The local religion of Zhuang nationality mainly believes in MOZ (Zhuang witchcraft) and is characterized by the integration of Buddhism and Taoism, especially Taoism. In addition, God worships folk gods, such as natural gods, social gods and patron saints. And the worship ceremony varies with the function of the gods.
Buluotuo is a mythical figure in the oral literature of Zhuang ancestors. He is the god of creation, ancestor and morality. His achievements mainly include creating heaven and earth, creating everything, arranging order and formulating ethics. Buluotuo is a transliteration of Zhuang language. Buluotuo's cloth is a respectful name for an old man with great prestige. Luo means knowing, Tuo means many and very creative. Buluotuo means the leader in the mountain, the old man in the mountain or the old man who knows everything. Buluotuo is one of the intangible cultural heritage lists in China.
Buluotuo Jing is a classic of MOZ (Zhuang witchcraft), which praises Buluotuo, the ancestor of Zhuang nationality, for creating all things in the world, standardizing human ethics, encouraging people to pray for eliminating disasters and evil spirits and pursuing a happy life. This classic poem runs through the primitive religious consciousness of nature worship and ancestor worship. Each chapter of the Buluotuo Sutra can be an independent chapter. Because much of its content is the creation of the universe, it can be said to be the creation epic of Zhuang nationality; Because its lyrics are folk songs and sung in sacrificial ceremonies, it can also be said to be Zhuang religious literature.
Buluotuo vividly described the process of Buluotuo's creation of heaven, earth, sun, moon, stars, fire, Gu Mi and cattle. In the language and form of poetry, it tells people about the formation of heaven, earth, sun and moon, the origin of human beings, the origin of various crops and livestock, and the living customs of ancient people. This epic enthusiastically eulogizes the great achievements of Buluotuo, a demigod and demigod ancestor of Zhuang nationality, in creating human nature. The whole poem, with 10,000 lines, has been circulated orally in Youjiang, Hongshui River Basin of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Wenshan, Yunnan since ancient times.
Since the Ming Dynasty, Buluotuo has been orally sung and preserved in the form of ancient Zhuang language, some of which have become the classics of Zhuang folk religion. Buluotuo Shi Jing's manuscripts are all written in ancient Zhuang language, and poems are five-character poems of Zhuang folk songs. In content, it combines the myth, religion, ethics and folk customs of Zhuang nationality, with profound thoughts and profound implications; Formally, due to thousands of years of singing processing, the language is refined, neat, rhythmic and catchy, retaining many ancient Zhuang language and religious language, which is not available today.
The content of Buluotuo Shi Jing can be roughly divided into three parts in nature: creation myth, ethics and religious taboo. Its academic value is various. The content of Buluotuo includes six aspects: Buluotuo's creation of heaven and earth, man, everything, emperors, almanac and ethics, which reflects the history of human beings from barbaric times to farming times and the tribal society of Zhuang ancestors.
According to the compiled version, the whole poem is divided into four parts, a total of 19 chapters. The first part is the opening song, including the first chapter politeness, the second chapter answer song, and the third chapter stone egg song. The second part is song creation, including the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter, the sixth chapter, the sun, the seventh chapter, the fire, the eighth chapter, the rice and the ninth chapter. The third part is "Governing the Song Dynasty", including Chapter 10 "Rebuilding Heaven and Earth" and Chapter 11 "Dividing Surnames".
In addition, the common belief of Zhuang people is:
(1) Flower God. It is said to be Buluotuo's wife, but in some Zhuang areas it is considered Buluotuo's mother. A goddess who specializes in bearing children, also known as the "Queen of Notre Dame". Zhuang people think that children are flowers in Huapo's yard and their prosperity depends entirely on Huapo. When the baby is born, paper flowers are placed beside the bed, and the mother leads the child to sacrifice to the flower girl on holidays. If the child is sick, he should also offer sacrifices and ask the flower woman to bless him. Among the Zhuang people in the southern Zhuang area, people worship Hua Popo more.
② Land owners. Zhuang people believe that the land Lord is the master of one party, in charge of floods, droughts, pests, human and animal diseases .......................................................................................................................................... & gt
Question 2: What are the religious beliefs of Zhuang people? Zhuang nationality is located in Guangxi and is greatly influenced by Southern Buddhism. Similar to Yunnan, many people believe in Southern Buddhism.
Question 3: What are the religious beliefs of Zhuang people? Zhuang people believe in primitive religion, offering sacrifices to their ancestors, and some people believe in Catholicism and Christianity. Famous festivals include the annual "March"
Three "Song Festival" and so on.
