Explanation:

Metaphor shows off skills in front of experts. Mostly used for self-modesty.

Quarrying a pile of soil by the river, Li Bai is famous for ages;

There are poems coming and going, making a big axe in front of Lu Ban.

This is a poem named Li Bais Tomb written by Mei Zhihuan in Ming Dynasty. Li Bai, whose word is too white, likes drinking, and is called Li Chenxian, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. There are all kinds of myths and legends about his death. For example, some people say that Li Bai visited Dongting, Yueyang and Jinling (now Nanjing) in his later years. One day, boating quarried by the river (quarrying, in today's dangtu county, Anhui Province, bordering the Yangtze River in the north). At night, the moon was bright as day, and Li Bai was drunk on the boat. When he saw the shadow of the moon in the water, he bent down to catch it and fell into the river. Some legends are even more magical. It is said that at this moment, there was a sudden storm on the river, and a giant whale and two fairies appeared, tinkling in their hands, asking Li Bai to sit on the whale's back, led by music, and flew away. Of course, these legends can't be believed, but in quarrying, many places of interest appeared later. There are not only Li Bais Tomb, but also the Fairy Tower and the Moon-catching Pavilion, which have aroused the interest of countless tourists. It's ridiculous that some tourists who want to pretend to be elegant even make up questions in Li Bais Tomb. This poem by Mei Zhihuan is a mockery of such tourists. He thinks that scribbling crooked poems on the grave of a great poet is simply "making a big axe in front of Lu Ban"-too careless.

It is said that Lu Ban, who has lost his surname, was a native of Lu during the Warring States period, also known as Lu. He is an expert in making precision instruments, and people call him an "able man". People always think that he is the ancestor of carpenters. Who dares to show off his axe skills in front of Lu Ban? In other words, trying to show your skills in front of experts is a ridiculous act of being too modest, which is called "playing axe in front of Lu Ban" or "playing axe in front of the door". It is similar to the saying that "playing a big knife in front of Guan Gong".

2. The story of giving up halfway

Explanation: Give up halfway and stop moving forward. Metaphor does things with a beginning and no end.

This idiom comes from the Book of Rites. The doctrine of the mean. A gentleman follows the Tao, half wipes it (that is, the Tao) and abandons it. I can do it.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a wise woman in Henan County. People don't know her name, only know that she is the wife of Le Yangzi.

One day, Le Yangzi found a piece of gold on the road and gave it to his wife when he got home. The wife said, "I heard that ambitious people don't drink stolen spring water because its name is disgusting;" I would rather starve to death than eat the food given by others. What's more, pick up other people's lost music. This will tarnish the role. "Yue Yangzi was ashamed of his wife's words, so he threw the gold into the wild and went far away to find a teacher to learn.

A year later, Le Yangzi returned. His wife knelt down and asked him why he came home. Le Yangzi said, "I feel homesick after going out for a long time, and there is no other reason." After listening to this, the wife took a knife and went to the loom and said, "The silks and silks woven by this loom are all made of silkworm cocoons and woven on the loom. A little at a time, only one inch long; Inch by inch, you will get a job, even a horse. If I cut it off today, all my previous efforts will be in vain, and the previous time will be in vain. "

The wife went on to say, "The same is true of reading. When you accumulate knowledge, you should acquire new knowledge every day, so as to improve your conduct day by day. If you leave halfway, what's the difference with cutting silk? "

Le Yangzi was deeply moved by his wife's words, so he went to finish his studies and didn't go home for seven consecutive years.

3. The story of breaking up

Source: Biography of the Northern History of Wei Imperial Clan and HeJian Qigong Gao Zu said, "Luo Yang, I am rich and expensive, so we should go our separate ways. From now on, you can branch. "

Interpretation: "Raise your arms", raise your whip and ride forward. Go your own way, metaphorically speaking, go your own way and do your own thing.

Story: In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a man named Yuan Qi in the Northern Wei Dynasty. He is very talented and has made many contributions. The emperor respected him very much and named him Hejian Gong. Yuan Qi has a son named Yuan Zhi. He is brilliant and well-read. He is a talented but proud young man. Emperor Xiaowen appreciated him very much and appointed him as Luoyang Order. Soon, Emperor Xiaowen accepted the suggestion of the captain emperor Li Biao and moved the capital from Pingcheng, Shaanxi Province to Luoyang. In this way, Luoyang has become a "Jing". In Luoyang, Yuan Zhi, by virtue of his talents, often showed contempt for some high-ranking court officials without higher education.

