It is recorded in Notes on Ancient and Modern China: "The white front is like a flower, and the natives in the western regions are dyed. It is called Xu Changqing, and China people call it red and blue powder. " There is another saying that in 139 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions. The trip to Zhang Qian not only strengthened the ties between the Han Dynasty and other countries in the Western Regions, but also brought back a large number of foreign cultures and national customs, including rouge. Judging from these two statements, rouge should have originated from Xiongnu and then spread to Han. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Gu came back from his mission to the Western Regions and said, "The famous wife of Xiongnu said she was as lovely as Yan Zhi." Now there is also Rouge Mountain or Rouge Mountain between Yongchang County and Shandan County in Gansu Province. I wonder if it's a name handed down from ancient times to the present.
Rouge is made by picking the whole red and blue flowers when they are in full bloom, and then pestling them repeatedly in a stone bowl. The petals of red and blue flowers contain red and yellow pigments, which turn into bright rouge after washing away the yellow. In addition, the ancient medical books in China recorded the raw materials that can be used to make rouge, such as sunflower, crimson, black bean skin, pomegranate, mountain flower and Su Fang wood. From which natural red pigment can be extracted to make rouge. Of course, the rouge at this time is not the earliest rouge, but the reference of all red makeup.
There is a passage in a dream of red mansions: "Baoyu laughs:' The rouge sold in the shop is not clean and the color is thin. This is the best rouge made of fruit juice, clean and steamed with flower dew. As long as you pick a small hair clasp and put it on your lips, that's enough; After melting with a little water, rub it in your palm and pat your face. "Pinger dressed as she said, and the fruit was bright and abnormal, and her cheeks were sweet and fragrant." It can be seen that the practice of rouge is constantly improving, just like other cosmetics. According to the record of Imperial Cigarettes Xialu, the rouge used by Cixi is the collected rose petals, which are slowly pounded into thick paste with a clean stone mortar, and the juice is filtered with spun yarn, and then the freshly rolled silk is cut into the size of a rouge jar, soaked in flower juice, and then taken out to dry, which becomes a good rouge.
"Beauty makeup, powder on the face, swallow dizzy in the palm, cheek. Thick is wine halo, shallow is peach blossom makeup; Bo Tu Zhu, covered with powder, makes up for it. " From the description of women's makeup in The Dressing Table, we can see the importance of rouge to women's red makeup. Wang Jia of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote in the Collection of Notes. The seventh volume "Wei Wendi beauty Xue Lingyun, bid farewell to parents into the palace, all the way to tears. When she arrived in the capital, the tears in the pot solidified like blood. These red tears must be due to the rouge on her face. Rouge was particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. For example, there is a saying in Tang poetry that "three thousand maids face rouge", and there is a saying in Wang Jian Palace's ci that "wash your face when you go back to the hospital, and pour red mud in the golden basin." It's about a maid-in-waiting, whose washbasin looks like a layer of red mud after washing. Wang Renyu's "The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao" records: "Every time the imperial concubine goes to Xia Yue, she always puts on a light coat so that the attendants can make a fan blow, but she still can't understand its heat. Every time there is sweat, it is red, greasy and fragrant, or it is put on a towel, and the color is like powder. " It is said that Yang Guifei's red makeup is so heavy that even her handkerchief for wiping sweat is dyed red. Although the statement is somewhat exaggerated, it somewhat reflects the wind of heavy makeup at that time, which is also confirmed by the colorful sculptures and murals unearthed in the Tang Dynasty in modern times.
What I said above is facial fat, and oral fat has always been valued. Song Yu's "Shen Fu" in the Warring States Period wrote: "The eyes are fine and bright, and the blue is considerable." Juan with eyebrows and lips like Dan. "
In Tang Censhen's drunken drama poem "Dou", "The lips are a small peach blossom." They are all about the beauty of women's red lips in the books of the Tang Dynasty, which read: "On the 12th, I presented oral fat, facial fat, head cream and sachet to the Bachelor of North Gate. Oral fat is filled with a Bluetooth tube. " It is said that the container used to hold oral fat is carved ivory tube, which shows how much oral fat is valued and loved in many cosmetics. In the Tang Dynasty, people called it lip balm. There are 16 kinds of lip balm in Nuo Dynasty, including pomegranate jiao, scarlet spring, scarlet spring, tender spiced, half-edge jiao, tiger balm, holy sandalwood heart, dewdrop, inner courtyard, Tiangong Bridge, Luo Eryin, red heart, orangutan halo, Xiao Zhulong, Ge Shuangtang and Meihua slave.
