Su Shi, whose name is Zi Zhan, is Dongpo Jushi. Meishan, Meizhou (now meishan county, Sichuan). Shi Mao, who was born in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty (six o'clock in the morning), was born in a scholarly family on December 19th, the third year of Injong. His father, Su Xun, was a famous writer. He was very interested in the imperial examination, but his talent was not satisfied. Su Shi spent his childhood in Taoist temple private school. He studied in Tianqingguan private school for three years. Because Su Shi was gifted since he was a child, his mother taught him the Book of the Later Han Dynasty when he was ten years old, and he made great progress under his mother's guidance.

The second volume should try to compare with the first one.

In the first year of Injong Jiayou (AD 1056), Su Dongpo and Su Zhe, aged 2 1 year, accompanied by their father, rushed to Beijing to take the imperial examination. During the entrance examination, he put forward twenty-five suggestions, which won the favor of Emperor Injong and was awarded the Bachelor of Hanlin.

Ouyang Xiu admired him very much and promoted him. Later, Su Shi and Su Zhe worshipped Ouyang Xiu as their teachers.

In April of the second year of Jiayou, his mother Shicheng died, and Su Jia and his son were in Beijing, and they hurried back to their hometown to take care of the funeral.

In the fourth year of Jiayou, the mother's funeral expired and the father and son went to Beijing again.

In the sixth year of Jiayou, Su Shi and Su Zhe took the system examination under the recommendation of their tutor Ouyang Xiu. This year, an exam with honesty and frankness as the theme was held. Su Shi was selected in the third grade, while Su Zhe was selected in the fourth grade.

The third volume is Ren Fengxiang

On November 19th, 6th year of Jiayou, Su Shi was appointed as the judge of Fengxiang House, leaving his father and brother behind. Su Zhe sent him all the way to Zhengxinmen, the outer city of Kyoto, to say goodbye to his brother.

During my term of office, floods and droughts were handled well. However, due to the fatigue of work and the struggle of officialdom, Su Shi gradually felt extremely worried. Finally, in the winter of the second year of Yingzong Zhiping (1065), Fengxiang's term of office expired, and Su Shi couldn't wait to get back to Kaifeng, the capital where his father and brother lived. Unexpectedly, his wife died the next year, and his father died less than a year later. With a heavy heart, Su Shi shipped the coffins of his father and wife back to Meishan, his hometown.

Volume iv

Wang An-Bian Shi Method

In the first year of Xining, Su Shi ascended the throne and attended his father's funeral. Accompanied by his successor Wang, Su Shi left his hometown and became a supervisor in the following year.

At this time, in order to rebuild the national finance facing difficulties, Song Shenzong appointed Wang Anshi as prime minister and implemented the new law. Su Shi was excluded because of his different political thoughts. In the fourth year of Xining (A.D. 107 1), Su Shi, who was 36 years old, was defeated and forced to transfer to Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), feeling a little sad and depressed. After Su Shi finished his official duties, he played around whenever he had time to solve his worries. I made many intimate friends and wrote many excellent poems. Such as the famous, < Drunk in Wang Hu Building on June 27th > and so on. On the contrary, political frustration prompted Dongpo to experience a richer life and open up a broader literary field.

In the seventh year of Xining (1074), due to the proximity to Jinan where Su Zhe worked, Su Shi took the initiative to transfer to Mizhou (now Zhucheng County, Shandong Province). He also created many famous literary works in Michigan, such as, < Shuidiao Song-Mid-Autumn Festival with Children >, < Jiangchengzi-Mizhou Hunting > and so on.

The fifth volume

Wutai poetry case

Later, Su Shi was transferred to Xuzhou (now Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province) and Huzhou (now Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province). In the second year of Yuanfeng (AD 1079), one day in the third month after he moved to Huzhou, an imperial envoy arrested Su Shi to please Wang Anshi, accused him of slandering the imperial court, and asked the emperor to order judicial officials to convict him. Soon Su Shi was sent to prison, which is the famous "Wutai Poetry Case".