On one occasion, Yuan Zhi went out to play, and it happened that Li Biao's carriage came quickly from the opposite side. According to the truth, Yuan Zhi's position is smaller than that of Li Biao, and he should make way for Li Biao, but he always looked down on Li Biao and refused to make way. Seeing that he was so arrogant, Li Biao publicly questioned Yuan Zhi: "I am a suggestion lieutenant, and my official position is much bigger than yours. Why not make way for me? " Yuan Zhi refused to buy Li Biao's account and said, "I am a local official in Luoyang. In my eyes, you are just a resident of Luoyang. How do local officials make way for residents? " The two men met each other halfway and quarreled. So they came to Emperor Xiaowen to evaluate the reasons. Li Biao said that he was a "suggestion lieutenant" and how dare local officials confront him in Luoyang, but Ju Ran refused to give way. Yuan Zhi said that he was the chief executive of the capital, and everyone living in Luoyang was registered in the household registration he was responsible for. How could he make way for an imperial lieutenant like an ordinary magistrate? After listening to their arguments, Emperor Xiaowen felt that each had its own reasons and could not reprimand any of them, so he smiled and said, "Luoyang is my capital. After listening to it, I feel that you have your own reasons. I think you can go separately, can't you? "

4. The story of three visits to the cabin

The yellow turban insurrectionary uprising at the end of Han Dynasty caused great chaos in the world. Cao Cao sat in the imperial court, while Sun Quan supported Dongwu. Liu Bei, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, heard from Xu Shu (a famous digger in the Three Kingdoms period) and (a famous counselor in the Three Kingdoms period) that Zhuge Liang was well-read, so he came to Wolonggang in Longzhong (now Xiangyang County, Hubei Province) with gifts and invited Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain to help him do things for the country. It happened that Zhuge Liang was out that day, so Liu Bei had to turn back in disappointment. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm and invited them for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a walk again. Zhang Fei doesn't want to come again. Seeing that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out of the mountain to help him save the country's crisis.

After a while, Liu Bei was a vegetarian for three days and was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may have a hollow reputation, but he may not have real talent and learning, so there is no need to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, advocated calling alone and tying the ground with a rope when he didn't come. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and went to visit Zhuge Liang with them for the third time. At this time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei dare not disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other.

Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was interested in doing things for the country and sincerely asked him for help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Han Shu Dynasty.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms called Liu Bei's three personal invitations to Zhuge Liang "three visits to the cottage". In Zhuge Liang's famous "Teacher's Table", there is also a saying that "the first emperor was unkind to his minister, was wronged by his accusation, and took care of his minister in the grass." Sentence. So when the world saw someone go to that person's home several times in a row and ask the person he admired to help him, he quoted this sentence to describe his desire and sincere mood. In other words, I'm not ashamed to ask, I'm seeking the virtuous with an empty mind.

5. The story of a sweet mouth and a sword.

Source: "The First Year of Zi Changkong" Li is the prime minister, especially avoiding the scribes, or being kind to Yang and swallowing his sweet words. Everyone says that Li "has honey in his mouth and a sword in his stomach"

Interpretation: Metaphorical words are sweet and sweet as honey, but the plot in the stomach is harmful to people.

Story: Li Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was the official residence of the "Ministry of War Shangshu" and "Secretariat of History" and the post of prime minister.

