Tang Xianzong Chunli, formerly known as Mason Lee, the 12th emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the eldest son of Shunzong, was born in Chang 'an Palace on February 14th in the 13th year of Dali (17,778). After Xian Zong ascended the throne, he often read historical records, and every time he read the stories of Zhenguan and Kaiyuan, he was amazed. Taking the sages and kings as an example, Xianzong conscientiously summed up historical experience, paid more attention to the role of ministers, dared to appoint algebra to make the prime minister play an important role, and consulted with the prime minister in Yan Ying Hall, but he abdicated very late. 15 years, Xian Zong was diligent, and the monarch and ministers were United, which made great achievements in the Yuan Dynasty and reduced the number of vassals, revived the prestige of the central authorities and made the Tang Dynasty prosperous. For a long time, three emperors, Emperor Taizong, Emperor Xuanzong and Tang Xianzong, were highly respected. Xian Zong failed to create moderns like Emperor Taizong and Xuanzong, but he was able to keep pace with them and compare with them, which just showed that he was unusual. In the fifteenth year of Yuanhe (14,820), on the 27th day of the first month, Xian Zong, who was superstitious about immortals, was killed by eunuchs.

When Chun Li was born, it was the old age of his great-grandfather Daizong. In the second year of his birth, his grandfather Dezong ascended the throne, and his father Shunzong was made a prince. When the Spring Calendar was young and ignorant, Chang 'an had a "Shi Jing Shifu". Dezong, who fled in a hurry, failed to ensure the safety of the children of the imperial clan, and 77 people who failed to evacuate in time died at the hands of the rebels, which made Dezong always bitter. When Chun-Li was six or seven years old, Dezong had just returned to Chang 'an. One day, Chun Li was held in his lap by his grandfather Emperor Dezong and asked him, "Whose child are you and why are you in my arms?" Li Chundao: "I am the third son of heaven." This answer surprised Dezong greatly. As the eldest grandson of today's emperor, it is unheard of and practical to answer "the third son" in the order of ancestor, father and son. Emperor Dezong couldn't help but add a little love to his grandson. In June of the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), 1 1 years old, he was conferred the title of King of Guangling County.

Tang Xianzong suffered from war since he was a child, and his own family relationship was very chaotic. His mother, Wang, was once a talented person in the generation, and another half-brother was adopted as his son by his grandfather. Xianzong's own marriage relationship is also a bit strange. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), Xian Zong, then king of Guangling, married Guo. Guo is the granddaughter, his father is Xu, and his mother is Princess Shengping, the eldest daughter of Daizong. The story of Princess Shengping and Ai Guo was later adapted into a drama "Playing the Golden Branch", which was widely circulated. Because Guo Si's mother is her eldest daughter, Guo Si and Shunzong are cousins, while Guo Si and Xianzong are different from each other. That is to say, in terms of seniority, Xianzong is one generation lower than the concubine married by Guo He. When they got married, Shunzong, who was the crown prince at that time, showed great affection for this daughter-in-law because Guo's mother was expensive and his father and ancestors had great honor in the royal family. Xianzong himself doesn't seem to be indifferent to the princess, because in the eleventh year of Zhenyuan (795), that is, two years after their marriage, Guo gave birth to his son Li You, which was later.

Relying on the support of eunuchs, Xian Zong, who launched a palace coup and quickly gained the highest power, showed his political talent as soon as he ascended the throne. The emperor's political behavior seems to have nothing to do with the legitimacy of his way of gaining power. Emperor Taizong is the same as Xuanzong before Xianzong.

But at the same time, Xian Zong's throne was forced out by eunuchs, so he trusted eunuchs. Many generals in his army are eunuchs, and some of them have high military power. He was killed by eunuch Chen in 820, at the age of 43, in office 15. After his death, posthumous title became a great sage and filial piety emperor of Zhao Wen.