This case caused a sensation. In addition to people in Huguang and Hangzhou, monks were asked to recite scriptures and pray for him, and many officials who appreciated him gave their lives to save him. In addition, Cao, who loves literature and is sick, intercedes for him. In the end, he was only sentenced to "ridicule politics." After receiving a gift from the emperor, he was sentenced to exile in Huangzhou to avoid death.

Volume VI

Release Huangzhou

In the third year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1080), Su Shi was demoted as the assistant envoy of Huangzhou Yingyong. When I first arrived in Huangzhou, food, clothing, housing and transportation became a problem. Later, self-reliance and land reclamation. Find happiness in a dull life and move forward firmly on the difficult and optimistic bumpy road of life. A year later, Su Shi built a study next to Dongpo and named it "Dongpo Tang Xue", hence the name "Dongpo Jushi". This article has expanded in both ideas and themes. For example,< Nian Nujiao-Red Cliff Nostalgia >,< Post Red Cliff Fu > At this time, Su Shi has reached a very high level in literary and artistic attainments!

In the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Zongshen ordered Su Shi to leave Huangzhou and changed Ruzhou (now runan county, Henan Province) to Ying Yongzhu. I met Wang Anshi on my trip. Despite their different political backgrounds, they talked very speculatively. Wang Anshi spoke highly of him.

Volume 7

Yuan You Genghua

In the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi regained his reputation and was appointed as the governor of Dengzhou (now Penglai County, Shandong Province). In less than ten days, he was called by the court to serve as a doctor. In February 65438, he was transferred back to Kaifeng, Kyoto, and served as the owner.

In March of the eighth year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1085), Zongshen died, and Zhezong, aged 10, ascended the throne, gradually abolishing the new law. The new school was excluded. The former minister returned to power. Historians call it "the modernization of Yuan You".

In the first year of Yuan You (1086), Su Shi was promoted to China Calligraphy Officer, Hanlin Bachelor, Imperial edict Officer, and assistant civil servant. But at this time, Su Shi had no interest in being an official. His understanding of Wang Anshi and the new law made him have reservations about the new law. Conservatives said that he was Wang Anshi's new law school. If the new school doesn't regard him as one of its own, Dongpo will become a figure in the cracks.

In the fourth year of Yuan You, Su Shi got rid of factional disputes, so he was asked to be transferred to the governor of Hangzhou. When Su Shi was governor, he built the West Lake Su Causeway.

In six years, Yuan You was called a bachelor of Hanlin and served as an attendant, but was rejected. Within a few months, he was transferred to the governor of Yingzhou (now Fuyang City, Anhui Province). After leaving the imperial court, he was transferred to the governor of Yangzhou (Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province) the following year.

In September of the seventh year of Yuan You (A.D. 1092), Su Shi was recalled to the imperial court and became the minister of war. In November, he was promoted to Shangshu of the Ministry of Rites, which is Su Shi's highest political position.

Volume VIII Southbound Wan Li

After being promoted to a high position, he was attacked by more and more parties. The unhappy Su Shi asked to be transferred to Jiangnan, but he was not approved. The king's stepwife died again.

In September of eight years, Yuan You became the secretariat of Dingzhou (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province). In the same month, Empress Dowager Gao died of illness. Yuan You's modernization is over. 18-year-old Zhezong began to lead the government and re-implement the new law.

Shao Shengyuan (AD 1094) In April, 59-year-old Su Shi was accused of slandering the imperial court and was demoted as the governor of Yingzhou (Yingde County, Guangdong Province). In June, he was on his way to Yingzhou (not yet! ) and was ordered to exile in Huizhou (now Huizhou City, Guangdong Province). During his two years in Huizhou, Su Shi lived in distress. Sometimes he doesn't even have rice for brewing, so he has to grow his own vegetables. However, Su Shi has long been used to suffering in his life. I took it in stride and slept soundly. The traitor of the imperial court still refused to give up, and Su Shi was exiled to Danzhou, which has been called the end of the world since ancient times. In Danzhou, Su Shi was penniless. While reading, he read his favorite poems, Liu Shi and Shi Tao (he only brought these two books), and also made poems to amuse himself. Making friends with ordinary people, although life is miserable, Su Shi, who has profound characteristics and connotations, is still free and easy and enjoys himself.