Question 4: What religion do Zhuang people mainly believe in? Where did this religion originate? Its followers are called. Most religions of Zhuang nationality are nature worship and ancestor worship. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism were first introduced and temples were established. 1858 was introduced into Catholicism, and 1862 was introduced into Christianity, but none of them spread. Every family has a shrine to their ancestors. Since modern times, Catholicism and Christianity have been introduced into some Zhuang areas.
The local religion of Zhuang nationality mainly believes in MOZ (Zhuang witchcraft) and is characterized by the integration of Buddhism and Taoism, especially Taoism. In addition, God worships folk gods, such as natural gods, social gods and patron saints. And the worship ceremony varies with the function of the gods.
Buluotuo is a mythical figure in the oral literature of Zhuang ancestors. He is the god of creation, ancestor and morality. His achievements are mainly to create heaven and earth, create everything, arrange order and control.
Set ethics, etc. Buluotuo is a transliteration of Zhuang language, and Buluotuo's cloth is a respectful name for an old man with great prestige. Luo means to know, tuo means a lot of creativity, and Buluotuo means.
Refers to the head of the mountain, the old man in the mountain or the old man who knows everything. Buluotuo is one of the intangible cultural heritage lists in China.
Buluotuo Shi Jing
It is a scripture of MOZ (Witchcraft of Zhuang Nationality), praising Buluotuo, the ancestor of Zhuang Nationality, for creating everything in the world, standardizing human ethics, inspiring people to pray and wish to eliminate disasters and evil spirits and pursue a happy life. This classic poem runs through the self
The primitive religious consciousness of nature worship and ancestor worship. Each chapter of the Buluotuo Sutra can be an independent chapter. Because much of its content is the creation of the universe, it can be said to be the creation epic of Zhuang nationality; Because its lyrics are folk songs, it is also
It was sung in a sacrificial ceremony, so it can be said to be Zhuang religious literature.
Question 5: What is the religion of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi? The religions of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi are mainly nature worship and ancestor worship. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism were first introduced and temples were established. 1858 was introduced into Catholicism, and 1862 was introduced into Christianity, but none of them spread. Every family has a shrine to their ancestors. Since modern times, Catholicism and Christianity have been introduced into some Zhuang areas.
On the other hand, the local religions of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi mainly believe in MOZ, which is characterized by the strong integration of Buddhism and Taoism, especially Taoism. In addition, God worships folk gods, such as natural gods, social gods and patron saints. And the worship ceremony varies with the function of the gods.
Landlord. Zhuang people believe that the land Lord is the master of one party and the god in charge of floods, droughts, insect disasters and human and animal plagues. So every village has a land temple, but there are no idols; Just write down the words "the location of the land Lord" in red paper and stick it on the middle wall as a sign of worship. On holidays or major crises, villagers will go to the land temple to bow down and ask for visas. The scale of the activities is different, and the services provided are also different. Avoid eating dog meat before signing the contract. The village has a small sacrifice every year and a big sacrifice every three years. Do "Spring Prayer" at the beginning of spring every year, and pray for the good weather and the safety of people and animals. In autumn, I "make a wish" to thank the earth god for his generous gift.
Social workers. It is considered as the patron saint of the village. There are more than a social altar on the big tree near the village. There are several stones in the social altar, and some specialize in carving dogs. Every New Year's Eve, every household will prepare wine and meat sacrifices. When offering sacrifices to the society, the elders of the whole village gathered together to pray for the society and discuss the matters that should be advocated and reformed in that year. Young people in the village gather in front of the club to worship their elders, which is called "worshipping the club". Newly-married women must also take their husbands back to their parents' homes to attend sacrificial ceremonies. Newborn babies are brought to the club by their parents, and red eggs are distributed to everyone. The host put on jewels for the children and wished them peace and health. Boys over three years old are brought to the front of the club by their parents to bow down, offer chickens and wine to the club, and call their uncles names; Then cut the chicken into small pieces, together with a piece of yellow sugar, and distribute it to every household. Name the child. The girls wear ears and rings in front of the club. On the night of the festival, families put the meat, porridge, zongzi and red eggs brought back from the altar in front of the daughter-in-law with children for sacrifice, indicating that the children "redeemed their souls." After the sacrifice, feed the porridge to the livestock, thinking that it can make them gain weight. Every time there is a pest disaster, the village beats gongs and drums and gathers people to kill pigs, sheep and chickens. Stained with the blood of livestock, put it in the field, symbolizing the arrival of social workers to avoid disaster.
