Ding 'ao Myrica rubra grows in Ding 'ao, located in Chashan Town, ouhai district, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province.
According to legend, as early as the Jiaqing period of the Ming Dynasty, there was a Myrica rubra tree under the cliff of Ding 'ao. Because the cliff is cool and moderate, the soil is loose and thick, and it grows particularly lush. The produced bayberry tastes sweet and delicious. For a long time, the local Myrica rubra is dominated by water chestnut species, such as Myrica rubra, Dongkui plum and late rice plum. By chance, farmers in Ding 'ao village picked bayberries under the cliff and sold them in the city. After people tasted it, they were amazed and thought that its color and taste were the best in Wenzhou Yangmei.
On April 23, 2007, the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine approved the protection of geographical indication products for "Ding 'ao Myrica rubra".
Chinese name: Ding 'ao Myrica rubra Origin Name: ouhai district, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province Quality characteristics: the meat column is full, round and blunt, tender and crisp, and does not prick. Geographical indications: approval number of geographical indications products of AQSIQ: Announcement No.66 of AQSIQ in 2007. Approval date: April 23, 2007, product characteristics, characteristics, nutritional value, medicinal value and production environment. Overview, climate, soil, historical origin, production situation, product honor, geographical indications, regional protection scope, quality and technical requirements, use of special signs, history and culture, product characteristics, full and dull pulp column, tender and crisp without thorns, purple-black color, long and green fruit stalk, and red spherical protrusion at the base of fruit stalk, commonly known as "red plate and green pedicle". Ding 'ao Myrica rubra is one of the four excellent Myrica rubra varieties in Zhejiang Province, and it is the best fresh food among Myrica rubra. Its characteristics are as follows: (1) Good quality: the fruit is bright in color, soft and juicy, sweet and sour, with big pits and small pits, and is known as "green-pedicled red dish". ⑵ Premature delivery: It can be put into production in 4-5 years after grafting, and it will be abundant in 7-8 years. (3) High yield: the average yield per mu 1000 kg, and the highest yield is above 1500 kg. ⑷ Long service life: the production period is 70-80 years, and the longest can reach more than 100 years. 5. Beautiful tree shape: The tree is short and has a natural round head. [6] Good benefit: the average output value per mu reaches 10,000 yuan. The nutritional value of Myrica rubra is a kind of natural green health food with high nutritional value. According to the determination, the soluble solid content of high-quality Myrica rubra pulp is 12- 13%, and the acid content is 0.5- 1.0%. It is rich in vitamins, anthocyanins, a certain amount of protein, fat, pectin and eight amino acids beneficial to human body, and the contents of calcium, phosphorus and iron are higher than those of other fruits 10. Medicinal value Myrica rubra has many medicinal functions, such as promoting digestion, protecting against cold, relieving summer-heat, relieving diarrhea, inducing diuresis, treating dysentery, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, clearing stomach and intestines, relieving vexation, eliminating anger and eliminating pathogenic factors. Li Shizhen said in Compendium of Materia Medica that Myrica rubra "can quench thirst, harmonize five internal organs, clean stomach and intestines, and get rid of annoyance and anger." . Modern science and technology have proved that proanthocyanidins in Myrica rubra have the functions of reducing blood lipid, dilating blood vessels, protecting vascular endothelial cells and inhibiting thrombosis. Reduce blood lipid and fatty liver; It can alleviate the contraction of coronary artery and the heart injury caused by myocardial ischemia; By inhibiting the formation of angiotensin and improving vascular elasticity, it has obvious antihypertensive effect. Overview of Origin Environment Ouhai is located in the southeast of Zhejiang Province, on the south bank of the lower reaches of Oujiang River, between the north latitude12019'-120 55' and the north latitude 27 55'-2810'. Mountains and rivers, plains, rivers and streams crisscross the territory, with beautiful scenery. Known as "six mountains, one water and three fields". Ding 'ao Village is the birthplace of Ding 'ao Myrica rubra. East, south and north are surrounded by mountains on three sides, shaped like a mountain bucket. It slopes from southeast to northwest and is a tributary of Wenruitang River. The rolling mountains are a branch of Rhoda Mountain. It is the intersection of plain water network and mountainous area, with superior natural conditions. Myrica rubra Ding 'ao is generally cultivated at an altitude of 5 meters to 350 meters, with a slope of 15-45. With the help of large water bodies and mountains, the temperature and humidity are adjusted, and there is no heat in summer and no cold in winter. Ouhai is a subtropical maritime climate, with mild and humid all year round, abundant rainfall and sunshine, short winter and long summer, four distinct seasons, synchronous changes of water and heat, and annual relative humidity of 80%. It is very suitable for planting bayberry. Soil Myrica rubra is suitable for growth in red soil, yellow-red soil subclass and yellow soil genus. Ding 'ao Myrica rubra Garden has deep soil, soft soil and good drainage. According to the analysis of slope soil at different altitudes of Tongqian Mountain at the foot of the mountain, the organic matter content is 2.47% and the PH value is 5.7, which is called "arsenic leakage soil" locally. This kind of soil is the most ideal soil type of Myrica rubra. The geographical and historical origins of Ouhai. The history of Myrica rubra in China, also known as Qin Long and Zhu Hong, is named because it is shaped like a poplar and tastes like a plum. Myrica rubra is one of the specialty fruits in China, and it is known as "a doubtful fruit is worth a thousand dollars". In wuyue, it is also known as "Yangmeisheng Litchi". Myrica rubra fruit is bright, juicy, sweet and sour, and has high nutritional value. Myrica rubra has a long history of growth and cultivation. In 1980s, wild Myrica rubra seeds were discovered in the excavation of Hemudu site in Zhejiang. Based on this calculation, the growth history of Myrica rubra can be traced back to 7000 years ago. As for the history of artificial cultivation of Myrica rubra, it was first seen in Shang Fulin written by Sima Xiangru in the second century BC, in which the word "jujube Myrica rubra" was the first attempt to introduce southern Myrica rubra into Chang 'an. 1972, an earthenware pot containing the fruits and seeds of Myrica rubra was excavated in Mawangdui ancient tomb on the outskirts of Changsha, Hunan. After identification, it is exactly the same as Myrica rubra cultivated today. In recent years, there are many well-preserved Myrica rubra stones in the ancient tombs of the Western Han Dynasty unearthed in Radish Bay, Gui County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Lu Jia of Han Dynasty wrote in Travel Notes of South Vietnam: "At the top of Luofu Mountain, there is a lake surrounded by bayberry and peach blossoms." It is proved that the history of artificial cultivation of Myrica rubra in China began at the latest in the Western Han Dynasty. Second, the history of Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty (1488- 1505), there was a record that Wenzhou was rich in Myrica rubra, which has been more than 500 years. In the eighth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1882), Yongjia County Annals contained: "Yangmei, born in the past, tastes good today." It shows that the quality of Myrica rubra in Chashan Dingao was well-known more than 100 years ago. At that time, the Wenzhou folk song "Chashan Yandang Drinks Myrica rubra, Jiangxin Dianhou Anchovies" best reflected the status of Chashan Dingao Myrica rubra in Wenzhou people's minds. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the production and sales table of bayberry in Zhejiang Province recorded that the production of bayberry in Yongjia (now Ouhai, Wenzhou) reached 7,500 tons, of which 1350 tons was shipped to Shanghai, indicating that the production of bayberry in Chashan was very considerable during the Republic of China, and its market popularity had expanded to Shanghai and other places. Ding 'ao Yangmei originated in Ding 'ao Village, Chashan Street. Because of its sweet and sour taste, purple-black color and special fruit stalk, it has the reputation of "red dish with green pedicle" According to the records of Wenzhou in Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty (1488- 1505), "Yangmei, Taishun wins", and Yongjia County in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty (1882) records: "Yangmei was produced by old people, but it tastes better today". It has been cultivated for more than 500 years, and an ancient bayberry tree of 150 years is still preserved in Luosheng village. Production situation 1958, the production of red bayberry in Ding 'ao fell into a trough. In August of that year, there was a big steelmaking movement in China, and a blast furnace for steelmaking was built in Chashan. Because steelmaking requires a lot of charcoal, many Myrica rubra trees are cut down. By 1960, Myrica rubra had been cut down to less than 1000 mu. The number of Myrica rubra trees in Chashan decreased sharply, and the Myrica rubra industry in Chashan almost suffered a disaster. After grafting, Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao will take 3-4 years to bear fruit, and it will take 65,438+00 years to enter the full fruit period. However, the previous large-scale logging has done great damage to Yangmei in Ding 'ao. Many years after the "Cultural Revolution", Yangmei was in a state of low tide and mobility. In the early 1980s, the industrial development of Myrica rubra in Ouhai reached a new peak, and the planting area was expanded from Chashan Town, an old producing area, to Myrica rubra producing areas such as Quxi, Guoxi, Panqiao and Zeya, with a planting area of 28,000 mu and an annual output of 1. 1 10,000 tons and an annual output value of 1. 1 100 million yuan. 1992, the Variety Naming Committee of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Agriculture named Chashan Myrica rubra as "Ouhai Dingao Myrica rubra". Through a series of pollution-free production and planting management, the Yangmei base in Ding 'ao has improved the quality, yield, market visibility and commodity rate of Yangmei in Ding 'ao, occupying an absolute market advantage in southern Zhejiang and becoming the most advantageous agricultural product with local characteristics in ouhai district. During the period of 1998, Ouhai led the whole province to carry out the early-maturing experiment of Myrica rubra in greenhouse in Ding 'ao, and achieved success. In 2005, the planting area of Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao reached 28,000 mu, with an annual output of 6,000 tons and an annual output of 60 million yuan, which were exported to more than 20 countries and regions such as Japan, the United States and Israel. Ouhai district initiated the protection measures for geographical indication products of Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao, and formulated the protection measures for geographical