The last volume

The eternal poet's heart

In the first month of Fu Yuan's third year (A.D. 1 100), Zhezong died and Hui Zong acceded to the throne. In May, Su Shi was pardoned for exile abroad. At this time, all nine members of Su Shi's family died! However, at this time, Su Shi was terminally ill because of the hardships of his journey.

In June of the first year of Guo Jing in Zhong Jian (A.D.11), Su Shi died of illness in Changzhou (Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province) and took up an official position. On July 28th, Su Shi passed away.

66 years, maybe there are many storms, maybe life is hard. Su Shi has never been discouraged by this and has always lived a strong life. The most rare thing is his gentle and delicate poet's heart.

Niu Wa Su Shi wrote/There are beautiful beaches and blue waves.

-Su Shi's elegance and broadmindedness

First, Su Shi himself.

Su Shi (1036—110/) was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan).

Su Shi was a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is an outstanding writer who is versatile in literature and art.

He was born in a well-educated family, and his father Su Xun was a famous essayist. He is good at planning and writing, and his style is arbitrary, which has obvious influence on Su Shi. Su Shi's outstanding achievements in prose, poetry and painting, on the one hand, depend on his own diligence, on the other hand, Su Xun has a far-reaching influence on him.

Su Shi was listed as one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties because of his prose achievements, and was later called "the four masters of Han, Liu and Ou Su". His poems are regarded as "the model of Song poetry"; His ci is called "legislation for ci" and is recognized as the representative and pioneer of the wild school; In painting, he, together with Mi Fei and Li Longmian, is known as the four great masters of the Song Dynasty. He is good at drawing ink bamboo, but his calligraphy also has unique attainments.

Su Shi had a rough life. He became a scholar at the age of 20, and his life was tortuous and dangerous. Su Shi is indeed a poet who has gone through hardships and completed himself.

Su Shi's survival time coincided with the dispute between Wang Anshi's reform and reform party and Sima Guang's old party. Because of his insistence on justice, Su Shi was caught between two forces, and was repeatedly relegated and tortured. Footprints have entered 20 places: Sichuan-Kaifeng-Fengxiang-Beijing-Hangzhou-Mizhou-Xuzhou-Huzhou-Huangzhou-Changzhou-Dengzhou-Beijing-Hangzhou-Yingzhou-Xuanzhou-Huizhou-Danzhou and so on.

Although Su Shi has gone through an extremely tortuous and dangerous life path, he has never been depressed and desperate, but has gone through hardships to complete himself and achieve real detachment. No setback or misfortune can defeat him mentally.

In general, Su Shi is Su Shi. He got rid of mental depression and finally achieved something in his career. Wherever he went, he actively did practical things for the people and left a "political voice" everywhere. In Fengxiang, he was called "Su Xianneng"; Dredge Hangzhou West Lake and build Su Causeway; He built hospitals and schools in Hainan. In the creation of civilization, his best poems are written in depravity; In my life, wherever I go, I can keep close contact with the masses and win the love of local people. Su Shi has a great influence among the people. Dongpo towel, Dongpo hat, Dongpo fan, Dongpo wine, etc. Either it is popular for a while or it has been passed down to this day. It shows that Su Shi has great influence among the people.

Su Shi also left a lot of legacy. In addition to the "Su San Temple" in Meishan, Sichuan, there are hundreds of relics about Su Shi all over the country. Susan Temple has an inscription by Zhu De:

One family, three fathers and sons, all great writers.

Poetry and Fu have been handed down from generation to generation, and Emei is superior to others.

Second, the reasons for the formation of Su Shi's broad-minded personality

Influenced by Confucianism, ancient literati all hoped to make achievements and contributions. As the saying goes, "a gentleman takes the world as his own responsibility", "if he is poor, he will be immune to it, and if he is up to it, he will help the world." When this ideal cannot be realized or encounters setbacks, he will have the following performances: First, martyrdom. It is to sacrifice one's ideals with one's life, for example, Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River. Second, complain. That is, to express poverty, sorrow and talent grievances in poetry.

