Civil war (186 1- 1865)

The assassination of President Lincoln (1865)

Russia:

1. 186 1 serfdom reform

2. In the Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty of 1860, Russia took advantage of the fire and seized a large area of northeast China.

3. 1864, Akuba, who supported Central Asia, invaded a large area of land in Xinjiang and seized 440,000 square kilometers of land in the northwest of China through the demarcation of the northwest border between China and Russia.

Date:

1867, the closing movement led by Emperor Meiji was successful, and the Tokugawa shogunate stepped down.

Meiji Restoration began at 1868.