After the Tang Dynasty, great changes have taken place in women's makeup style, but the custom of applying rouge has never stopped. This was true until the Ming and Qing dynasties, but it was no longer as exaggerated as the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties. Emperor Chongzhen once wrote a poem, "Lu Su and Feng Fan vowed never to leave, and endured blood without rouge." Qin Liangyu, the heroine who fought against the enemy with a good example, just imagine if she was stable ... >>
Question 2: What kinds of rouge were there in ancient times? "Rouge" is actually a flower called "red and blue". Its petals contain red and yellow pigments. When flowering, the whole flower is picked, and then repeatedly mashed in a stone bowl to remove the yellow juice, which becomes a bright red dye. There are two kinds of rouge for women's makeup: one is made of silk floss dipped in red and blue flower juice, which is called "Mian Yan Zhi"; The other is processed into small and thin flower pieces, which are called "Jinhua Yan Zhi". After drying in the shade, these two kinds of phoenix tree branches can become a dense and lubricating oil. As a result, Yan Zhi was written as "marriage fat man" and "diaosi fat man". The word "fat" has real meaning. In addition to red and blue, the raw materials for making rouge are heavy crimson, pomegranate, mountain flower, hematoxylin and so on.
Question 3: How did the rouge of ancient women come from? Since which dynasty, rouge is the general name of facial fat and oral fat, and it is the main cosmetic matched with cosmetic powder. In ancient times, rouge was also called Yan Zhi, Yan Zhi or Yan Zhi. There are two different opinions about the origin of rouge: First, rouge originated in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and was made by women in Yan Di who concentrated red and blue flower juice into fat, because it was produced in Yan State. On the other hand, it is called Yan Zhi, which originated in the Xiongnu area in northwest China. Xiongnu aristocratic women often decorate their faces with "E Shi" (rouge). In BC 139, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions in order to strengthen the ties between the Han Dynasty and other countries in the Western Regions. Zhang Qian's trip brought back many foreign cultures, including the lifestyles and customs of all ethnic groups in the western regions. The introduction of rouge is also at this time.
Due to the popularity of rouge, after the Han Dynasty, the number of feminine red makeup increased day by day and lasted for a long time. There are many descriptions in the poems of past dynasties, such as "Who can put Xu Zhaohong makeup on the mirror" and "Sister, when I hear that my sister is coming, I must take care of the red makeup." "Red makeup and plain waist" and so on. There are many records about women's red makeup in Tang dynasty, "green e red powder makeup"; "Wash your red makeup"; The red makeup worn by women in the Tang Dynasty, such as "shooting ladies and leaving red makeup", was also mentioned in the note novels at that time. For example, it is recorded in Wang Renyu's "The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao": "Every time the imperial concubine goes to Xia Yue, she always puts on light clothes so that the attendants can make a fan blow, but she still can't understand its heat. Every time there is sweat, it is red, greasy and fragrant, or it is put on a towel, and the color is like powder. " It's about Yang Guifei. Because of the powder, even the sweat is red. There is a similar description in Wang Jian's Gong Ci, which is about a young maid-in-waiting. After washing her hands, the washbasin looks like a layer of red mud. Although the statement is somewhat exaggerated, it somewhat reflects the situation at that time.
After the Tang Dynasty, although the custom of women's makeup has changed a lot, the custom of applying red makeup has remained unchanged. Although women's red makeup in Liao Dynasty can't be found in the literature, examples are common. According to the archaeological excavation report, the women depicted in the murals of Liaodong Tomb in Faku, Liaoning Province and Liaodong Tomb in Shilipu, Datong, Shanxi Province, "painted red cheeks" reflected the fashion at that time. This custom continued until the end of the Qing Dynasty. Due to the rise of women's education, young students pay more attention to plain clothes than to you, which has changed this plastic surgery phenomenon.