Tao Yuanming's poems are full of sighs about poverty, illness and sadness, as well as complaints about his depressed career. Li Bai's boldness cannot but be decadent; Du Fu cares about the national economy and people's livelihood, but his ambition can't be displayed, and there are many sad songs of frustration. Just like "Up the Mountain", "But there is no news from my relatives and friends, I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat"; Chen Ziang's "I miss the faint of heaven and earth, and I cry alone"; Li's "Since the world can't satisfy our desire, I will loosen my hair tomorrow and take a fishing boat" and so on.

However, when Su Shi arrived, he completely achieved a bold, natural, elegant and open-minded style of ci poetry, and was full of understanding of the wealth and poverty of life, showing a kind of mind of "being happy while losing". This should be a new expansion of the realm of life, showing a great progress in human wisdom.

How did Su Shi reach this state? I think this has something to do with Su Shi's two personalities since he was a teenager.

Su Shi was able to integrate the best character and cultivation of Confucianism and Taoism into his own cultivation when he was a teenager, which is very worthy of our attention. On the one hand, he has a firm Confucian ambition to serve the country since he was a child, that is, the idea that "a gentleman takes the world as his own responsibility". There is a description in The History of Song Dynasty Su Shichuan: When Su Shi was a teenager, his mother taught him the biography of Fan Slander. Fan Li was a loyal minister persecuted in the party struggle in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was appointed as the special envoy of the Qing Dynasty, he had the ambition to clarify the world. When he was persecuted, he didn't drag out an ignoble existence, but rather gave his life, just as Tan Sitong said, "I laughed at heaven and went to Kunlun Mountain to stay." When I left my mother, I said, "I failed to repay my parents' filial piety." Fan Mu said: "A person should achieve fame and fortune and live a long life. Can he have both? " ? Mom wants you to realize your dream. "Little Su read here and vowed to be a slanderer when he grew up. Su Mu said, "You can be a model slanderer, but I can't be a model mother? "

Su Shi's life was neither an Arab New Party nor an old inflammatory party. No matter what kind of political persecution, as long as he returned to the imperial court, he still adhered to his ideals, did not blindly follow any faction, and did not want to go with the flow. So he suffered so much slander, but his wishes, ideals and conduct were consistent. At the critical moment, I have to tell the truth. In his words, it is "like a fly in my mouth, don't spit it out".

Su Shi's boyhood was also deeply influenced by Zhuangzi's thought. He has liked Zhuangzi since he was a child. There is such a metaphor in "A Happy Tour in Zhuangzi": "The mountain shot by the ancients is inhabited, its skin is like ice and snow, and it is graceful like a virgin. If you immerse yourself in the sky, you won't be drowned. If there is drought, you will see the golden stone flow, and the earth mountain is burnt but not hot. " This metaphor describes a high degree of achievement. It is said that there is a Taoist real person on the mountain photographed in the past. His skin is as white as ice and snow, and his figure is as beautiful as a virgin. The flood will not be submerged, and the drought will melt the stones and scorch the earth mountain, but he will not be hurt. -this actually expresses an ethics of Taoist spirit self-protection. In addition, "Zhuangzi Health Master" also tells the story of a cow expert: "This knife has been used for nearly 19 years, and thousands of cows have been solved. The blade is as new." This is about self-cultivation. There is also a story in "Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour": "There is a fish named Kun in the northern Ming Dynasty, which is so big that I don't know how many miles; Adult bird, whose name is Peng, Peng's back, knows thousands of miles; Fly away angrily, its wings hang in the sky like clouds. It's a bird, and shipping will migrate to Nanming. Nanmingdong, Tianchi also. " This lofty, bold, far-reaching, broad-minded story of self-cultivation and imagination is also told a lot in Zhuangzi. Su Shi read Zhuangzi when he was a child. He said: "I have seen something, but I can't say it." Now I see a book that won my heart. " (Songshi Su Shichuan) What he means is that he has some unspeakable thoughts in his heart. Now I am reading Zhuangzi, and I find that Zhuangzi has just expressed his thoughts, which is very wonderful. It shows that perilla was as wise as Buddhism said when she was a child, and told Taoism that the essence had early enlightenment. When Su Shi was a child, he was able to integrate the best personality and cultivation of Confucianism and Taoism into his own cultivation, which was an important factor for Su Shi's success.