This person is not bad if he is talented, and he can write and draw well. But when it comes to morality, it's terrible. He is jealous and does harm to others, and he will do whatever it takes to repel and attack anyone with better talent, higher prestige and similar power status. For Tang Xuanzong, he had a skill of filling and flattering. He tried his best to accommodate Xuanzong, using various methods to please his favorite concubines and trusted eunuchs, and gained their love and support to keep his position. When Li is in contact with people, he always shows an amiable appearance on the outside, and says some beautiful "good words" in his mouth, but in fact his character is very cunning, and he often harms people in secret. For example, once, he pretended to be sincere and said to his colleague Li, "Huashan produces a lot of gold." If it can be mined, it will greatly increase the wealth of the country. Unfortunately, the emperor doesn't know yet. Li thought this was a fact, so he hurried to suggest Xuanzong to mine quickly. Tang Xuanzong was very happy and immediately called Li to discuss. Li said to him, "I have known this for a long time. Huashan Mountain is a place where the emperor's geomantic omen is concentrated. How can you just mine? I'm afraid others' advice to you and me is malicious; I tried to tell you about it several times, but I was afraid to speak. " Xuanzong was moved by his words and thought that he was really a loyal and patriotic courtier. On the contrary, he was dissatisfied with Yi Shi and gradually alienated him. In this way, with this special "skill", Li became the prime minister for nineteen years. Later, Sima Guang made an evaluation of Li Jin when he compiled "A Mirror with Resources", pointing out that he was a man with ulterior motives, which was very realistic.

6. The story of sleeping on the laurel tree.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a war between wuyue. Yue was defeated by Wu, and Gou Jian was captured by Fu Cha. Later, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, released Gou Jian and sent him back to Huiji, the capital of Yue. Gou Jian hangs a gallbladder in the place where he sits and lies, and lies on the straw at night, facing the gallbladder. Try gall at dinner every day. Always ask yourself: "Have you forgotten the humiliation of being defeated?" In this way, Gou Jian and Tong Gan * * * and * * mutually assured destruction. After ten years of development, production and training, Fu Cha was finally defeated and Wu was destroyed in 473 BC.

7. Stories about learning from others.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a girl named. She is beautiful and beautiful, and her movements are touching. His heart hurts. When he is ill, he always puts his hand over his chest and frowned. Because people like her, she is morbid, charming and lovely in people's eyes. In the neighboring village of Shishi, there is an ugly girl named Dongshi. She always tries her best to dress herself up. Once I met Shi on the road. I saw Shi covering his chest with his hand and frowning. It was beautiful. She thinks it is no wonder that others say she is beautiful, so she behaves like this. If I do this posture, I will be beautiful. So she imitated Shi's illness. As a result, people were ugly when they saw her, and now she has become this crazy look. Like seeing a ghost, they quickly closed the door.

8. the story of preventing micro-duration

Explanation: nip in the bud and put an end to things.

This idiom comes from Ding Hongchuan in the later Han Dynasty. If the government is responsible for bowing, Du gradually prevents sprouting, exterminates the fierce demon and eliminates the harm.

After the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor acceded to the throne, Dou Taihou came to power. Her brother, Dou Xianguan, is a general. He appointed Dou's brother as a civil and military official and held the military and political power of the country. Seeing this phenomenon, many ministers are very anxious, and they are all worried about the Korean family. Minister Ding Hong is one of them.

Ding Hong is very learned, and he has a lot of research on classic works. He was very angry with Dou Taihou's authoritarian power and determined to get rid of this scourge for his country. A few years later, there was a solar eclipse in the sky. Ding Hong wrote to the emperor with this ominous sign at that time, pointing out the harm of Dou Jiaquan to the country and suggesting that this phenomenon should be changed quickly. And the emperor had this kind of feeling and plan, so he quickly dismissed Dou Xian's office, and Dou Xian and his brothers committed suicide.

In his last book to the emperor He, he said that if the emperor personally cleans up politics, he should pay attention to preventing accidents from happening when they begin to sprout, so as to eliminate hidden dangers and enable the country to maintain long-term stability.

9. the story of buying gifts and returning pearls

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a businessman in the State of Chu who specialized in selling jewelry. Once he went to Qi State to sell jewelry. For the sake of good business and best-selling jewelry, he specially made many small boxes with precious wood, which were beautifully carved and decorated, so that the boxes would give off a fragrance, and then put the jewelry in the boxes. A man from Zheng saw the box containing the orb exquisite and beautiful. After asking the price, he bought one, opened the box, took out the treasure inside and gave it back to the jeweler.

10 eloquent story

Source: "Wang Jin Yanyun Book Guo Xiang Biography": "It sounds like an endless stream."

