Among the reigning kings of European monarchies, there are three queens: Queen Elizabeth II, beatrix wilhelmina armgard Bitrix and Danish Queen Margrethe II.

The first female president in the world was Argentine Isabel Perón, who served from July 1974 to March 24th 1976. She was 43 when she took office.

The second female president in the world is also in South America, that is, Mrs. Lidya Geller tejada of Bolivia. Her term of office was from1979165438+10/7 to1980 July 18.

The first directly elected female president in the world and the first female president in Europe were vigdis finnbogadottir of Iceland. He was in office from August 1980 to August 1996. He was elected at the age of 50 and was re-elected for four terms.

The second female president in Europe is Agatha Barbara of Malta, who served from 1982 to 1987. Mrs Corazon Aquino was 59 when she was elected.

The first female president in Asia was Mrs. Corazon Aquino of the Philippines, who was in office from February 25, 1986 to June 30, 1992. She was 53 years old when she was elected.

The second female president in Asia is Sri Lankan Lady chandrika bandaranaike kumaratunga. In the general election held on1October 9th, 1994+ 165438, Mrs Kumaratunga was elected as the president of Sri Lanka, becoming the first female president in the country's history. 199965438+In February, she was re-elected in the presidential election. He was 49 when he was elected.

The first female president in North America was Mrs. Herta Pascal TeRoelof of Haiti. She was 47 years old when she took office from1March 1990 13 to 199 1 February 7.

The first female president in Eastern Europe was Mrs. sabine Bergman Poole of the former East Germany, who was in office from1April 5, 990 to 10/0/October 2, when she was elected at the age of 44.

The second female president in Eastern Europe is Mrs. Vaira Vike Freiberga of Latvia, who was elected as the first female president in the history of Latvia in June 1999. On June 20, 2007, he was re-elected as president in the parliamentary secret ballot election. 6 1 year-old at the time of election.

The first female president elected in North America was Nicaraguan Mrs. violeta barrios de Chamorro,/KLOC-0, who was in office from April 25th, 1990 to June 5438+0997, at the age of 59.

Mrs mary robinson, the first Irish woman president, was in office from February 3 to September 2, 1990. Mrs mary robinson was 46 when she was elected.

Mrs mary mcaleese, the second Irish woman president, is the only president in the world who knows knitting skills. 1997165438+1October 1 1 has served so far and was elected at the age of 46. With her talent and high prestige among the people, she became the elected president of Ireland.

The first female president in Africa was Mrs Sylvie Kinnicki of Burundi, who was in office for 1993/kloc-0 from October 27th to February 5th and was 4 1 year old when she took office.

The second female president in Africa was Mrs Ruth Santo Perry of Liberia, who served from1September 3, 1996 to1August 2, 1997 at the age of 57.

Rosalia Arbeaga, Ecuador's first female president, took office from February 9, 1997 to February 9, 1997 at the age of 40. She is the female president with the shortest serving time.

Janet jagan, the first female president of Guyana, was the oldest female president from 1997 19 February to1August 9991month.

Ruth Dreyfus, the first Swiss federal president, was 60 years old when she took office from 199 1 to 199 1.

Mrs mireya Moscoso was the first woman president of Panama, whose term of office was September 2004 1999. Mrs mireya Moscoso was 53 when she took office.

Tarja AnnaKarina Halonen is the first female president in Finland. She took office on March 1 2000 and was elected at the age of 56.

2 1 The first female president in the 20th century was Mrs. gloria macapagal arroyo, who took office from 200 1, 1 and was 53 years old when she took office.

Megawati Soekarno Putri, the first Indonesian woman president, took office on July 23rd, 20001,at the age of 54.

June 5438+1October 65438+May 2006, Bachelet took part in the general election as the presidential candidate of Chile's ruling Coalition and won, becoming the first female president in Chile's history. In March of the same year 1 1 was sworn in for a term of four years.

Johnson Sirleaf, female president of Liberia, took office in 2006 10.

