Can people with AB blood get schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a nervous system disease that people with AB blood group are prone to, and its genetic factors are objective. It is found that schizophrenia has obvious familial genetic tendency, and the prevalence rate among close relatives of schizophrenia patients is several times higher than that of the general population, and the closer the blood relationship, the higher the incidence rate.
Genetics has proved that schizophrenia caused by genetic factors is mainly due to chromosome aberration or gene mutation. The increase or decrease of the number of chromosomes or genomes, position shift, base position replacement, base insertion or deletion, or the deletion or increase of nucleotide pairs in a certain segment of deoxyribonucleic acid, which constitutes a gene, can all lead to protein, enzyme synthesis defects or changes in their functions, thus destroying the structure of brain cells or their substance metabolism process, hindering the normal development of the brain and leading to brain functional defects in adulthood.
Blood group gene is a part of 23 pairs of human chromosomes, and experts speculate that chromosome transformation is closely related to blood group gene. In addition, people with AB blood type are calmer, more sensitive to nerve reactions, and the chances of suffering from schizophrenia are greatly increased.
Pressure-bearing ability of AB blood group people
Physiologically, people with AB blood type inherit more characteristics of people with A blood type. Their stomachs are as receptive to plant foods as people with type A blood. Although people with AB blood can accept animal protein because of B antigen, it is not as natural as people with B blood ... because animal protein will affect the metabolism of people with AB blood more or less.
However, when pressure comes, people with AB blood type will show completely different characteristics from people with A or B blood type. The way they face stress, more people like type O blood will first deal with stress through physiological means.
When people with AB blood type are stressed, the adrenal glands will automatically produce more adrenal hormones. These adrenalins quickly penetrate into the blood and are transported to various tissues of the human body through blood of AB blood group with high adrenaline. After being stimulated by adrenaline, human tissues begin to be in a very tense state, and under pressure, they will have emotions such as irritability and temper tantrums.
If people with AB blood type are in this state of physiological tension for a long time, it will soon affect their health if they don't relax in time. The immune system will gradually lose its ability to block germs and viruses, and the speed of metabolism will also slow down. More importantly, the nervous system will become very sensitive and in a state of high tension, which will aggravate negative emotions and cause serious harm to physical and mental health.
When this happens, people with AB blood type are more likely to solve their own problems, which is in line with their independent personality. However, because people with AB blood type also contain less adrenocortical hormone, it takes them a long time to eliminate the influence of stress.
According to statistics, people with AB blood type are more than three times more likely to suffer from schizophrenia than people with other blood types, and have obvious genetic tendency. Among patients with ischemic heart disease, people with AB blood are the majority. However, people with AB blood type are much less likely to suffer from tuberculosis and anemia during pregnancy than people with other blood types. Although people with AB blood are less likely to suffer from cancer and stroke, they are more likely to suffer from coronary heart disease, while women with AB blood are more likely to suffer from cervical cancer.
neurobiology
① Neurobiochemical studies show that patients have various neurotransmitter dysfunction, mainly involving dopamine, 5- hydroxytryptamine and glutamic acid. The level of dopamine in the central nervous system increases and its function is extremely active. Traditional antipsychotics are blockers of dopamine receptors in the central nervous system. The level of serotonin in the central nervous system is abnormal, and new antipsychotics have antagonistic effects on serotonin receptors and dopamine receptors. The central glutamate level is low and its function is insufficient. ② Neuroanatomical and neuroimaging studies showed that the temporal lobe, frontal lobe and limbic system of the patient had brain tissue atrophy, ventricular enlargement and sulcus gyrus widening. ③ Viral infection during pregnancy, perinatal complications, bad stress in childhood and somatic diseases are related to the development defects of nervous system, which have certain influence on the onset of schizophrenia.
hereditary factor
The genetic epidemiological survey of a large sample population shows that the prevalence rate among relatives of patients is several times higher than that of the general population, and the closer the blood relationship, the higher the prevalence rate. Molecular genetic research reveals the susceptibility sites related to schizophrenia. At present, it is generally believed that schizophrenia may be inherited by multiple genes, and the onset is caused by the superposition of several genes.
social psychology
Social and psychological factors such as bad life events, economic status and pre-illness personality may induce and promote the onset of schizophrenia.