Question 4: What was the process of making rouge in ancient times? I have read a book called China Ancient Women's Makeup. This paper introduces in detail how ancient women made and used those cosmetics. I have tried everything, some succeeded, some failed. Years later, it was translated and said:
The first is the powder used to improve facial skin color. Let's briefly talk about the production process: soak the prepared new rice in water for about ten days, take it out when the sour taste diffuses, and push it into very fine slurry with a mill. Then pull Cheng aside. When the clean water is separated from the mud, pour out the clean water and throw it away. When the remaining water evaporates. Scrape off a rough layer of powder on the surface with bamboo chips, and the fine finished product will be below.
The hardest thing about doing this is that you can't find a grinder. I thought about it for a long time, so I had to use our rolling bowl instead. This is a tool that can pound spices such as pepper and pepper into fine powder. As for the new rice, I bought it specially. After buying half a catty, I still hesitated for a long time to buy Thai rice. Later, I thought of being loyal to the original work before giving up.
It was summer at that time, so the new rice was all sour after only five days. My mother swore that if I didn't act, she would sabotage the work. So I had to give up my nap time, turn my back on the loess and squat in the yard under the scorching sun. The process went smoothly, but finally I couldn't find the bamboo pieces, and later I used a porcelain spoon.
When the powder is ready, it doesn't smell very sour, faint, and even a little like a woman's body fragrance.
I put the finished product in the shade, and the next one will be rouge.
There are many ways to make rouge, such as rouge flower (also called Dilian in Northeast China) and rose. I compared the procedures and decided to use roses as raw materials because it was simpler.
Look at the craft first, look for pure rose petals first, and try to use uniform colors. Squeeze the petals into juice in a clean container and then put them into the new silk of that year (note: it was that year again). Before that, tear the silk into small pieces to prevent it from sticking. When the rose juice is completely immersed in the silk, take it out and dry it. Dry thoroughly and put in a sealed pottery jar. When in use, take out one or two tablets, put them in the palm of your hand, drop one or two drops of water, push them evenly with your hands and pat them on your cheeks. Make it "good purples". Here, this practice was in the Qing Dynasty.
I didn't choose flowers very strictly because they are expensive to buy. So I have to make do with it. This kind of rose I bought is called "Cardinal", with deep red color and juicy petals. Should be the best choice. But at this time, the problem appeared again. I have no silk, and I can't find it. So I decided to use cotton. In order to find the cotton of that year, I ran a long way to the countryside to get it.
It happened to be a sunny day, and I was drying cotton pieces soaked in flower juice. I was walking in the sun with a flat basket made of bamboo, and suddenly I felt that I was a girl who wanted to be "beautiful in color and smart in the neighborhood" in a hundred years.
Soon, this process was completed. There was no eye shadow in ancient times, and the rest were lipstick and eyebrow pencil. It is not clear that lipstick should be washed with petals. I have to give up. Fortunately, rouge can also be used to wipe your lips. Then all that's left is the eyebrow pencil.
Eyebrow pencil is very simple, just use thin wicker to burn carbon and paint it beautiful. Compared with the last one, it's as simple as touching.
After all, all that remains is to say hello in person. After repeated thinking, I feel that the raw materials used are harmless to the body and should not cause facial edema and ulceration. So I tried it when no one was at home.
Of course the result is good.
Finally, there is another method, that is, beauty, which is a bit interesting: peach blossoms are picked in March, dried and ground into powder, coated on the blood surface of black-bone chicken, and washed off in three days. Later, my face was beautiful, like a peach blossom. I want to have a try. Later, considering how hard my mother raised me, I couldn't scare her. Give it up.
? There is even a way to stew pig's trotters, and then chop them into a paste with belt meat. Applying this paste to the face can also make the face smooth and the skin delicate.
Even the trotters were bought back, and friends called to let them out. After I came back, the pig's trotters had been marinated in the pot by my mother. It was delicious.
Great, it's not wasted anyway. ...& gt& gt
Question 5: What was the ancient rouge gouache made of? Now authentic rouge can be made of materials that were considered precious in ancient times. In 1970s and 1980s, blush was introduced from abroad after 1990s. The packaging is stronger, and the heavy makeup is effective, but the three-dimensional effect is not as good as rouge. If you don't want to be too bright, you can choose the ancient rouge cream of Jumping Tree, which can also be found on Po. This real ancient rouge is not as greasy and difficult to wash as blush. Its ingredients are directly edible ingredients such as peach blossom, pear blossom and almond, which were very precious in ancient times. It's weird to stare. You can make eye shadow and lip gloss at the same time, and the stereoscopic effect is very good. You can know its benefits by comparing it several times.