July 2, 20071day is a landmark day in the modern history of India and the history of women's movement. On the same day, the Election Commission of India announced that Pratibha Patil, the candidate elected by the ruling coalition led by the Congress Party, won the election in the first13rd presidential election of India voted two days ago, becoming the first female president in India's 60 years of independence.

2007 12 10 Argentine President-elect Cristina Fernandez was sworn in in the Argentine Parliament, becoming the first elected female president in Argentine history. In the first round of voting in the Argentine presidential election held on128 of the same year, 10, Christina won more than 45% of the votes, defeating many campaign opponents to win.

The new Lithuanian President Dalya Grybauskaite was sworn in on July 6th, 2009. The 53-year-old Grybauskaite won the new Lithuanian presidential election in May this year, becoming the first female president in the country's history.

Brazil's Supreme Electoral Court announced on the evening of 20110/kloc-31that, according to the counted 93.25% of the votes, dilma rousseff, a candidate from the ruling Labor Party, won 55.43% of the votes and was successfully elected as the first female president in Brazil's general election history.

201212 On February 20th, park geun-hye, candidate of the New National Party of South Korea, was finally elected as the president of South Korea with the support rate of 5 1.56%, becoming the first female president in Korean history. He was 60 years old when he was elected.

Among the reigning kings of European monarchies, there are three queens: Queen Elizabeth II, beatrix wilhelmina armgard Bitrix and Danish Queen Margrethe II. None of them is the first queen in the history of their country. In the history of Europe, whether in ancient Greece, ancient Rome or medieval chivalry, the titles of "emperor" and "king" have always been the patent of men, and only the Eastern Roman Empire has produced several female emperors with little influence. But since the14th century, one queen (emperor) has appeared intermittently in one country after another, and up to now, there are thirty in total. (According to statistics, there are 6 in Britain, 4 in Russia, 3 in the Netherlands, 2 in Luxembourg, 3 in Spain, 2 in Portugal, 2 in Sweden, 2 in Denmark, 2 in Austria 1, 0 in Poland 1, and 0 in Hungary 1. Now there have been queens in merged countries such as Scotland, Navarra and Naples (although some female emperors are strict). Thirty or so emperors are just a little red man among the vast number of emperors in Europe, but they not only wrote more colorful European history, but also left a lasting legacy in the history books. On the whole, the performance of Queen Ou is not bad. These include Margaret I of Denmark (reigned at 1387- 14 12), Elizabeth I of Britain (reigned at 1558- 1603) and IsabelI of Spain (reigned at1603). Russia's Ekaterina II (reigned 1762- 1796) and Austria's Maria Tracy (reigned 1740- 1780) are regarded by Chinese historians as one of the most outstanding emperors in their own history. Other queens are basically in the upper-middle or lower-middle position, and few people are dissolute and have no way to ruin the country and the people. The only queen who was overthrown was Isabel Ii of Spain (the reign time was 183 1- 1868), but it was her grandfather and father who plunged the country into hot water, and she didn't have much responsibility. There are only two ways for them to ascend to the throne: from princess to queen, and from queen to queen. As a queen, after the death of the king's husband, the heir was still young or there was no suitable heir, so she stepped into the center of the power stage and then ascended the throne, which is common in the history of all countries in the world. In Europe, two Russian yekaterina are typical representatives. But what is more European is the situation from princess to queen. Empresses in European history mostly belong to this category. After the accession to the throne, in addition to personally leading troops to fight, he can basically undertake the affairs that a male king can undertake. However, after17th century, it has become less and less common for kings to lead troops to fight in person, so it is not necessarily a serious problem. How to distribute the power between the queen and her husband after marriage is also a problem. There are quite a few queens who give the main kingship to their husbands or even give up the throne after marriage, such as Queen Christina Airiau Nora. Some queens can hold their husbands and the whole country firmly in their own hands after marriage, such as Maria Tracy, Queen of Austria. What's more, some queens choose not to marry for life to ensure their power, such as Queen Elizabeth I of Britain and Queen Yeli Savita of Russia.