Hundreds of surnames have a history of more than 1000 years, and they have been widely circulated in China since the Northern Song Dynasty in 10 century.
Who created hundreds of surnames? When did it take shape? When will it be published? These questions remain a mystery until today. According to the textual research of scholars with written records in Ming and Qing Dynasties, hundreds of surnames existed as early as before the Song Dynasty. In the early Song Dynasty, it was edited and bound by an unknown Confucian scholar in wuyue (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).
Lu You (A.D. 1 12 10), a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, mentioned hundreds of surnames for the first time in his poem Autumn Rain. The poet pointed out in his notes that his inspiration came from two books, one is Zhazi and the other is Hundred Family Names. It can be seen that hundreds of surnames began to spread as early as before the Song Dynasty.
At present, the earliest printed "Hundred Family Names" was published in the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.14th century), based on the correspondence between Chinese characters and Mongolian characters in pronunciation and strokes. However, the Yuan version was not complete, and the long-standing hundred surnames were not completely included until the Ming Dynasty. A total of 438 surnames were recorded, including 408 single surnames, 102 line, 38 compound surnames, and 15 line. The last line is the end of the hundred surnames, which consists of 1 18 lines, with a total of 472 words.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there appeared another book about hundreds of surnames-Augmented Hundred Surnames, in which 444 single surnames and 60 compound surnames were recorded, and the conclusion was Preface to Hundred Surnames.
The existing version of the Qing dynasty has words and pictures, and the names of historical celebrities and their families, as well as his images, are recorded at the top of each page; The lower part of each page is a short sentence consisting of four words or surnames, which reads like four ancient poems.
Hundreds of surnames have been revised several times in the past, such as Huangzhou surname revised in the late Ming Dynasty, Yu Baijia surname revised by Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and Baijia surname III revised by Ding Yan in the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D.1851-kloc-0/861). These hundreds of revised surnames have spent a lot of effort on the presentation format, and each one has its own characteristics. Nevertheless, they can't replace manuscripts, which reflects the profound influence of manuscripts on later creation.
"Hundred Family Surnames" is not only widely circulated among the Han people, but also among the "ethnic minorities" who have friendly contacts with the Han people, such as Mongolian surnames and Jurchen surnames. This shows the far-reaching influence of hundreds of surnames.
In Chinese surname culture, Hundred Family Names is the longest and most widely circulated textbook in China. It was written and popularized earlier than Saint Amethyst. According to legend, Hundred Family Names was originally a literary reading compiled by a scholar in Qiantang (Hangzhou) in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty. It weaves common surnames into a four-character poem, much like a four-character poem. Although its content is not artistic, it is easy to read, learn and remember. Together with Three Amethyst and Qian Wen Zi, it has become a fixed teaching material of ancient Mongolian studies in China, which has been spread to this day and has far-reaching influence. Familiar with it, both ancient and modern benefits.
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