indication products of Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao and the overall plan for the development of Myrica rubra industry in ouhai district (2006-20 15). In 2007, Myrica rubra in Dingao, Ouhai was protected by geographical indication products. By 20 10, the cultivated area of Myrica rubra in ouhai district is 35,000 mu, with an annual output of over ten thousand tons and an output value of over one hundred million yuan. Ding 'ao Myrica rubra Product Honor Ding 'ao Myrica rubra won the first prize in the fresh fruit appraisal of the fifth national Myrica rubra cooperation seminar, passed the national pollution-free agricultural product certification, and successively won the gold medal and silver award of Zhejiang Agricultural Expo, Zhejiang Top Ten Myrica rubra, Wenzhou agricultural famous brand products and other honors. Therefore, Chashan was named "the hometown of Myrica rubra in Zhejiang Province" and Ouhai was named "the hometown of Myrica rubra in China". On April 23, 2007, the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine approved the protection of geographical indication products for "Ding 'ao Myrica rubra". Geographical Indication Area Protection Scope The protection scope of geographical indication products of Myrica rubra in Ding 'ao is subject to the scope proposed by the People's * * * of ouhai district, Wenzhou on the Delimitation of the Protection Area of Myrica rubra Origin Products in Ding 'ao (No.38 [2005] of Wen 'ou Government), which is the administrative area under the jurisdiction of ouhai district, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Quality and technical requirements (1) The site conditions are below 300 meters above sea level, and the annual effective accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃, ranging from 5200℃ to 6500℃. The soil type is sandy red loam, with soil layer ≥ 40cm and organic matter content ≥ 1.5%. (2) Seedling raising and garden building 1. Seedling: select scions from pure plants of Myrica rubra, select suitable rootstocks, and cultivate excellent seedlings through grafting propagation. 2. Garden construction: Build horizontal terraces or fish scale pits on sloping land for planting, with planting density ≤600 plants/hectare. (3) Soil management and fertilization 1. Soil management: natural grass planting method is adopted for cultivation, and the orchard is cultivated year by year. Mowing the grass before harvest and loosening the soil after harvest every year. 2. Fertilization: organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, with chemical fertilizer and foliar fertilizer. (4) After the hard-core period of flower and fruit management, artificial fruit thinning is carried out for 2-3 times, and 1 ~ 3 fruits are left in each fruiting branch. (5) The harvested and stored fruits are fully colored and harvested in batches and grades, and can be stored in ice packaging for 3-4 days. (6) Quality characteristics 1. Sensory characteristics: the pulp column is full and round, the meat is tender and crisp, and the color is purple and black; The fruit stalk is 2.5 cm to 3.5 cm long, and the base of the fruit stalk has a red spherical protrusion, commonly known as "red plate and green pedicle"; Average fruit weight ≥ 12g. 2. Physical and chemical indexes: soluble solids ≥ 10%, total acid ≤ 1.5%, and edible rate ≥85%. Producers who use the special signs for geographical indication products of Ding 'ao Myrica rubra may apply to Wenzhou ouhai district Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision for the use of the "special signs for geographical indication products", which shall be announced and approved by the AQSIQ. History and Culture Since Sima Xiangru, a litterateur of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote Yangmei in Shang Lin Fu, many famous writers in the past dynasties have written Yongmei's poems. Li Bai, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, said: "Myrica rubra is the king on the jade plate, and the house is as beautiful as flowers and snow." Bai Juyi wrote a poem about Yangmeihua, "Flowers are not flowers, and fog is not fog. Come at dawn and leave at midnight. When you come, it's like a spring dream, and when you go, there's nowhere to find the morning glow. Su Dongpo, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty who wrote down' 300 lychees a day, I will not hesitate to be a Lingnan person', once praised Yangmei:' Litchi in Fujian and grapes in the west are not as good as Yangmei in wuyue'. Later, there was a poem by Yang Meishi about Lu You: "The city is full of green trees and green hills, and Stan shines at the corner of the road. If you don't like a full plate of fire, you get a bead first. Obliquely insert Baoji to watch the boat and weave into the capital. Drunk and arrogant, I want to bring thousands of winds. "Sun Sheng is a member of the Ming dynasty does, Yuyao people, an official in Beijing, so you can't take care of both official business. When he thought that Myrica rubra was full of red mountains in summer solstice and insects were born in summer, he felt extremely depressed and wrote: "In the past, Myrica rubra was gorgeous in Xia Zi, and Candle Lake was even more admirable. Because the name is Golden Lady, I am not at home when I taste it every year. In the Qing Dynasty, the whole poem "White Myrica rubra" was recited: "White Myrica rubra was painted at the foot of a desolate mountain, and once entered the golden wind poem. If the Wanjin Lake doesn't go up, Su E will be covered with heavy snow. Yang Fangcan, his contemporaries, reminisced about the past in Myrica rubra in Maibeitang: "A bite of Xia Hong chews late at night, and the pool is fragrant and resentful. Who will pay me? I'm thirsty. I remember my family's fruit best these years. "