Answer. 1842 in February, China signed the first treaty of nanking, and 1895 in February, it signed the treaty of shimonoseki with Japan.
The main contents of the Xin Chou Treaty are as follows: The Qing government compensated 450 million taels of silver and paid it off in 39 years. The principal and interest totaled 980 million taels. With customs duties and salt taxes as collateral, an "embassy community" was set up in Dongjiaominxiang, Beijing, where China people were not allowed to live, and countries sent troops to guard it. Dismantle the fortress from Beijing to Dagu and allow countries to send troops to the strategic fortress along the railway from Beijing to Shanhaiguan; Punish the officials who participated in the anti-imperialist struggle in the Boxer Movement, and forever prohibit the people of China from forming or joining anti-imperialist organizations; Change the Prime Minister's yamen to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ranking above the six ministries.
Harm of the Xin Chou Treaty: (1) has caused serious harm to China. The huge reparations increased the burden on the people of China, and the tax revenue of China was controlled by foreign powers. The "embassy circle" is actually a country within a country and has become the base camp for foreign powers to invade China. The vast area from Beijing and Tianjin to Shanhaiguan in the hinterland of the Qing Dynasty was under the armed control of the great powers. Officials who supported the Boxer Rebellion were punished and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was established. The powers strengthened their control over the Qing government through diplomatic channels. (2) In addition to the vicious extortion of China, the great powers forced the Qing government to become a tool for imperialism to rule China. The Qing court became "the court of foreigners". The signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty" indicates that China has completely fallen into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
2. 19 In the mid-1990s and 1930s and 1940s, the Chinese nation suffered two large-scale military invasions.
(1) Please write down the names of two wars of aggression.
A: It was the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and the Japanese invasion of China.
(2) Write examples of heroic resistance to generals and related battles in two anti-aggression wars.
A: Ding Changru was involved in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and Chen Geng, Chen Yi, He Long and Peng were involved in the Japanese invasion of China.
(3) What profound influence did the results of these two wars of aggression have on the history of China?
A: The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 deepened the colonial and semi-colonial degree of China. Japan's war of aggression against China ended with China's victory and Japan's defeat, which greatly enhanced the national self-esteem and self-confidence of the people throughout the country. China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression are an important part of the world anti-fascist war, and the people of China have made great contributions to the victory of the world anti-fascist war. China's international status has been improved.
(4) What did the results of these two wars inspire you? (Just name two of them)
A: Only unity can make the nation stronger; There must be an advanced team leader; We must have a correct revolutionary program.
3. In the modern history of China, the social nature changed three times. Please point out what three changes have taken place in the social nature of China and their signs.
Answer; After the First Opium War, China changed from an independent feudal country to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The Revolution of 1911 ended the feudal autocratic monarchy system in China for more than 2,000 years and established a bourgeois republic. People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) was established as a socialist country.
4. It has been 84 years since China was founded, during which a series of important meetings have been held. Please write down the names of the four meetings you know and summarize the reasons why they are "important".
A: The first congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) established the party program and the name of the party was China. Zunyi Conference-the historical turning point of the party's life and death: Luochuan Conference-formulated a comprehensive anti-Japanese war line; The Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) established the changed line after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory and formulated the tasks of the Party.
The scientific and technological revolution has brought great development of productive forces and great convenience to human daily life. Can you talk about the convenience brought by the first, second and third scientific and technological revolutions to human daily life?
Requirements: There must be at least four examples.
A: The first industrial revolution was the era of mechanical production, which improved people's work efficiency. The use of steam power makes people enter the era of railway transportation. The second industrial revolution brought telephone, telegraph and electric light, which facilitated people's daily life and strengthened the contact between people. The third industrial revolution brought mankind into the electronic age, and the Internet made people's communication more convenient.
I have to get up early tomorrow. That's all for today. Let's continue tomorrow.