Through the previous analysis, we will have a deeper understanding of Su Shi's two attitudes towards life:

Su Shi has two attitudes towards life: he takes a detached and broad-minded attitude towards his own sufferings and setbacks, as he himself said: "It is no good to lose your life if you lose your evidence." Loyalty and love for the country and people have always been persistent and have not changed. So as long as he returns to the imperial court, he should say what righteousness is, and still say it. After all the hardships, he is still so loyal and straightforward. When the demoted officials are away, they try their best to do practical things for the people. Known as "Su Xianneng" by Fengxiang people, he saved the dense drought, the flood in Xuzhou, the West Lake in Hangzhou, the bridge in Huizhou and the hospitals and schools in Danzhou. He tries his best to do practical things for the people, and he has an excellent political voice everywhere he goes. Suffering created Su Shi's great personality.

Third, Su Shi's poems

Talking about Su Shi's poems without mentioning them is like going to Hangzhou without seeing the West Lake.

(A) Su Shi's poems

In Su Shi's literary creation, the number of poems is the largest. Among the existing poems, the poems with the largest number and the highest artistic value express personal feelings and praise natural scenery.

Su Shi's poems praising natural scenery can often make ordinary scenery exquisite and touching, full of interest or truth. Such as "Night Scene by Huichong River" and "Rain after Drinking Chu Qing in the Lake", the lakes and mountains in the south of the Yangtze River, the graceful rain state and the pictures in early spring are all wonderful and have endless feelings. On the other hand, the title of Xilinbi raises a question with profound philosophical significance by looking at the mountains. It warns people that due to different viewpoints and positions, the starting point of the problem is different, and the understanding of objective things is inevitably one-sided. To have a correct and comprehensive understanding of things, we must go beyond our narrow scope and get rid of personal prejudice. It also inspires people to think about the relationship between the whole and the part, macro and micro, analysis and synthesis in the process of understanding complex things, and to be wary of the fact that "the authorities are fascinated and the bystanders are clear" in the process of exploring truth. This fascinating scenery in Su Shi's poems is integrated with thought-provoking poems, which is the so-called "rational interest" in Song poetry.

Reflecting social reality and caring about people's sufferings is another main content of Su Shi's poems. Su Shi is a poet who is interested in helping the world. Born in the cold plain, he was demoted to the lower class after becoming an official, which provided a foundation for him to write such poems. Poems such as Wu Zhong Tian Cai Tan all reflect this spirit.

Su Shi also often uses historical themes to expose the shortcomings of real politics. Litchi Tan is a famous poem of this kind. It shows the poet's spirit of daring to struggle.

Su Shi's poems are characterized by prose and discussion style. He can dye all kinds of subjects just right, and they are all in harmony.

Su Shi's prose, together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu, is called "Han is like a tide, Liu is like a spring." Ou Ruhan, Su Ruhai ".

Su Shi's essays include recitation, strategy, explanation and miscellaneous comments, among which historical comments and political comments are the most important. One of the representative articles, Teaching Warfare and Keeping Tactics, is an article prepared for danger in times of peace. According to the present situation of Gouan in the Northern Song Dynasty, the author puts forward the tactics of fighting and defending, and points out the current disadvantages very pertinently.

Su Shi's narratives include biographies of steles, travel notes of mountains and rivers, stories of pavilions and pavilions, etc. Although the number is small, it has the highest artistic value and the greatest originality in Su Wen. The representative works of epitaph biography are Fangshan Zi Biography and Liu Shuting Biography. Shi Zhongshan is a travel note with the nature of scientific investigation. It is organized in written form, aiming to explore the reasons for Shi Zhongshan's name and to explain that "you can judge whether something exists without looking?"

Essays also play an important role in Su Shi's prose. A large number, high artistic achievements, it includes prose, preface and postscript, letters, essays and so on. Most of these articles are handwritten, showing the author's mind and personality, full of charm and interest. Such as "the rest of the day."

Su Shi's Fu is the most famous before and after the Red Wall Fu. "Fu on the Former Red Cliff" is about boating on the Red Cliff with friends on the autumn night of the moon, and exploring the philosophy of life and the universe through the scenery in the moonlight. Although it has some negative emotions, it mainly expresses detached attitude towards life and optimistic feelings. The author of "Fu on the Red Wall" climbed the mountain scenery in the east, and showed a detached elegance in the cool breeze, bright moon and fairy roaming. The two poems are excellent works of prose in the Song Dynasty, which have the characteristics of parallel language, sonorous sound and harmony, and natural questions and answers between subject and object.