Question 6: What was the ancient "Gouache" made of? Rouge is a red pigment. Originated in Yan Zhishan, the Xiongnu region in northwest China, Xiongnu aristocratic women often decorate their faces with "E Shi" (rouge). In BC 139, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions in order to strengthen the ties between the Han Dynasty and other countries in the Western Regions. Zhang Qian's trip brought back many foreign cultures, including the lifestyles and customs of all ethnic groups in the western regions. The introduction of rouge is also at this time.
The so-called "rouge" is actually a kind of flower called "red and blue". Its petals contain red and yellow pigments. When flowering, the whole flower is picked, and then repeatedly mashed in a stone bowl to remove the yellow juice, which becomes a bright red dye. There are two kinds of rouge for women's makeup: one is made of silk floss dipped in red and blue flower juice, which is called "Mian Yan Zhi"; The other is processed into small and thin flower pieces, which are called "Jinhua Yan Zhi". After drying in the shade, these two kinds of phoenix tree branches can become a dense and lubricating oil. As a result, Yan Zhi was written as "Marriage Fat Man" and "Moon Swallow Fat Man". The word "fat" has real meaning. Besides red and blue, the raw materials for making rouge are crimson, pomegranate, mountain flower and sappan.
There is a vivid description of rouge in the forty-four chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions. This kind of rouge "is not a piece, but a small white jade box, which contains something similar to rose cream." Baoyu said with a smile, "The rouge sold in the shop is dirty and light. This is the best rouge made of fruit juice, clean and steamed with flower dew. As long as you pick a small hair clasp and put it on your lips, that's enough; Melt it with a little water and put it in your palm. It's enough to pat your face. Pinger decorated herself according to her words, and the fruit was bright and clean, and her cheeks were sweet. "
Due to the popularity of rouge, after the Han Dynasty, the number of feminine red makeup increased day by day and lasted for a long time. There are many descriptions in the poems of past dynasties, such as "Who can put Xu Zhaohong makeup on the mirror" and "Sister, when I hear that my sister is coming, I must take care of the red makeup." "Red makeup and plain waist" and so on. There are many records about women's red makeup in Tang dynasty, "green e red powder makeup"; "Wash your red makeup"; The red makeup worn by women in the Tang Dynasty, such as "shooting ladies and leaving red makeup", was also mentioned in the note novels at that time. For example, it is recorded in Wang Renyu's "The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao": "Every time the imperial concubine goes to Xia Yue, she always puts on light clothes so that the attendants can make a fan blow, but she still can't understand its heat. Every time there is sweat, it is red, greasy and fragrant, or it is put on a towel, and the color is like powder. " It's about Yang Guifei. Because of the powder, even the sweat is red. There is a similar description in Wang Jian's Gong Ci, which is about a young maid-in-waiting. After washing her hands, the washbasin looks like a layer of red mud. Although the statement is somewhat exaggerated, it somewhat reflects the situation at that time.
After the Tang Dynasty, although the custom of women's makeup has changed a lot, the custom of applying red makeup has remained unchanged. Although women's red makeup in Liao Dynasty can't be found in the literature, examples are common. According to the archaeological excavation report, the women depicted in the murals of Liaodong Tomb in Faku, Liaoning Province and Liaodong Tomb in Shilipu, Datong, Shanxi Province, "painted red cheeks" reflected the fashion at that time. This custom continued until the end of the Qing Dynasty. Due to the rise of women's education, young students pay more attention to plain clothes than to you, which has changed this plastic surgery phenomenon.
Question 7: What is the rouge of ancient women and what is it made of? Rouge is a red pigment, which is used in makeup and Chinese painting. Also refers to bright red.
The so-called "rouge" is actually a kind of flower called "red and blue". Its petals contain red and yellow pigments. Pick all the flowers when they bloom, and then put them in a stone bowl and beat them with a pestle. When the yellow juice is removed, it becomes a bright red dye. There are two kinds of rouge for women's makeup: one is made of silk floss dipped in red and blue flower juice, which is called "Mian Yan Zhi"; The other is processed into small and thin flower pieces, which are called "Jinhua Yan Zhi". After drying in the shade, these two kinds of phoenix tree branches can become a dense and lubricating oil. As a result, Yan Zhi was written as "Marriage Fat Man" and "Moon Swallow Fat Man". The word "fat" has real meaning. Besides red and blue, the raw materials for making rouge are crimson, pomegranate, mountain flower and sappan.
