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A brief introduction to ancient world history
Chapter I Prehistoric Humans

Evolution of human beings from 5 million years ago to 5000 BC (5 million years ago to 5000 BC): evolution of Australopithecus, early apes, late apes, early homo sapiens, late homo sapiens, Paleolithic and consanguineous families, emergence of early Paleolithic, middle Paleolithic, late Paleolithic, matrilineal clan commune and Neolithic consanguineous families. The emergence of primitive agriculture, primitive animal husbandry, patriarchal commune, private ownership, military democratic country, primitive society culture, primitive religion, primitive painting, primitive sculpture and primitive music.

Chapter II The Emergence of Ancient Civilization

The establishment and unification of the Asian Sumerian Akkadian city-state (5000-500 BC), the temple of Sumerian political structure, Akkadian's great economic rule, the third Ur dynasty in the southern two river basins, the Babylonian kingdom period, the rise of the Babylonian kingdom, the rule of Hammurabi, the emergence and evolution of the Assyrian empire, the establishment of the Assyrian empire, the new Babylonian kingdom and the demise of Assyria in the ancient two river basins. Epic of Gilgamesh, science and technology in ancient two river basins, Babylonian astronomy, Babylonian mathematical achievements, Phoenician civilization, the rise of Phoenicia, the development of Phoenician economy, the rise and fall of ancient Palestinian Hittites and Hittites, the emergence of unified Judaism in ancient Palestine, ancient Indian civilization, the emergence of early Halaba cultural classes and countries, the establishment of four Vedic Brahmanism, and the establishment of sixteen Indian countries in various national times. The re-emergence of cities dominated by the kingdom of Mojituo, the emergence of the new trend of thought of shaman Sakyamuni Buddhism, the first dynasty in China-Xia Dynasty, Dayu flood control, the emergence of class society, the establishment of Xia Qi, the revival of Shao Kang, the subjugation of Xia Jie, the rise and fall of Shang Dynasty, the agricultural production technology of Shang Dynasty, the magical Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the developed bronze culture, the strict hierarchical system of Western Zhou Dynasty under the rule of rites and music, and so on. The uprising of China people and the promotion of King Zhongxing, Sanxingdui culture, the chaotic Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the eastward movement, the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period and the seven heroes in the Warring States Period, the Taoism of "pure heart and inaction", the establishment of Confucianism by Confucius, the publication of examinations, the rise and fall of the Persian Empire, the reform, Darius' foreign policy, economy and the decline of the Persian Empire.

The emergence of African countries (5000-500 BC) and the pre-dynasty civilization in the early dynasty, the establishment of the Tianni Dynasty, the economy and society of the ancient kingdom, the economy of the ancient kingdom, the disintegration of the ancient kingdom, the Pharaoh and the Chinese kingdom in the pyramid, the first intermediate period and the people's uprising, the reunification of Egypt, the foreign war of the Chinese kingdom, the agriculture and handicrafts of the Chinese kingdom, the demise of the Chinese kingdom, and the rise and fall of the new kingdom. Metallurgy and textile industry in the new kingdom, developed commerce and overseas trade, religious reform in Okhennathan, hegemony between La Kansai II and Hittites, decline and fall of the new kingdom, Saeijs dynasty in late Egypt, early economy in Egypt, Persian conquest of Egypt, Persian rule of Egypt, Egyptian people's resistance, struggle in late Persia, the demise of Egypt, hieroglyphs and totems worship in early Egyptian culture to nature worship, magnificent sculpture architecture and exquisite craftsmanship. Developed astronomical calendar, other civilizations in Africa, Saharan farming society, Nubian culture, Kelmai culture, the rise of Carthage civilization, Carthage's political system, Carthage's expansion in North Africa, Carthage's trade and exploration.

Europe (5000-500 BC) includes Aegean civilization, Crete civilization, Mycenae civilization, Mycenae tomb, Trojan War, the appearance of ancient Greek city-states and countries, the formation of Sparta city-states, the formation of Athens city-states, Solon reform, the prosperity of Greek city-states, the development of Greek city-states economy, slavery and the city-state democracy after the Greek-Persian war. The Peloponnesian War, the crisis of the postwar polis, the hegemony and decline of the Greek polis in the later period, the Greek culture in the classical period and before, the Greek religion and mythology, the developed drama, the exquisite architecture and sculpture, the prosperity of history and the rise of philosophy.