(B) Su Shi's Ci

Su Shi has a special position in the history of China Ci. His ci has made new breakthroughs in theme, style, artistic conception and language rhythm. He extended the achievements of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty to the field of Ci poetry, and initiated a new stage of Ci poetry creation.

Su Shi's contribution to Ci lies in improving his understanding and evaluation of Ci. He broke the artificial boundary between poetry and others, making poetry a truly independent lyric poem.

In terms of subject matter, Su Shi led the poet's vision from the traditional "flower room" and "respect for the former" to human society, and even got the evaluation of "unintentional, speechless". Among the numerous themes of Su Ci, lyric ci, object-chanting ci and pastoral ci have the highest achievements.

As far as lyric poetry is concerned, in addition to the traditional romantic tenderness, Su Shi boldly developed and gradually turned the style of lyric poetry into a tool for literati to express their feelings and feelings. He used words to express himself, directly expressing his politics, patriotism, homesickness and even extensive human relations. For example, "Spring Scenery in the Garden" (Lonely Pavilion Lantern) expresses the political ambitions of "being a gentleman and being flexible" and "using the house and time". "Jiangchengzi" (the old man talks about juvenile madness) is about the grand occasion of hunting in Mizhou, expressing patriotic feelings. Among them, there is another mourning work by Wang Fu, the beloved wife of the poet's fourth grandmother. That is, "ten years of life and death are two boundless ……", and they express their grief with dreams. Their true feelings are sincere and heartbreaking.

There are more than 30 poems about objects, which are artistically exquisite, emphasizing both the description of similar shapes and the description of spiritual likeness. They can not only write things, but also write sustenance. Such as "hidden water dragon" (like a flower is not a flower).

Su Shi's pastoral poems are a breakthrough in the theme of Song Ci. He wrote five poems "Huanxisha" in Xuzhou, describing rural scenery, farmers' image, working life and rural customs, just like a fresh and beautiful pastoral.

In terms of ci style, Su Shi created a bold artistic conception. The most representative is Nian Nujiao (river of no return, the waves are exhausted), where the poet depicts the magnificent scenery of mountains and rivers, controls infinite time and space, praises the great achievements of ancient heroes, laments his talents and regrets the depression of heroes.

Su Shi also created broad-minded ci. The so-called broad-minded, refers to an open-minded, unrestrained, unconventional, optimistic and cheerful creative personality. Broad-minded is Su Shi's personality characteristic, and there are many broad-minded words in Su Ci, so broad-minded words can be called the main style of Su Ci. Such as "Water Tune Song Tou" (when is the bright moon). This word is all about the moon, but it is related to personnel everywhere. The poet seems to talk to the moon, explore the meaning of life, and finally get comfort from nature, get rid of the distress of life, and realize the openness of mind. There are also words like dialing against the wind (don't listen to the leaves in the forest).

Su Shi's traditional graceful words are also well-made. Such as "hidden water dragons" (like flowers that are not flowers) and "butterfly flowers" (flowers that are small and red and apricot).

Su Shi is also innovative in language and temperament. Su Ci's language is fresh, simple, concise and fluent, unlike Liu Ci's vulgarity or Huajian Ci's richness, but it is good at comeliness. In intonation, he introduced many generous and unrestrained tunes. Such as Qinyuanchun, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Mink Head, He Xinlang, etc.

In short, Su Shi finally made a generation of literary giants with Su Shi's attitude!

