Harbin was originally named Alekin, but it was changed to Harbin in Yuan Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, it was called Harabin, which means drying nets in Manchu, because Harbin was a fishing village before the railway was built.
During Fuyu, Bohai and Liao Dynasties, Harbin was subordinate to Fuyu, Bohai and Tokyo Road. In A.D.114, Hong Yan akuta, the leader of Jurchen, led his troops to fight against Liao, launched the battle of "Ningjiangzhou" and "Chuhedian", defeated 65,438+ten thousand Liao soldiers, and in11/kloc. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Harbin became the territory of the Wojin family, the third brother of Genghis Khan, and the jurisdiction of Nurgandusi. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, in the 21st year of Qianlong (1756), the deputy capital of Ala Chookiat Sakveerakul was established in Acheng, and Harbin was under its jurisdiction. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, with the implementation of the policy of "Reclaiming Land with Beijing Banner" and "Opening the Forbidden Land", a large number of Manchu and Han people moved to Harbin.
In the 22nd year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty (1896), Russia induced the Qing government to sign the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty and obtained the right to build the Middle East railway. 1898 was originally named Harbin and belongs to Jilin province. Starting from 1897, the Middle East Railway will be built with Harbin as the center, and Harbin will build the city. 1898, Russia renamed Harbin "Songhua River City", and 1903 renamed Harbin. Russian immigrants and other European immigrants began to move to Harbin in large numbers. After the Qing Dynasty, the government of the Republic of China established Binjiang County in Harbin on 19 13 and binjiang road on 19 14.
Harbin Municipal Administration Bureau was established in 192 1, and Harbin Special City was established in 1926, recovering the administrative power controlled by Russia for a long time. In the subsequent Manchukuo period, 1937 was transformed into Binjiang Province with Harbin as its capital. It was not until August 1945 that the Soviet Red Army captured the city and established a hospital to govern it. The Soviet Union then handed over the city to the government of the Republic of China. China People's Liberation Army captured the city in April 1946. 1949 was changed to the capital of Songjiang province, and 1954 was changed to the capital of Heilongjiang province.
In August, 1999, 1 1, eight counties originally assigned to Songhua River were merged into Harbin, and Harbin became a sub-provincial city.