Basic introduction Chinese name: jazz mbth: JAZZ Foundation: Blue Origin: American southern jazz, root, origin, style, classification, jazz dance, introduction, new, action elements, jazz piano, jazz rap, jazz roots The real origin of jazz is poverty. 1865, the American civil war ended. In the past, black slaves were free, but their lives were still very difficult. Most of them can't read, and they only entertain themselves by the music cultivated in their native land. Singing labor trumpets and agricultural songs when picking cotton, singing hymns and hymns at church gatherings in apartheid, and improvising with banjo accompaniment by solo singers. In the church, the black priest borrowed the English lead singer to solve the problem of singing without words. The standard form of concerts in the last century, that is, the music of military bands and dance bands at that time, influenced the earliest mainstream expression of jazz. These instruments: brass instruments, reed instruments and drums have become the basic instruments of jazz. The birthplace of jazz-New Orleans jazz was born in the southern American city of New Orleans at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, the French ruled New Orleans. Due to loose management, many African blacks fled to New Orleans from slave owners in the southern United States and enjoyed the status of "free blacks". Due to the freedom of marriage, a large number of mixed-race blacks and Creoles appeared in the combination of African blacks and French. "By the end of 19, except for whites and blacks, the rest of New Orleans residents were Creole mixed-race blacks. Before the civil war, Creoles enjoyed the same status as whites and received a good education, including classical music education. After the Civil War, they were forced to associate with blacks because of the implementation of the new apartheid law. The combination of black African music tradition and Creole classical music training has played a very good role in the production of jazz. New Orleans has always adopted a more tolerant attitude towards blacks. When other cities discriminated against blacks and suppressed the development of black music, New Orleans still allowed blacks to play and sing in the streets to make a living. New Orleans was also the only city in the United States that practiced open prostitution at that time. Many brothels, casinos and entertainment places provide many opportunities for blacks to make a living. In addition, New Orleans used to be the production center of American wind instruments. Wind instruments are very cheap, and almost any black person can easily buy second-hand, so small wind bands can be seen everywhere. It is for these reasons that jazz has been fully brewed and developed rapidly in New Orleans. Style Jazz has won the audience's love for its dynamic syncopated rhythm, fully functional jazz scales and unconventional improvisation (or singing), and has also been recognized by people from all walks of life in the music field. It originated from Bruce and Ragtime. After a whole century of development, it is now colorful and full of flowers. Since the birth of the first jazz record 19 17, it has shown great development potential. New Orleans jazz in the early 20th century, swing music played by big bands in the 1930s, Bibpop jazz in the 40s, cold jazz in the late 40s, hard pop jazz in the 1950s, free jazz in the 1960s, rock jazz after the 1970s, and then jazz records of different styles merged into a history of jazz development. Classification Although the modern recording industry sometimes divides jazz into traditional jazz and modern jazz, traditional jazz refers to jazz that uses 4/4 beat marching bands to play related works, while modern jazz refers to jazz that uses bass to play dance music. This distinction sometimes seems beyond doubt. By this standard, it is almost impossible to judge whether Kenny King's music belongs to modern jazz more than Bisir Taylor's. In fact, the two related concepts of tradition and modernity are not accurate in classifying the types of jazz, which causes the problem that some excellent works with both modern and traditional styles cannot be classified, because the development of jazz in the past 100 years is continuous. Various styles and schools also have their interrelations. Generally speaking, it can be divided into the following 19 styles: Ragtime, New Orleans, standard (mainstream jazz), classical (Dixieland jazz), cool jazz (cold jazz or west coast jazz) and big band jazz (swing jazz). Bop (Pop Jazz) Latin (Latin Jazz) Brazilian Jazz (Brazilian Jazz) Avant-garde (Avant-garde Jazz) Post-Bop or Mainstream Jazz (Post-Pop Jazz or Modern Mainstream Jazz) Third Stream (Third Genre Jazz) Hard-core Bop Free Jazz. (Free Jazz) Fusion Jazz Cross-border Jazz (Cross-border Jazz) Introduction to jazz There are many kinds of jazz, such as street jazz, power jazz, modern jazz, sexy jazz and new jazz. Street jazz is composed of power jazz, FUNKY and some HIPHOP elements! Power jazz, with strong observability, is a kind of power jazz, which pays great attention to the outbreak and control of power. This is a very exciting modern jazz, which evolved from ballet and is a very gentleman and elegant dance. Sexy jazz is also one of the basic dances of other dances. Sexy jazz is mainly for girls. The basic requirement is the perfect combination of shoulder, waist and crotch movements and music. The dancer's sense of music, flexibility and body control are required to be higher. The dance steps that need explosive power should be strong and the places that need softness should be very sexy. The new jazz dance is the jazz dance we usually dance now, but with more postures. . FUNKY JAZZ is similar to POWER JAZZ and one of its strengths, but he pays attention to the combination of strength and process, and jumps like PUNKY in HIPHOP. Note: Reggae does not belong to jazz, and music and dance are different elements from jazz. The only thing they have in common is sexy new new jazz (Chinese translation is not new jazz, the full name is new york jazz). In fact, new jazz is the jazz we usually dance now, but with a little more posture. In the past, we may dance first and then find music, but trendy jazz has music, which is combined with choreography, like