Sushi's anecdotes

Fan Pang was born ten years ago. His father traveled around the world alone, and his mother gave him a book to understand the success or failure of ancient and modern times, so he could speak his mind. After reading the biography in the Eastern Han Dynasty, I was relieved and asked, "If I am a poet, will my mother allow me?" Shi Cheng said, "You can be a mother, but I can't be a mother?" (Su Shichuan in Song Dynasty)

Wen Jing Ou Gongjia spent two years trying the ritual department. Fang Shiwen's strange defects prevailed, and Ouyang Hughes, the master, was able to save him. He got the book On Punishment and Loyalty, which was a surprise. He wanted to be crowned a scholar, but he hesitated about what his guest Ceng Gong did, but put it in the second place. He ranked first in Spring and Autumn Annals, followed by palace examination's B grade, and then revised it with books. Mei Yu Sheng said, "I should avoid it. The listener was very tired at first, but he soon became convinced. (Su Shichuan in Song Dynasty)

Why use Dongpo's Theory of Loyalty and Forgiveness to say "kill the third son" and Yao said "kill the third son"? May Yu Sheng is a small test officer who shows to the European public. The public said, "What book is this?" Yu Sheng said, "Why the source! "When he opened the list and saw Dongpo's name, Ou Gong said," This Lang must have something to prove. " And thank you, the first question, Dongpo also said: "Why from the source! "Combined with Yu Sheng. Reward its heroism. (Tales of Song People)

When the famous Juzi (Dongpo) first moved to the capital, there were many participants at the same time. Guo Xiang Han Wei Gong Yu said, "Sur is here, and everyone dares to compete with it. Why? " Now that this language has spread, those who leave without trying will be covered ten times. (Tales of Song People)

The veteran has a good understanding of the east slope of Yutang. One day, they read Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu several times, and every time they read it, they sighed until late at night. There are two old soldiers, both from Shaanxi, who have been sitting for a long time and are suffering. A man sighed and said to Cao, "I know it's good for him, but I won't sleep after a long cold night." After a series of grievances, one of them said, "There are also two good sentences." The man was furious and said, "What's it to you?" He said, "I love him and say,' Everyone in the world dares to speak and be angry'. Uncle will lie down and listen and tell you tomorrow. Dongpo said with a smile, "This man has an eye, too." "("Tales of Song People ")

At first, I wanted to ask Dongpo about the method of composition. Poe said, "For example, if you grow something in the city, you want to use it for me. If you have one thing, you can say it is money. Get the money and use everything. " If the composition is intentional first, then history will be used by me. "("Tales of Song People ")

Dongpo, who is happy all his life, said: "There is no happiness in a certain life, but when writing an article, the pen is tortuous and arbitrary." I claim that there is nothing more pleasant in the world. "("Tales of Song People ")

Huang Lu directly played Dongpo, saying, "The book of the right army was the book of changing geese. Han Zongru is very greedy recently. Every time I get a post, I change a few pounds of mutton at Yao Lin's house, which is called a book for changing sheep. " Gong was in Hanyuan, and one day he lived in Confucianism and sent a letter for the newspaper. The visitor was in a hurry, and the crowd laughed and said, "Send a message to the official and behead him today." (Tales of Song People)

Respondent: netizen with no net name-Tong Jinshi was born in grade 7, 9-28 2 1: 18.

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Su Dongpo, Su Shi (A.D.1037-110/), was born in Meishan, Sichuan. Together with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe, he was called "Su San". When I was young, I learned a lot about classics and history, Jia? In the second year (AD 1057), he was praised by Ouyang Xiu and became famous in the capital. However, in the fierce political reform movement in the Northern Song Dynasty and the political whirlpool of the struggle between the old and the new parties, he was demoted to Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou many times and finally died in Changzhou.

Su Dongpo left more than 2,700 poems, more than 300 words and voluminous prose. He is one of the writers with the largest number of works and the best quality in China. He has also made great achievements in calligraphy, painting, diet, medicine and Zen.

Responder: Yang Dong-Magic Apprentice Level 1 9-30 00:08

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Su Shi (1037-1101) was born in Meishan, Sichuan. A famous politician, writer, poet, painter and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".

Su Shi experienced five dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen, Zhezong and Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he first entered the official career, it was the time when the political and social crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty began to be exposed and the voice of scholar-bureaucrat reform was rising day by day. During the reign of Xining in Song Shenzong, Wang Anshi promoted the new law, hoping to change the situation of poverty and weakness in the Song Dynasty. Although Su Shi advocated reform, opposed conformism and restrained strongmen, he did not agree with Wang Anshi's theory of political reform. Su Shi thought that "haste makes waste" and suggested that the emperor of Zongshen's special policy should not "seek medical treatment too quickly, pay too much tax on people and talk too much". Because of these opinions and suggestions of reformists

Objection, Su Shi was forced to transfer to other places, first sentenced to Hangzhou, and then served as the prefect of Mizhou and Xuzhou Huzhou. He is an official place, pays attention to understanding people's feelings and cares about people's production and life. Wherever he goes, he is supported and loved by the people.

