? The early period should be the pioneering period of the Qing Dynasty: from Nurhachi to Fu Lin (1616-161).
? Mid-term: Kangxi Yongzheng Qianlong Jiaqing (1661-1820)?
? Later period: Daoguang Xianfeng tongzhi Guangxu Xuan Tong (1820—1911).
? The Qing Dynasty (1636- 19 12) was the second unified political power established by ethnic minorities in the history of China and the last feudal monarchy in China. There were twelve emperors and the country lasted for 267 years.
? 16 16 years, Nuerhachi, the leader of the Jurchen Department of Jianzhou, established the late Jin Dynasty. 1636, Huang taiji changed his country name to Daqing. 1644, Li Zicheng led Dashun Army to capture Beijing, the capital of Ming Dynasty. After the Stone War, the Qing army took advantage of the situation to enter the customs, politically promoted shaving and changing clothes, militarily attacked the peasant army and the Nanming regime, and gradually controlled the whole country. After three dynasties in Kang Yong, it reached its peak. During this period, the multi-ethnic unified country was consolidated, which basically laid the territory of China, and at the same time, the absolute monarchy reached its peak.
? In the middle and late Qing dynasty, due to political rigidity, cultural autocracy, closed doors and stagnant thoughts, it gradually fell behind the world. 1840 The Opium War broke out between China and Britain and was invaded by foreign powers, resulting in serious loss of sovereignty and territory. After the Second Opium War, the exploration of modernization began, and the landlord class carried out the Westernization Movement. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the national crisis deepened further, and the reformists headed by Kang Liang began to carry out the Reform Movement of 1898, but the reform failed. /kloc-in the summer of 0/900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, suppressed the Boxer Rebellion and safeguarded its interests in China. The Qing Dynasty was reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. 19 1 1 year, the revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing dynasty collapsed. 19 12, the Qing emperor was forced to abdicate. From then on, the feudal monarchy of China for more than two thousand years ended.