Question 6: The characteristics of Zhuang people's religious beliefs; Zhuang people believe in many gods. The whole nation has no unified religious belief. About the late primitive society, the religious thought of Zhuang nationality began to sprout. With the development of Zhuang society, Zhuang's religious thought has gradually developed into a national religion & witchcraft. At the latest in the Southern Dynasties, due to the increasingly frequent cultural exchanges between Han and Zhuang, Taoism of Han nationality was introduced into Zhuang areas, and it merged with witchcraft of Zhuang nationality to form witchcraft Taoism. Zhuang people generally believe in witchcraft, Taoism and witches (that is, fairies). Buddhism was introduced into Guangxi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and spread to Zhuang areas in the south and west of Guangxi in the Song and Ming Dynasties, but there were not many Zhuang people's beliefs. /kloc-After the middle of the 0/8th century, Christianity and Catholicism were introduced into Zhuang areas, but they failed to form an influence. The ancestors of Zhuang people believed in animism, and every mountain, stone and grass around them were animistic. From the sky, we think that the sun is the sun god, thunder is thunder, thunder is thunder, wind is Fengbo's worship, and rain is rain. The stars in the sky are not only gods but also men and women. In the fairy tale of Samsung, the sun, the moon and the stars are one god, the sun is the father, the moon is the wife and the stars are the children. Because my father used to be strict, as soon as he appeared, his wife and children disappeared in a hurry. They didn't appear in the sky until the sun went down, and the children blinked happily around their mother. According to people's personality, family and society, people endowed natural phenomena in the sky with human characteristics and created God. In the early days, there was no difference between man and God. There are many ghosts and gods on the ground, and flowers and trees in the mountains have spirits. Especially exotic flowers and plants, strange vines and strange trees look unusual. He thinks he is a god. Some trees are regarded as sacred trees and are not allowed to be cut down, but they are also sacrificed on holidays. Therefore, the worship of nature in Zhuang areas includes the worship of the sun, the moon, thunder and lightning, mountains (caves, mountains), rivers, fires, trees, grass and grass. Like all ethnic groups in the world, the Zhuang nationality once had extensive totem worship. Totem concept evolved from animism. Because people think that everything around them has gods, there is always one thing that has a particularly close relationship with the production and life of the clan, until they think that it has something to do with their clan and can protect the prosperity of the clan, so it is called "totem". I am especially in awe of it, and I am not allowed to destroy it, kill it, blaspheme it, and have a ceremony for my father. Clan members are proud to be descendants of totems, and paint their own images on their foreheads, wrists or chests, and even their clothes are in accordance with the colors and styles of totems. So totem became the symbol of clan. Many surnames of Zhuang nationality are clan symbols. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, China surnames with similar pronunciations began to be used. If the surname is Niu; The surname of the farmer is Lin; Liang is a kindred; Pan is a hunting clan; The surname of the district is Rana, and so on. The totem phenomena that the Zhuang people once worshipped are the sun, moon, stars, clouds, thunder and lightning, fog and heavy rain. Most animals are crocodiles, snakes, pheasants, birds, dogs, frogs, cows, rhinoceroses, bears, tigers, deer, monkeys and so on. Plants include forest, banyan, bamboo, kapok and other exotic trees; There are other strange mountains, rocks, mountains, springs, undercurrents, rivers and deep pools. The more important totems are these: King Lei, Crocodile, Totem, Snake Totem, Dog Totem, Cattle Totem and Frog Totem. These totems are the most famous. Frog totem, frog is the earliest totem of European tribes. Ou is the near sound of Zhuang frog recorded by Han people in Central Plains. So the European tribe is the frog tribe. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Xi 'ou people unified the ministries of Lingxi, and their totem rose to the status of the patron saint of the nation. The murals on the precipice of Huashan Mountain left in this period have obvious images of frogmen, which shows that these paintings are the relics of people worshiping the national protector-frog God at that time. Until 1949 years ago, the Zhuang people regarded the frog as a god and thought it was the son of King Lei and sent to the world as an angel. Its identity is very similar to Apollo, the son of Zeus. Therefore, the bronze drums cast by the ancestors of Zhuang nationality all have three-dimensional sculptures of frogs. Donglan and Fengshan also keep the "Frog Women's Day" to worship frogs. Killing frogs is forbidden in many places. With the establishment of patrilineal clan, ancestor worship was produced by totem worship, and the two were initially