Zhang Xiao
Recently, the waters near Diaoyu Island, China's inherent territory, have started to make waves again. It is reported that on March 24th, seven Japanese citizens boarded the Diaoyu Islands belonging to China, but they were illegally detained by the Japanese side and were treated inhumanely during their illegal detention. Over the years, the Japanese have repeatedly violated China's sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands. This incident not only seriously violated the territorial sovereignty of China, but also seriously violated the human rights of China citizens. After repeated representations by the relevant departments of the Japanese government, China finally released seven Japanese citizens illegally detained by it on the evening of March 26th. China's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Kong Quan pointed out that Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands have been China's inherent territory since ancient times, and China has indisputable historical and legal sovereignty over these islands.
Has always been the territory of China.
Diaoyu Island, located in the East China Sea about 92 nautical miles northeast of Keelung City, Taiwan Province Province, China, is an affiliated island of Taiwan Province Province, China. It is mainly composed of Diaoyu Island, Huangweiyu, chiwei yu, South Island, North Island and some island reefs. The total area of Diaoyu Island is about 6.3 square kilometers, of which Diaoyu Island is the largest, with an area of 4.3 square kilometers.
Since ancient times, China has indisputable sovereignty over Diaoyu Island and its adjacent waters. As early as the Ming Dynasty, there were historical documents about Diaoyu Island in China. Japan claims that Diaoyu Island is under the jurisdiction of Okinawa Prefecture, but Okinawa Prefecture of Japan was an independent Ryukyu State about 125 years ago. 187 1 Before the Japanese annexed Ryukyu in, China and Ryukyu had a history of friendly exchanges of about 500 years, and Diaoyu Island and other islands were first discovered and named. In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), there was a record of "fishing for an island" in the book Farewell with the Wind. China began to send envoys from Ming Taizu to Ryukyu, that is, the envoys who specially conferred the Ryukyu King on behalf of the China government at that time. The Coastal Sand Map compiled by Hu Zongxian, Governor of Zhejiang Province in the Ming Dynasty, on 1562 marked the coastal islands in Luoyuan County and Ningde County, Fujian Province, China, including Diaoyu Island, Huangwei Mountain and Chiyu Island.
The earliest written record of Diaoyu Island in Japan is the attached map of "Thirty-six Islands in Three Ryukyu Provinces" written by Lin Shiping in 785/kloc-0. But he is also based on the biography of Zhongshan written by Xu Baoguang, the special envoy of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty in China, which also uses Diaoyutai in China as the island name and marks the Diaoyu Islands as reddish as Fujian and Zhejiang in China. 17 19, in the book Chronicle of South Island written by Japanese scholar Junei Noi, it was mentioned that there are 36 islands under the jurisdiction of Ryukyu, among which there is no Diaoyu Island. There is no Diaoyu Island in the Complete Map of Japan Corrected by Prefectures published by 1875. Even in 1879, when Li Hongzhang, China's minister of Beiyang in the Qing Dynasty, negotiated with Japan on the ownership of Ryukyu, China and Japan still confirmed that Ryukyu was composed of 36 islands, excluding Diaoyu Island and other islands at all.
The earliest "discovery" of Diaoyu Island in Japan was 1884 after Japan annexed Ryukyu and changed the Ryukyu country to "Okinawa Prefecture", which was about 500 years later than the earliest island records in China literature. According to Japanese historical records, in 1884, Koga Shiro, a native of Fukuoka, Japan, discovered that there were a large number of albatrosses living on "Jiuchang Island" (Huangwei Island) which could be sold to Europe, so in 1885, the Okinawa prefectural government ordered it to be allowed to be developed, and set up a sign on the island, which read "Huangwei Island Koga Reclaimed Land". Based on this, the Japanese government called Diaoyu Island "no land". This is totally inconsistent with the historical truth and a distortion of history.
1944, Roosevelt said to Stalin: "Stalin is familiar with the history of Ryukyu, and he totally agrees that Ryukyu belongs to China and should be returned to China." 1July, 945, on the eve of Japan's surrender, China, Britain and the United States issued the Postan Proclamation, which stipulated that Japan's main authority was limited to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku.
Japan is ambitious.