Question 8: What was the ancient rouge gouache made of? Gouache
It is recorded in detail in The Elements of Qi Min. The most primitive method of flour making is to fill rice juice in a round bowl, make it precipitate, make it into white powder-greasy "powder English", and then expose it to the sun in Japan and China. The dried powder can be used for cosmetics. Because this method is simple, it is widely circulated among the people. Until the Tang and Song Dynasties, people still used this method to make rice noodles.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Gong Ren Duan Qiaoxiao mixed rice flour, Hu powder and sunflower seed juice to synthesize "purple powder".
In the Tang dynasty, the palace made "butterfly-welcoming powder" from fine millet.
In the Song Dynasty, there was a kind of "Jade Girl peach blossom powder" made of gypsum, talc, mussel powder, wax fat, musk deer and motherwort.
In the Ming Dynasty, there were "pearl powder" extracted from white jasmine kernel and "Hosta powder" made of Hosta flower and Hu powder.
In the Qing dynasty, there were "pearl powder" made of pearls and "stone powder" made of fine stones such as talc.
= = = = Manufacturing technology = = = =:
Soak the good new rice in water for about ten days, take it out when the sour taste is diffuse, and grind it into very fine slurry. Then pull Cheng aside. When the clean water is separated from the mud, pour out the clean water and throw it away. When the remaining water evaporates. Scrape off a rough layer of powder on the surface with bamboo chips, and the fine finished product will be below.
Rouge.
Rouge is a common cosmetic used by ancient women. There are many ways to write rouge in ancient books, such as "Yan Zhi", "cigarette", "fresh branch", "Yan Zhi" and "E Shi".
It is said that the introduction of rouge into the Central Plains is related to Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions. The so-called "rouge" is actually a kind of flower called "red and blue". Its petals contain red and yellow pigments. Pick the whole flower after flowering, and then mash it repeatedly in a stone bowl to remove the yellow juice and form a bright red pigment.
There are two kinds of rouge for women's makeup. One is made of silk floss dipped in red and blue flower juice, which is called "Mian Yan Zhi"; The other is processed into small and thin flower pieces, which are called "Jinhua Yan Zhi". Both kinds of rouge can be dried in the shade, and can be applied with a small amount of water.
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people added bovine marrow, pig pancreas and other things to this red pigment, making it a dense and lubricated oil. As a result, Yan Zhi was written as "rouge", and "fat" had a real meaning.
= = = = = = Production process = = = = = =
1, rouge flower, rose, gardenia flower or any kind of red flower, finely crushed, filtered with fine sand to remove dregs, dried the juice, and dripped a little osmanthus oil, which is rouge. With flowery colors and fragrance.
2. Pick red and blue flowers in the morning, preferably with dew, and mash them like plaster. Add water, wrap with gauze, and wring out the yellow juice. Add sour chestnuts and rice washing water and wash them together like rice washing water. The yellow pigment dissolves and distorts, and the rest is red pigment. Red and blue flowers have two kinds of pigments, red pigment and yellow pigment. The latter is difficult to dye, so separate. Add preservatives and dry in the shade to get very red, very red, very bright, very bright rouge. You can add other pink tones to the color.
In addition to red and blue, the raw materials for making rouge are crimson, pomegranate, mountain flower and sapanwood. Heavy crimson is a kind of crimson dye, its color is relatively thick, not as bright and transparent as red and blue. During the Han and Wei dynasties, it was often used as the material of swallows. Pomegranate flower is also a kind of red pigment, which was often used to dye skirts in Sui and Tang Dynasties, called "pomegranate red skirt", but it can also be used to make rouge.
Mountain flower, similar to pomegranate flower, is a kind of wild plant, which can be used as cosmetic raw material after refining and processing. Su Fangmu, also known as "Sumu", has a long history as a dye, although its color is rather dull. As early as the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was a major red dye. ...& gt& gt
Question 9: What do ancient men mean by giving women rouge gouache? Give it to a strange woman: like and admire, or have a good impression.
Give it to relatives: love and care.