combined into one. Just like the dragon in the Han Dynasty, the human head is a snake, and the human head is Fuxi and Nuwa, the ancestors of Xia people. The frog god of Zhuang nationality is also a humanoid frog. The premise of ancestor worship is the existence of soul. Zhuang people believe that after death, the soul still lives on Naihe Bridge (the dividing line between Yin and Yang in the concept of Zhuang people). People also believe that the ancestors of the underworld can bless the descendants of Shi Yang. Get rich safely, eliminate disasters and solve problems This is the premise and foundation of a series of funerals and ancestor worship. In front of the wall in the middle of Ganlan Hall of Zhuang nationality, there stands a long altar about five feet high. Below the altar is the Eight Immortals Table, where ancestors are sacrificed. The altar is a god ... >>
Question 7: What religion do Zhuang compatriots in Guangxi believe in? There are many gods worshipped by Zhuang people, and the names of different branches of gods are different. Generally speaking, they worship Guan Gong, Confucius, Yue Fei, Yang Liulang, the god of family, the god of wealth and Shennong. Some gods only have idols and tablets. Shennong and other memorial tablets are located in the hall for the elderly. At the same time, animism worship is preserved, such as offering sacrifices to the sun, wooden bridges and stones. Ancestor worship occupies a certain position in the religious life of Zhuang nationality. Every main house is dedicated to the god of heaven and earth. There are three brothers who are worshipped by farmers, and the gods are usually placed on the door corners, beams or back walls, and two of them are worshipped by grandparents. Indigenous and peasant married women make sacrifices to their dead parents at the man's house every New Year's Day. The sandman prepared it for Princess Flower in the bedroom. The leaders in charge of the social and religious activities of the Zhuang nationality are the Magic Duke and the Teacher Niang. The magic statue is a man, who is responsible for chanting scriptures and doing Dojo for all activities such as funeral offerings; There are classics of Chinese studies, which are passed down from master to apprentice. Teacher Niang has men and women, specializing in inviting ghosts, sending ghosts, practicing witchcraft to cure diseases and eliminate disasters; There are no scriptures.
Question 8: What are the national customs of Zhuang nationality? Zhuang people in most areas are used to eating three meals during the solar eclipse, and Zhuang people in a few areas also eat four meals, that is, adding a small meal between lunch and dinner. Breakfast and Chinese food are relatively simple, usually porridge, dinner is dinner, dry rice is eaten more, and vegetables are more abundant. Rice and corn are abundant grains in Zhuang areas, which naturally become their staple food.
Daily vegetables include green vegetables, melon seedlings, melon leaves, Beijing cabbage (Chinese cabbage), Chinese cabbage, rape, mustard, lettuce, celery, spinach, kale, spinach, bitter gourd, even bean leaves, sweet potato leaves, pumpkin seedlings, pumpkin flowers and pea seedlings can also be vegetables. Boiling is the most common, as well as the habit of pickling vegetables, such as sauerkraut, sour bamboo shoots, salted radish, kohlrabi and so on. Add lard, salt and chopped green onion when cooking.
Strong stalks can't help eating any kind of livestock meat, such as pork, beef, mutton, chickens, ducks and geese. Some areas don't eat dog meat, and some areas like to eat dog meat. Pork is also cooked in whole pieces, then cut into square pieces, and then put the seasoning back into the pot. Zhuang people are used to making fresh chicken, duck, fish and vegetables into 70-80% maturity, and then frying the vegetables in a hot pot before cooking, so as to keep the dishes delicious.
Zhuang people like hunting and cooking game and insects, and they are very good at the diet of Panax notoginseng. Cooking with flowers, leaves, roots and whiskers of Panax notoginseng is very distinctive. Zhuang people are also good at roasting, frying, stewing, salting and marinating, addicted to alcohol, with spicy and sour tastes, and like to eat crispy dishes. The main specialties are: spicy blood, roasted meat, banker roast duck, salty liver, crispy fried bee, spiced bean worm, fried worm, skin liver, ginger rabbit meat, glistening fried frog and fried chicken.
Zhuang people also brew rice wine, sweet potato wine and cassava wine, which are not too high. Among them, yellow rice wine is the main drink for festivals and entertainments. Some yellow rice wines are called chicken gall and chicken offal wine, and chicken offal and pig liver wine. Drink the chicken offal wine and pork liver wine in one gulp, and chew the chicken offal and pork liver left in your mouth slowly, which can not only relieve the hangover, but also be eaten as a dish.
Typical food: There are many famous dishes and snacks of Zhuang nationality, mainly including horseshoe pole, raw fish, roast suckling pig, glutinous rice with flowers, Ningming Zhuang zongzi, champion firewood, white-cut dog meat, crispy chicken, braised cross-section dog and dragon pumping.
