(1) In Rome in the 5th century BC, 12 Copper Table Law stipulated that if the debtor was absent at maturity, the creditor should make up for it and apply for enforcement before its chief executive. At this time, if the debtor still refuses to pay, and there is no guarantee, he must take the whole person away. He can be pushed home with a belt or fetters, but the maximum weight is 15 pounds.
What principles of Roman law are embodied in the above materials? How to understand the function of this principle?
A: Protecting private property is conducive to adjusting disputes in life and economy.
(2)19th century, the German bourgeois jurist Yelin thought that "Rome conquered the world three times, using force for the first time, religion for the second time and law for the third time. The third conquest may be the most peaceful and lasting one. "
What is the meaning of "the third conquest" in the material? What legal documents can be read in modern times to understand the specific situation of the "third conquest" of Roman law?
A: Roman law has had an important influence on the legal system of modern European and American countries. Bill of Rights, Declaration of Independence, Declaration of Human Rights, US Constitution 1787, etc.
72。 For more than a hundred years, it has been the unremitting pursuit of the people of China to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(1) Liang Qichao thinks that the awakening of China people's national consciousness in modern times is manifested as "First, I don't think any non-China people have the right to take charge of China's affairs. Secondly, I think everyone is from China. Have the right to take care of China. "
The May 4th Movement embodies the awakening of China people's national consciousness and illustrates it with concrete examples.
A: The May 4th Movement opposed the Paris Peace Conference and betrayed the interests of China. Young students are pioneers, the working class is the main force, and businessmen also participated in the patriotic struggle; The representative of China refused to sign the peace treaty.
(2) 1949 "Common Program" established the national structure of the new China, which has the nature of an interim constitution.
1954 constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), the first socialist constitution.
1982 the revision of the constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) has promoted the construction of democracy and legal system in the new period.
73. After the opening of the new sea route, western colonists engaged in the evil slave trade for 400 years.
(1) The slave trade, also known as the "triangle trade", describes the process of "triangle trade" gaining multiple benefits.
A: The colonists set out from Europe with weapons and cheap industrial products, bought a large number of slaves in Africa, transported them to America, and then returned to Europe in exchange for sugar, tobacco, gold and silver.
(2) Briefly analyze the role of slave trade in the development of capitalism.
A: A lot of wealth flowed into Europe, which became an important source of primitive accumulation of capital and promoted the development of capitalism.
(3) Briefly analyze the serious impact of the slave trade on Africa.
It has caused Africa to lose a large number of people and seriously damaged Africa's social economy.
75. Economic globalization is an important trend of world economic development since the second half of the 20th century. Most countries have adopted the market economy system, which is an important factor to promote economic globalization. Answer the following questions:
(1) Briefly describe the formation process of the capitalist world market.
A: Driven by long-term colonial plunder and two industrial revolutions, capitalist countries have turned vast areas in Asia, Africa and Latin America into raw material producing areas and commodity markets, forming a capitalist world market.
(2) The Soviet Union implemented a planned economy for a long time. How did the planned economic system of the Soviet Union disintegrate?
A: The Stalin model characterized by planned economy (or Stalin's economic system) has serious drawbacks. The reform of Soviet economic system failed, and the planned economic system disintegrated.
(3) Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, China has made remarkable achievements in reform and opening up. Briefly describe how the socialist market economy system in China was established.
A: China has made great progress in economic restructuring. Deng Xiaoping proposed to establish a socialist market economy. The 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that the goal of China's economic system reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further developed the theory of socialist market economy. China has established a socialist market economy system.
76。 Rousseau pointed out in On Social Contract that "social order is based on contract. All legislative systems can ultimately be summed up in two major goals: freedom and equality. There can be no equality and freedom. "
When studying French history, a classmate designed role-playing. Situation:/kloc-In France in the 0/8th century, a prosperous factory owner was unwilling to be a "man without pants" and appeared in social occasions panting in aristocratic clothes, and was laughed at by the count. Today, it seems that the factory owner who defended himself was charged with hurting others and disturbing public order.
Combining the above materials, teaching situations and knowledge, answer the following questions:
(1) Explain1the social order in France in the early 8th century from the perspective of political system.
A: The hierarchy under the protection of the French monarchy permeates all aspects of social life.
(2) Do you think the historical scene of the conflict between the factory owner and the count conforms to the history of France? State your reasons.
A: Yes. It is the performance of the emerging bourgeoisie challenging the feudal hierarchy in customs.
(3) If you are the defense lawyer of the factory owner, please write a defense for the factory owner in combination with Rousseau's point of view in the materials.
Analysis: The defense words can be said from the rational light of the enlightenment thought shining in France, and the concept of freedom and equality is increasingly recognized by the society.
77. This year marks the birthday 105 anniversary of Mao Zedong, a great man of the century. The history group held a study commemorative meeting. The whole class asked questions first and collected excellent answers.
Question 1: The commentary on the site of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China quoted Mao Zedong's famous saying, "A cannon of the October Revolution brought us Marxism." Let's talk about your understanding of this famous saying with historical facts.
A: Influenced by the first October Revolution, representatives of the New Culture Movement, such as Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu, began to publicize Marxism. Later, intellectuals with communist ideas in China established China with Marxism as the guiding ideology.
Question 2: When traveling to Jinggangshan, the local tour guide said, "If Shanghai has accepted China's Marxism, it is the birthplace of Jinggangshan Marxism." . Do you agree with this statement and give your reasons?
Yes, the birthplace of China. Jinggangshan is the first rural base of China revolution. Mao Zedong opened up the road of armed separation of workers and peasants, encircling cities from rural areas and finally seizing the national political power. This is a great pioneering work combining Marxism with China's revolutionary practice.
Question 3: Comments on old photos: 1949, Mao Zedong declared at the China People's Political Consultative Conference: "The people of China have stood up since then!"
Combined with historical facts, talk about your understanding of Mao Zedong's sentence.
A: The people of China * * * * overthrew the rule of imperialism and feudalism, completed the democratic revolution and established a new China. Since then, China has swept away its century-old humiliation, ended its semi-colonial and semi-feudal history and stood on its own feet among the nations of the world.
Best answer haha