Interpretation: Hanging River, Waterfall. Talk like a waterfall. Describing eloquence is also a metaphor for being very talkative.

Story: During the Jin Dynasty, there was a great scholar named Guo Xiang.

He was already a very talented person when he was young. In particular, he can carefully observe some phenomena in daily life and then calmly think about the truth. So his knowledge is very profound, and he often has original opinions on things. Later, he devoted himself to the study of Laozi and Zhuangzi and had a deep understanding of Laozi and Zhuangzi. After some years, the court sent someone to invite him again and again. He really couldn't refuse, so he agreed to go to North Korea and wait for Lang. When he arrived in Beijing, he was able to talk about everything clearly because of his rich knowledge. Besides, his eloquence is very good and he likes to express his opinions very much, so whenever people listen to him, they feel with relish. At that time, there was a captain named Wang Yan who appreciated Guo Xiang's eloquence very much. He often praised Guo Xiang in front of others, saying, "Listening to Guo Xiang is like an upside-down river that keeps pouring down and never dries up." Guo Xiang's eloquence illustrates this point. Later, people described people as "eloquent" and good at talking. Once they talked, the river gushed upside down and never stopped.

1 1 the story of offering a humble apology

During the Warring States period, there were seven great powers, namely, Qin, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, which were called "Seven Heroes of the Warring States" in history. Of these seven countries, Qin is the most powerful. Qin often bullies Zhao On one occasion, the Prince of Zhao sent Lin Xiangru, the servant of the minister, to the State of Qin to negotiate. When Lin Xiangru met the King of Qin, with his wit and courage, he won a lot of face for Zhao. The king of Qin saw that Zhao had such talents and dared not look down upon Zhao again. The prince of Zhao saw that Lin Xiangru was so capable. He was named "Shangqing" (equivalent to the later prime minister).

The prince of Zhao valued Lin Xiangru very much and was furious with General Zhao Lian Po. He thought: I worked hard for Zhao and earned as much money as Lin Xiangru, didn't I? Lin Xiangru with his mouth open, what's the great skill, status is higher than me! The more he thought about it, the more unconvinced he became. He said angrily, "If I run into Lin Xiangru, I'll embarrass him face to face and see what he can do to me!"

Lian Po's words reached Lin Xiangru's ears. Lin Xiangru immediately ordered his men to meet Lian Po's men in the future, so they must make way and not quarrel with them. He went out by car. As soon as I hear that Lian Po is ahead, let the coachman drive into the alley and wait for Lian Po to pass.

People in Lian Po were even more carried away when they saw Shangqing let his master go like this. When they saw Lin Xiangru's people, they laughed at them. Lin Xiangru's men couldn't stand this anger, so they said to Lin Xiangru, "Your position is higher than that of General Lian. When he scolds you, you avoid him and let him go, and he will no longer take you seriously! We can't stand it like this. "

Lin Xiangru asked them calmly: "Compared with the king of Qin, who is better?" Everyone said, "Of course, the king of Qin is awesome." Lin Xiangru said, "Yes! I'm not afraid of the king of Qin, so am I afraid of even the general? You know, the state of Qin now dares not fight Zhao, because the domestic civil servants and military commanders are United. We are like two tigers. If two tigers fight, one of them will be injured or even killed, which gives a good opportunity to attack Zhao. Think about it, what matters is the country or the personal face? "

Lin Xiangru's men were very moved. When they saw Lian Po's men, they were very cautious and always let them go.

Lin Xiangru's remarks later reached the ears of Lian Po. Lian Po was extremely ashamed. He took off his sleeves, bared his shoulders, carried a thorn, and went straight to Lin Xiangru's house. Lin Xiangru hurriedly came out to meet Lian Po. Lian Po knelt down to Lin Xiangru, holding Vitex negundo in his hands, and asked Lin Xiangru to whip himself. Lin Xiangru threw Vitex negundo on the ground, hurriedly lifted Lian Po up with both hands, dressed him, and held his hand to let him sit down.

Lin Xiangru and Lian Po became good friends from then on. These two men are skilled in writing, fighting for their country, and Qin is even more afraid to bully Zhao. "offer a humble apology" has become an idiom, meaning to apologize to others and admit one's mistakes.