Diaoyu Island, located on the eastern edge of the continental shelf in the East China Sea of China, is difficult to mark on the map. Why does Japan have to covet this small island belonging to China, and it is far from its own island? Public opinion believes that there are two reasons. First, the strategic location of Diaoyu Island is important. After the end of the Cold War, Japan accelerated its steps towards becoming a political power, trying to play a greater role in international politics and have more say. Due to the political need to become a military power, Japan attaches great importance to the extremely important strategic position of Diaoyu Island. If the Japanese occupy the Diaoyu Islands, they can set up sea and air surveillance and reconnaissance equipment and shore-based anti-ship and air-to-air missiles on the island, thus easily blocking the important ports and air passages in northern Taiwan Province Province. If the radar is installed on Diaoyu Island, it can monitor the sea area and airspace of Fiona Fang from 400 km to 600 km, and its range can reach the northern part of Taiwan Province Province, Fuzhou, Wenzhou, Ningbo and other large areas along the mainland. In this way, every move of China's army is likely to be grasped by the Japanese in time. If China builds a military base or deploys heavy weapons on the Diaoyu Islands, it will pose a serious threat to's national defense security.
The second is to obtain the resources of the Diaoyu Islands. According to the stipulation in the International Convention on the Law of the Sea published by the United Nations 1992 that "sovereign countries take the sea area within 200 nautical miles as their exclusive economic zone", the actual value of Diaoyu Island is the huge sea area with a radius of 200 nautical miles and the marine resources such as seabed oil, minerals and marine fisheries in the surrounding waters, as well as the transportation rights and potential resources in the territorial sea and airspace, which should belong to sovereign countries. If Japan invades the Diaoyu Islands, it means that 740,000 square kilometers of China East Sea will be stolen by Japan. At the same time, the rich oil and gas in Diaoyu Island will also be occupied by Japan.
American background
Diaoyu Island is the undisputed territory of China. However, after World War II, Japan entrusted the Diaoyu Islands to the United States, and in 197 1, the United States entrusted the Diaoyu Islands to Japan. Since then, the American factor in the Diaoyu Islands storm has been flickering. In the 1970s, the United States was forced to take back its position and admit that Japan did not have sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands due to the surge of the fishing protection movement. However, it is reported that the United States later privately recognized Japan's sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands, which directly led to Japan's elaborate large-scale development of the Diaoyu Islands. Washington not only approved Japan's development plan, but also personally drafted several plans for Tokyo to strengthen Japan's declaration of sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands, including sending American troops to the Diaoyu Islands. In recent years, behind the disputes between China and its maritime neighbors, the United States has become more and more visible. On the Diaoyu Islands issue, the United States is not only not satisfied with stationing troops in Okinawa, but also plans to extend its military strength to the Diaoyu Islands, which will not only interfere with China's actions to safeguard the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands, but also make its military "island chain" in the western Pacific more closely constructed and put pressure on the Taiwan Province Strait.
There are two factors in the United States' involvement in the Diaoyu Islands: "Japan's desire" and "America's commitment". In order to gain more chips with China in the Diaoyu Islands sovereignty dispute, Japan has always hoped that the United States will intervene; Although the United States expects to find opportunities to realize its Asian strategy through cooperation with Japan, it still hopes to leave room for some sensitive and specific issues.
"shelve disputes and jointly develop"
China and Japan have different opinions on the Diaoyu Islands issue. Proceeding from the development of Sino-Japanese relations, the Japanese government reached an understanding on the day of the negotiations on the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan, leaving this issue to be solved later. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out in1October 25th1978 10 that it is wise to put the overall situation first on the Diaoyu Islands issue, and there is no need to put such issues aside. Our generation is not smart enough, and our next generation is always smarter than us, and will always find a good solution acceptable to everyone. 1979 On May 3 1, Comrade Deng Xiaoping also stressed that we can consider jointly developing the resources near the Diaoyu Islands when meeting with Zeng Gen Suzuki, a member of the Liberal Democratic Party who is visiting China. In June of the same year, the China government formally put forward the idea of jointly developing the resources near the Diaoyu Islands to Japan through diplomatic channels, and made it clear publicly for the first time that China was willing to solve the territorial and maritime rights and interests disputes with neighboring countries by "shelving disputes and jointly developing".
The basic meaning of "shelving disputes and jointly developing" is that sovereignty belongs to me first; Second, territorial disputes can be shelved if they are not completely resolved. Shelving disputes is not giving up sovereignty, but putting disputes aside first; Third, jointly develop some disputed territories; Fourth, the purpose of joint development is to enhance mutual understanding through cooperation and create conditions for the final and reasonable settlement of sovereignty issues.
The dispute over the territorial sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands between China and Japan could have been handled through frank, calm and pragmatic consultations between governments, but the Japanese side has repeatedly created troubles and tried to incorporate Japanese territory into the Japanese territory, which is totally unacceptable to the Japanese people. ■