Question 9: What do Zhuang people believe in? Most of their religions are nature worship and ancestor worship. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism were first introduced and temples were established. 1858 was introduced into Catholicism, and 1862 was introduced into Christianity, but none of them spread. Every family has a shrine to their ancestors. Since modern times, Catholicism and Christianity have been introduced into some Zhuang areas. The local religion of Zhuang nationality mainly believes in MOZ (Zhuang witchcraft) and is characterized by the integration of Buddhism and Taoism, especially Taoism. In addition, God worships folk gods, such as natural gods, social gods and patron saints. And the worship ceremony varies with the function of the gods. Buluotuo is a mythical figure in the oral literature of Zhuang ancestors. He is the god of creation, ancestor and morality. His achievements mainly include creating heaven and earth, creating everything, arranging order and formulating ethics. Buluotuo is a transliteration of Zhuang language. Buluotuo's cloth is a respectful name for an old man with great prestige. Luo means knowing, Tuo means many and very creative. Buluotuo means the leader in the mountain, the old man in the mountain or the old man who knows everything. Buluotuo is one of the intangible cultural heritage lists in China. Buluotuo Jing is a classic of MOZ (Zhuang witchcraft), which praises Buluotuo, the ancestor of Zhuang nationality, for creating all things in the world, standardizing human ethics, encouraging people to pray for eliminating disasters and evil spirits and pursuing a happy life. This classic poem runs through the primitive religious consciousness of nature worship and ancestor worship. Each chapter of the Buluotuo Sutra can be an independent chapter. Because much of its content is the creation of the universe, it can be said to be the creation epic of Zhuang nationality; Because its lyrics are folk songs and sung in sacrificial ceremonies, it can also be said to be Zhuang religious literature. Buluotuo vividly described the process of Buluotuo's creation of heaven, earth, sun, moon, stars, fire, Gu Mi and cattle. In the language and form of poetry, it tells people about the formation of heaven, earth, sun and moon, the origin of human beings, the origin of various crops and livestock, and the living customs of people in ancient times. This epic enthusiastically eulogizes the great achievements of Buluotuo, a demigod and demigod ancestor of Zhuang nationality, in creating human nature. The whole poem, with 10,000 lines, has been circulated orally in Youjiang, Hongshui River Basin of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Wenshan, Yunnan since ancient times. From about the Ming Dynasty, Buluotuo was sung orally, but it was also preserved in the form of ancient Zhuang language, and some of them became the classics of Zhuang folk religion. Buluotuo Shi Jing's manuscripts are all written in ancient Zhuang language, and poems are five-character poems of Zhuang folk songs. In content, it combines the myth, religion, ethics and folk customs of Zhuang nationality, with profound thoughts and profound implications; Formally, due to thousands of years of singing processing, the language is refined, neat, rhythmic and catchy, retaining many ancient Zhuang language and religious language, which is not available today. The content of Buluotuo Shi Jing can be roughly divided into three parts in nature: creation myth, ethics and religious taboo. Its academic value is various. The content of Buluotuo includes six aspects: Buluotuo's creation of heaven and earth, man, everything, emperors, almanac and ethics, which reflects the history of human beings from barbaric times to farming times and the tribal society of Zhuang ancestors. According to the compiled version, the whole poem is divided into four parts, a total of 19 chapters. The first part is the opening song, including the first chapter politeness, the second chapter answer song, and the third chapter stone egg song. The second part is song creation, including the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter, the sixth chapter, the sun, the seventh chapter, the fire, the eighth chapter, the rice and the ninth chapter. The third part is "Governing the Song Dynasty", including Chapter 10 "Rebuilding Heaven and Earth" and Chapter 11 "Dividing Surnames". In addition, the common beliefs of Zhuang people are: ① Flower God. It is said to be Buluotuo's wife, but in some Zhuang areas it is considered Buluotuo's mother. A goddess who specializes in bearing children, also known as the "Queen of Notre Dame". Zhuang people think that children are flowers in Huapo's yard and their prosperity depends entirely on Huapo. When the baby is born, paper flowers are placed beside the bed, and the mother leads the child to sacrifice to the flower girl on holidays. If the child is sick, he should also offer sacrifices and ask the flower woman to bless him. Among the Zhuang people in the southern Zhuang area, people worship Hua Popo more. ② Land owners. Zhuang people believe that the land Lord is the master of one party and the god in charge of floods, droughts, insect disasters and human and animal plagues. Therefore, every village has been established ... >>