1949 On April 4th, the United States, Canada, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Britain, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Portugal and Italy signed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Washington and decided to establish the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. On August 24th of the same year, all countries completed the ratification procedures and the organization was formally established.

Greece and Turkey formally joined the organization in February 1952, the Federal Republic of Germany in May 6 1955 and Spain in June 1982.

Cold War

The former Soviet Union, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania and the German Democratic Republic signed the Warsaw Treaty in May 1955, thus beginning their cold war hostility.

During the Cold War, the strategic goal of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was mainly to prevent the large-scale military invasion of the Warsaw Treaty Organization. Therefore, military issues have become the main consideration in NATO's security strategy design. Thirty-five years later (1990), the GDR broke away from the Warsaw Pact and formally joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the name of Germany.

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In the 1990s, with the disintegration of the Warsaw Pact, the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the political and security situation in the European continent changed dramatically, and NATO's functions changed into political and military organizations. The problems it has to face have also expanded from the past military threats to global terrorism, energy security, global warming, diseases, cyber attacks and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. 199 1 10 In February, NATO initiated the establishment of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council, which is composed of NATO countries, Yuan Hua Treaty countries, the Commonwealth of Independent States and Baltic States. 1994 1 The summit held in Brussels in June unanimously adopted a plan to establish a peaceful partnership with Central and Eastern European countries and Russia. 1In May 1997, in order to raise the political and military cooperation between NATO and its partner countries to a new level and strengthen the security and stability in Europe and the Atlantic region, the foreign ministers of NATO countries and partner countries decided to establish the Euro-North Atlantic Partnership Committee.

The purpose of the organization is the collective defense of the contracting parties. In case of war with other countries, any contracting party must give assistance, including the use of force. After the disintegration of the Warsaw Pact, NATO sought to expand its mission, such as maintaining peace and promoting regional stability through [1] dialogue.

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1999, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic were admitted as new members of NATO. The NATO summit held in Prague on June 5438+065438+1October 2 1 reached the decision of the second wave of eastward expansion, and in 2004 Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Slovenia were formally accepted.

Balkan conflict

NATO's first military action after the Cold War was its intervention in the conflict in the former Yugoslavia from June 65438 to April 46438.

After 9 1 1

200 1 10 year 10 4th, NATO invoked Article 5 of the NATO Charter for the first time, arguing that the attack on September 1 1 day "should be regarded as an attack on all contracting States". In August 2003, NATO entered Afghanistan and began its first operation outside Europe.

NATO participated in military and police training in Iraq.

missile intercept system

For several years, NATO has been planning to establish missile interception systems in Poland and the Czech Republic. Russia said that this deployment may lead to a new arms race and increase the possibility of mutual destruction.

On September 17, 2009, US President Barack Obama announced that he would no longer carry out long-range missile interception systems in Poland and the Czech Republic, and instead deployed Aegis ships to intercept short-range and medium-range missiles. The newly appointed NATO Secretary-General called for clear cooperation between NATO and Russia in missile defense system.

Libyan civil war

Main items: 20 1 1 Libyan civil war and 201/UN air strikes in Libya.

20 1 1 On March 27th, 2008, NATO decided to take over all military operations against Libya authorized by the UN Security Council resolutions.