promoted the unification of writing, currency, vehicles and weights and measures. Attack the Huns in the north, build the Great Wall, conquer in the south and dig canals. Centralization laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years, and had a far-reaching impact on the history of China.