Su Shi was the leader of the ancient prose movement in the Song Dynasty after Ouyang Xiu, and his prose works remained at around 4,000. His great contribution lies in establishing a stable and mature prose style with Ouyang Xiu, who is called "Ou Su" by the world. His poems are fresh and natural, new here, seemingly handy, harmonious, ingenious and clumsy, with a wide range of themes, rich content and diverse styles, which is a symbol of the maturity of Song poetry. His representative works:>,< Haitang >>,< titled Xilin Wall > ,<& lt Hui Chong Chunjiang Night Scene >>,< Go to Liu Jingwen >>,< Spring Night >>,< Litchi Sigh >> and so on. Su Shi's ci has made bold development and innovation in subject matter, artistic conception, style, language and skills, and is called "Su Xin" ci school together with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, creating a generation of bold ci style. His representative work is >; ,<& lt ginger. Yi Mao's Diary "Dream on the 20th of the First Month" 〉& gt；; ,<& lt> (Don't listen to the leaves in the forest), << operator >>. (There is no moon to hang sparse tung). & gt wait. Su Shi was a famous calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, and he was also called "Four Great Calligraphers" with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang. Su Shi was a famous painter in Song Dynasty and one of the founders of Huzhou Zhu Mo School. Su Shi is good at painting dead wood, silk and bamboo, as well as figures, flowers and birds, especially Buddha statues. The ink bamboo he painted is clear and powerful, which makes people overwhelmed. If the wood dies, the bamboo breaks the mountain, and it is straight.

Su Shi is Confucian-oriented, able to learn from Buddhism and Taoism, serve Confucianism without pedantry, be good at Taoism without being tired of the world, and participate in Zen without jealousy. When you are rich, you are neither arrogant nor impetuous, nor lazy or unhappy. In the face of adversity, I can take things as they are, and insist on the pursuit of life and good things with an optimistic and free-spirited attitude. Therefore, Su Shi can realize the transformation from real life to artistic life, and turn his rough situation into a life full of artistic aesthetic interest, which is reflected in his colorful literary and artistic creation.

Su Shi

Su Shi (1037-11year), a native of Meishan, Sichuan Province, was an outstanding writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was also called "Three Sus" with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe. Su Shi was already a scholar at the age of twenty-one. During the Zongshen period, he worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Huangzhou was demoted as an assistant of Yong Tuan because of the Wutai Poetry Case. After more than four years in Huangzhou, he cultivated land in Dongpo, hence the name "Dongpo lay man". After Zhezong acceded to the throne, he successively served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of rites, and was well known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In his later years, he was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north, died in Changzhou on the way, and was buried in jia county, Henan Province, chasing Wen Zhonggong.

During his tenure as local governor, Su Shi cared about the sufferings of the people and did many good deeds to benefit the people, which was deeply supported by the people. Su Shi is a well-read essayist and one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His literary works mark the highest achievement of literary creation in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Shi is a famous poet, and he is also called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian, a famous poet in Song Dynasty. Su Shi, an outstanding poet, created a bold style of ci, and was called "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji, which had a great influence on later generations. Su Shi is a famous calligrapher. He, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called "Song Sijia". Su Shi is also a famous painter. In addition, important achievements have been made in irrigation and water conservancy, education, music, medicine, mathematics, epigraphy, aesthetics, cooking and so on.

Su Shi (1037-1101)

Zi Yue Zhan was born in Meishan (now meishan county, Sichuan). He was an outstanding poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He not only opposed Wang Anshi's radical reform measures, but also disagreed with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was rejected by the old and new parties and his career was very bumpy. He was born in Jing You for three years and worked as a scholar in Jia You for two years. I have been a scholar in Duanmingtang, a scholar in Hanlin and an official.