America (5000-500 BC): Early American civilization, Asian migration, Olmec civilization, Autiere Kanchawan culture, Paracas culture,

chapter three

The rise of Macedonia in Europe (500 BC ~ the first year of AD), the prosperity of Macedonia, the unification of Greece by Philip II, the Crusade of Alexandria, the establishment of Antioch, the social reform of Sparta, Ptolemy and Seleucia, the autocratic rule of Ptolemy, the decline of Ptolemy and the autocratic rule of Seleucia, and the development of Seleucia commerce, Seleucia handicrafts and Seleucia. Archimedes Euclid and the development of geometry, astronomy and geography, the further development of philosophy, the increasingly mature sculpture art, Aesop's fables, the ancient Roman Empire, Etruscans, clan system, Roman democratic military system, Torrio reform, the end of the Empire, the early Roman Republic, the establishment of civilian tribune, the civilian struggle of Lisini-Seckstufa and the emergence of new noble, and the conquest of Italy and Rome. Social economy in the early Republic of China, Rome's external expansion, the first Punic War, the second Punic War, the third Punic War, the invasion of Spain and Roman provinces, Roman rule, the decline of the Republic of China, the Sicilian uprising, the Spartak uprising, the culture of the times, Roman religious myths and priest Roman architectural art, simple history and philosophy, the arrival of the authoritarian era of power, Mitri

In Asia (500 BC ~ the first year of AD), China was unified by the Qin Dynasty, and the first feudal dynasty was established. The Great Wall of Qin Shihuang and Wan Li was built, and the Qin Dynasty was destroyed. It was the "eighth wonder of the world", Liu Bangjian in the Western Han Dynasty, the era of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, the Sino-Hungarian War, Historical Records written by Sima Qian, the era when the peacock empire was occupied, and the peacock dynasty and Ashoka were established in Gupta.

Chapter IV A Prosperous Feudal State

In Europe (from the first year to 400 AD), the establishment of the Roman Empire, the establishment of Augustus, the politics of heads of state, Octavian's internal political system, the prosperous "peaceful era", economic development, urban prosperity, the crisis from the golden age to the third century, the prevalence of the peasant system, the further strengthening of imperial power, the "golden age" of Rome, the depression of Rome's cities and businesses, political chaos, and the late period of rule. Support Christianity, continue to weaken the imperial economy, the division of the empire, the rise and spread of Christianity, the evolution of Christianity, the demise of the Western Roman Empire, the rebellion in Maximus, the rise of the four foreigners, the development of Roman culture and natural science in the imperial era, the prevalence of idealistic philosophy, developed historiography, jurisprudence, Roman literature, Roman architecture and sculpture art in the imperial era.

Asia (from the first year of AD to 400): Liu Xiujian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, consort eunuch, Ban Gu's Hanshu, Cai Lun's improved papermaking, Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases, China, Cao Cao's Jian 'an Literature in the Three Kingdoms Period, the establishment of Shu, Zhuge Liang's rule of Shu, Sun Quan's Jianwu, the Western Jin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Enlightened Ganeshega, Sassanbos in the early ruling period, the rise of Sassanbos, the war between Sassanbos and Rome, the Mazidak Uprising, the establishment of Ji's family in ancient Korea and Silla Baekje, the ancient culture on the Korean Peninsula, the rope and yayoi culture in ancient Japan, and the rise of evil Matai.

Both America and Africa (from the first year to 400 AD) are developing, with the rise of Mayan civilization, Capricorn culture, Inca civilization, aksum's rule and the prosperity of Ghana Kingdom in East Africa.

Chapter V The Long Middle Ages

The establishment of Germanic Kingdom in Europe (AD 400 ~ 1500), the social system of ancient Germanic people, the germination of feudal relations in Western Europe, the establishment of Germanic Kingdom, Lombardy's invasion of Italy, the emergence of feudal system in Western Europe, Clovis's creation of Frankish Kingdom, the usurpation of political power by dwarves, the formation of Charlemagne Empire, the division of Empire, the arrival of Viking Age, and the expansion of Viking. Advanced navigation and shipbuilding technology, Nordic oral literature, Western Europe in the 9th ~11century, French agriculture in Carolingian dynasty, the struggle between Robert dynasty and Carolingian dynasty, the establishment of Gaby dynasty and the decline of kingship, Germany under Henry I's rule, the dispute between customary rights and religious rights, Anglo-Saxon conquest of England, Crusades, Crusades. The first crusade of the Crusaders, the bloodbath of the Crusaders in Jerusalem, Salat's counterattack against the Crusaders, the disaster in Constantinople, the formation of the French nation-state, the strengthening of French kingship, the reform of Louis IX, Philip IV's control of religious power, the Parisian civil uprising, the unification of France by Louis xi,11/Britain and Normandy in the 5th century. The reform of Henry II and the appearance of The Rose Uprising War, the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France, the outbreak of the Hundred Years' War, the Battle of Jing Lei Xi, the twenty years' peace, the end of Joan of Arc and the unitary war, the invasion of Italy by Germany, Italy and Spain, the beginning of the Habsburg Dynasty, the establishment of the Hanseatic League, the rise of the Christian kingdom of Yuannis and Florence, and Spain. European economy after the Black Death, the long-term population decline caused by the death of garlic, the evolution of Christianity and Western European culture in the Middle Ages, the hierarchy of Roman churches, the strengthening of religious power by Innocent III, the development of heresy, the emergence of universities, the rise of Gothic architecture, the code reform of Justinian I in Byzantine Empire, the external expansion of Justinian, the disintegration of Byzantine Empire, Byzantine history, Southeast Europe in the Middle Ages, the establishment of the first Bulgarian kingdom, Nimanya ruled Serbia, Hungary during the Arpad dynasty, Romania during the Wallachia period, Czech Republic and Poland during the Middle Ages, the formation of the Czech state, the infiltration of German forces, the unification of the Mongolian empire, the reform of Husserl Sect, the Husserl War, Poland during the Puyast dynasty, the rule of the Golden horde, the establishment of the Liulik dynasty, the reform of the Russian Principality in Kiev, Ivan IV and the Livonia War.

