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Yan Fu's Historical Background
Yan Fu (1854.1.8—1921.10.27), formerly known as Zi Ling, later renamed Fu, Han nationality, Fujian official. He was an influential bourgeois enlightenment thinker, translator and educator in the late Qing Dynasty and a modern China.

Yan fu

Yan Fu was born in a doctor's family. 1866, Yan Fu was admitted to his hometown Fuzhou Ship Administration School to study English and modern natural science, and graduated with honors five years later. From 1877 to 1879, Yan Fu and others were sent to study in Britain, first at Portsmouth University and then at Greenwich Naval Academy. Yan Fu became interested in British social politics during his study abroad, dabbled in a large number of bourgeois political academic theories, and especially appreciated Darwin's view of evolution.

1879 returned to China after graduation and taught ship management at Fuzhou Shipyard. The following year, he was transferred to Tianjin Beiyang Naval Academy as the chief teacher (provost). After 1889, he was given the title of magistrate and promoted to General Affairs Office and General Office (principal). Yan Fu also served as the director of the office of the Translation Bureau of Shi Jing University, the president of Fudan University, the president of Anqing Normal University, and the editor-in-chief of the terminology museum in Qing Dynasty.

After returning to China, Yan Fu transferred from the naval field to the ideological field, actively advocated the enlightenment education of western learning, and completed the famous translation of Evolution. His translation is different from Huxley's original work and Spencer's theory of cosmic evolution. In the theory of evolution, Yan Fu expounded his viewpoint of saving the nation from extinction by the theory of biological evolution of "natural selection" and "survival of the fittest", and advocated inspiring people's strength, enlightening people's wisdom, promoting new people's morality, striving for self-improvement and calling for saving the nation from extinction. The translation is concise and advocates the translation standard of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". Host the national news. "Winning by Heaven" was widely circulated in the intellectual circles at that time. His famous translations include Adam Smith's The Original Rich, Spencer's Group Prejudice and Montesquieu's Law and Meaning. He systematically introduced western classical economics, political theory, natural science and philosophical theory to China for the first time, and enlightened and educated a generation of China people.

After the Revolution of 1911, Shi Jing University Hall was renamed Peking University. 19 12 Yan Fu was appointed as the president of Peking University by Yuan Shikai.

This also shows Yan Fu's convincing prominent position in the ideological and academic circles. At this time, Yan Fu's comparative view of Chinese and western cultures is maturing, entering the stage of self-reflection and tending to return to traditional culture. He is worried that China will lose its "national characteristics". "Like a fish out of water, like a cripple walking on his arm, like a person who is shorter than his spirit leaping by opium, this is called losing his nature." "People who lose their nature cannot survive for a long time." Out of such a deeper worry about the future and destiny of the Chinese nation, Yan Fu once tried to combine the liberal arts and Confucian classics of Peking University into one, which was completely used to cure the old learning, "to keep the moral article of the theory of the principle of justice handed down from generation to generation in China for four or five thousand years."

192 1 year 10 died on1October 27th at the age of 68. His works include several poems and notes by Yan. The translations of this book are Hou's History Series and Hou's Series.