Shang Dynasty was the second dynasty in the history of China, which existed from 1600 BC to 1046 BC. It is the first dynasty in China with direct written records of the same period. In the early Shang Dynasty, the power of Shang monarchs and local governors was relatively balanced, and there was no obvious civil strife or foreign invasion. In the late Shang Dynasty, due to internal political corruption, external environmental pressure increased, and the national strength of Shang Dynasty gradually declined.
During the Shang Dynasty, China's bronze ware manufacturing technology was superb and made remarkable progress in the fields of literature, astronomy and mathematics. The important cultural heritages of Shang Dynasty include exquisite bronzes such as Fang Ding, Siyang Fangzun, and rich written records such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen.
In addition, during the Shang Dynasty, some important cultural phenomena appeared in China, such as sacrifice, Oracle, music and dance. Sacrificial activities in Shang Dynasty are very frequent, involving politics, military affairs, culture and other aspects, among which the most famous is ancestor worship. Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a unique cultural phenomenon in Shang Dynasty, and it is a divination record carved by Shang people with tortoise shells or animal bones. These records reflect the social life, political events and wars at that time.
Generally speaking, during the period from15th century BC to12nd century BC, China was in the Shang Dynasty, and the cultural and historical heritage of this period had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's history and culture.