all kinds of music MTV. New Jazz evolved from new york's ballet. . . Created the hip-hop charm of ballet. In fact, the characteristics of new jazz can also be said to be a dance of jazz and hip-hop. The characteristics of new jazz are: the extension of body. Every movement of new jazz has a fixed angle and swing. When dancing the new jazz dance, the hand movements will feel infinitely extended. It feels like someone is holding your hand. The main dancers who dance new jazz are Janet Jackson, An Shi and Chae Yeon. The dances of Lee Hyo Ri, Tianwu and Bao Er are also part of the new jazz. This is the most basic thing I completely forgot to say! Janet Jackson and An Shih Hui are two famous artists who dance new jazz in the world. Neo-Jazz evolved from the ballet of new york in the early days, but people gradually discovered the charm of hip-hop in ballet through Ja Jackson's "If" MTV. An Shi * * * is the representative of the Asian region. An Shi * * * meeting, such a dance came into being, and then NewJazz began to have its own unique dance style and terms. Most of the jazz dancers in our country are girls, which has a lot to do with the charming feeling of dancers dancing the new jazz dance. New jazz, also known as strength jazz, requires every movement to be explosive and wild, but it is different from the new jazz in hip-hop. Action element 1. Bend your knees to bring your center of gravity closer to the ground. Keep the center of gravity low, make the lower limbs elastic, and at the same time keep the joints of the upper body relaxed, and quickly make the movements required in the rhythm, so as to diversify the movements. 2. Moving the center of gravity quickly, especially the posture of moving horizontally, is the performance of jazz dancing skills. 3. Let the head, shoulders, waist, buttocks, trunk and other parts of the body do independent movements. 4. Emphasize angle and linear motion. 5. A segmentation method that uses rhythmic and complex segmentation actions to express the rhythm in the action. For example, in an action, we put the remake on our heads or hands, and the actions of our hands and heads are cut out from our own actions during the action, not at the same time. That is to say, an action can be completed in one beat, but now we divide it into four beats and the action is also divided into four parts. 6. Multi-rhythm quickly expresses two or three rhythms with the body at the same time. Jazz piano Jazz piano originated from a kind of piano music called "ragtime", which is a transliteration of ragtime, meaning "uneven beat". Therefore, it is also called "Sanpai Music". It developed from African folk music and won the favor of pop fans and piano players all over the world with its rich segmentation and free improvisation. Jazz, in particular, belongs to pop music. Pop music works that can skillfully add jazz factors often stand out because of their unique style and rich changes. The performance characteristics of jazz piano can be roughly divided into four types: the first type is the "long span" performance method, that is, the left hand makes a continuous big jump while playing, forming a distinctive "striding bass", which often appears in ragtime and early jazz. The second is Boogie Woogie, which is a fast blues piano style and has a great influence on jazz piano. " Buji-black-bone chicken often uses "rolling", which is called rolling in English to reflect its characteristics. In addition, it often plays a fixed bass with the left hand to set off the complex melody of the right hand. The bass sound patterns of Buji-Wuji mainly include the octave bass decomposition of "Zou" and the repetition of "two tones". Example: The octave bass of March is decomposed into 5 5 b3 2 | 1 1 b7 5 |, repeating "two tones". The third method is "Bopu" performance, which is characterized by fragmented rhythm and incoherent melody. Sometimes the right hand plays a series of monosyllabic notes continuously from time to time. It got its name because it was developed from Sir Bibop. Another kind of jazz piano is not actually a playing method, but often appears in slow jazz (such as cold jazz) and forms its own school. Its characteristic is that on the basis of binary or longer time values, some divisions are added from time to time by using complete or relatively complete * * * to reflect the sense of relaxation of slow jazz. The key to jazz piano performance lies in mastering improvisation skills and styles. For those who have received good training in traditional piano performance, they may not be able to play a jazz piano style or "ragtime" piano music well without special study. Improvisation of jazz piano needs a certain theory and a lot of practical accumulation as the foundation. Jazz rap jazz-rap is an attempt to combine early black music with today's mainstream music style. The latter gradually occupies an absolute position, which makes the former glow again. The rhythm of jazz rap is exactly the same as hip-hop, and the material and music structure are taken from cool jazz, soul jazz and tough guy. Compared with other hip-hop styles, jazz rap is more rational, and its artists also show a political consciousness and historical style centered on Africa when performing. Because of these rational characteristics, it is not surprising that rap has never been loved by the public, but it is more than that. In the early 1990s, jazz rap designed itself as a positive and clear style compared with the way taken by * * * (hardcore) /gangsta, thus inheriting the rap trend. However, due to the growing influence of hip-hop among fans, music hostile to the old city cannot be recognized and accepted. Jazz rap has a large number of fans on campus and is also appreciated by some art critics and other white rock fans. The African Center rap organization, a free group established in new york, is the most important backbone of jazz rap. It has a tribe called Quest, De La Soul and Jungle Brothers, as well as some famous early artists such as Digable Plas and Gang Starr. From the mid-1990s to the end of last century, although rap jazz basically included their own energetic hip-hop arrangement, it was no longer a unique and monotonous music form because of the involvement of alternative rap in a wider range of expressions.