In Asia (AD 400 ~ 1500), the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the reform of Emperor Xiaowen, the Qi Yao Min Shu of Jia Sixie, the establishment of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the excavation of grottoes in the Northern Dynasty, the establishment of Liu Song in the Southern Dynasty, the replacement of Qi Liang Chen, the pursuit of Pi by Zu Chongzhi, the prosperity of landscape poetry, and the unification of Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long and the Sui Dynasty. Li Chunjian, Zhao Zhouqiao, the Tang Dynasty's rule over Zhenguan in the middle and early period of the Sui Dynasty's demise, Xuanzang's The Journey to the West and Jian Zhen's Dudong Wuzhou Revolution, Kaiyuan Shi Sheng's papermaking and its followers' measurement of meridian, the decline of the Tang Dynasty, the Anshi Rebellion, the struggle between eunuchs and cronies, the Huang Chao Uprising and the demise of the Tang Dynasty, the peak of the invention of primitive gunpowder, the rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the mutiny of Chen Qiao, Wang Anshi's reform, the Northern Song Dynasty and Liao, and cronies. The prosperity of commerce in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu's integration of Neo-Confucianism, the great religious integration and the prevalence of Zen Buddhism, Genghis Khan's establishment of the Mongolian Empire in the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan's proclaimed himself emperor, the establishment of the provincial system in the Yuan Dynasty, Guo Shoujing and the punctuality calendar, Guan Hanqing and Yuan Qu, the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in the middle and early period, the establishment of the cabinet in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang's strengthening of bureaucracy, Zheng He's voyage to the West, the relationship between Daming and Southeast Asian countries, the scene of Iran in the Middle Ages, the reform of The demise of the Zhang Sasan Empire, the establishment of the dead Safi Dynasty, the history and literature of Iran in the Middle Ages, the developed architectural art, the Arab Empire, the establishment of the Arab Empire, the external expansion of the Arab Empire, the development of the feudal system of the Arab Empire, the division and decline of the Empire, the unification period of the Mongolian Empire, the Batu Western Expedition, and the expedition of Ilhanut. The short-lived Timur Empire, the rise of Ottoman Turkish Empire, the feudal system of the integration of politics and religion, the demise of Ottoman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the expansion of Su Liman I, Turkish art, from Gupta Empire to Delhi, Gupta of Sudan, the rise and fall of empire, the rise of Japan-forbidden empire, the emergence of India and Hinduism in Delhi Sudan, advanced mathematics, astronomy, early Mughal Empire, The invasion of western colonists, the rise of Sikhism in India, painting and architectural art, Silla and Korea's Korea, the demise of Silla Baekje Goguryeo, the later Silla land system, the establishment and expansion of Silla Korean dynasty, the implementation of Chai Tian system and commons system, the demise of Li Dynasty, the strengthening of feudal autocracy in the early period of Nonchen Great Patriotic War, the cultural education of medieval Korea, the prosperity of Buddhism, the creation of Korean alphabet by Sejong of Li Dynasty, and the feudal reform of Japan. Shoto Kutaishi's reform and modernization, Nara's social economy, the rise of Japanese samurai in heian period, the unification of Tokugawa era and Japan, the establishment of Kamakura shogunate, the development of domestic and foreign trade, and the Warring States and unification of Japan.

In America (400- 1500), Indian civilization, Aztec civilization, the establishment of the Inca empire, Inca culture, Mayan trade, Mayan social structure.

In Africa (AD 400 ~ 1500), the formation of the Egyptian feudal system during the feudal period, the independence of the Egyptian state and the struggle against the Crusaders, the prevention of the westward advance of the Mongolian empire, the Egyptian culture under Turkish rule, the independence of the Maghreb in North Africa and East Africa, the unification of the Hades dynasty in Aarmo, the countries of East Sudan, the Kingdom of Ethiopia, the period of "Sangji Empire" and the Sangji Empire.