The etiology of schizophrenia is not completely clear, and some influencing factors that can be determined at present have no clear causal relationship with the disease. At present, it is generally believed that susceptible quality and external adverse factors lead to the occurrence of diseases through the joint action of internal biological factors.
Classification of schizophrenia
According to the classification and diagnosis criteria of mental disorders in China (CCMD? 3) According to the dominant clinical manifestations, it can be divided into paranoid schizophrenia, adolescent schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, simple schizophrenia and undifferentiated schizophrenia; According to the stages and prognosis of the disease, it can be divided into: post-schizophrenia depression, schizophrenia remission period, schizophrenia residual period, chronic schizophrenia and schizophrenia decline period.
Principles of treatment of schizophrenia
① Early detection and treatment; ② Drug therapy can relieve most symptoms, antipsychotics should be the first choice, and drug therapy should be an important part of treatment. ③ Full course of treatment is needed, and the whole course of treatment should be actively carried out; ④ Schizophrenia treatment is a long-term treatment, and drug selection should consider symptoms, side effects and individual tolerance, as well as economic affordability and availability; ⑤ Drug dosage should be individualized and adjusted according to different treatment stages; ⑥ Patients will face psychological and social problems, which are part of the symptoms of the disease and psychological stress reaction after illness, and usually need psychological and social intervention; ⑦ Family plays a very important role in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients. Family members need to understand the disease knowledge, support patients' treatment and help patients choose the correct treatment route. Treatment of schizophrenia is a long-term treatment. Patients and their families must master the self-management skills of the disease to prevent recurrence and maintain the long-term stability of the disease. Pet-name ruby patients, their families and medical workers should establish a good treatment alliance to cope with the disease together.
medicine
① Drug therapy can relieve most symptoms, and antipsychotics should be the first choice. ② The second generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs should be used as first-line treatment drugs, with relatively small side effects and high 5- hydroxytryptamine receptor blocking effects, which are called dopamine /5- hydroxytryptamine antagonists. Include risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, paliperidone and sulfanilamide. Clozapine is used as a second-line drug because of its side effects. ③ The first generation (typical) antipsychotic drugs should be selected as the second-line treatment drugs, and its main mechanism is dopamine receptor blocker in the brain. At present, the commonly used types are chlorpromazine, haloperidol, penfluridol, perphenazine, fluperphenazine and sulpiride; ④ Long-acting drugs: mainly used for patients with poor maintenance treatment and medication compliance. The first generation of long-acting injections include haloperidol, fluphenazine and piperazine palmitate. Penfluridol is a long-acting preparation of oral haloperidol. Long-acting injections of risperidone and paliperidone, the second generation drugs, have been applied in China.
course of treatment
It needs full-course treatment and all-round treatment, continuous drug treatment and psychosocial intervention. ① Acute treatment: relieve the main symptoms and take enough drugs for at least 4-6 weeks; (2) Treatment in recovery period (consolidation period): In order to prevent the recurrence of relieved symptoms, continue to use the original effective drugs and doses for at least 3-6 months; ③ Maintenance period (rehabilitation period) treatment: keep the condition stable, prevent the recurrence of the disease, adhere to drug treatment, and determine the maintenance drug dosage according to the individual's condition, and the course of treatment is not less than 2-5 years. Many scholars have suggested that patients who relapse after drug withdrawal should be maintained for a long time. For patients who are refractory and have serious suicide attempts or violent attacks, it is recommended to continue maintenance treatment. In short, the dosage and time of maintenance treatment should be individualized, which is related to the stage of the disease, the history of recurrence, the severity of the disease, the degree of remission, the environment, the pre-illness personality, the dosage and time of previous medication, etc. , need comprehensive consideration. (4) If the drug is stopped, the patient's condition should be closely observed, and drug treatment should be resumed as soon as possible if there are recurrent symptoms.
Social psychology
① Psychotherapy: helping to solve patients' psychological problems and crisis intervention; (2) Skills training: help patients recover their social functions and master the ability of disease management; ③ Family intervention: establishing a family environment conducive to patients' treatment and rehabilitation; ④ Community service: provide all possible services for patients, make them adapt to their normal life in the community, and promote their comprehensive physical and mental recovery.
Prognosis of schizophrenia
Most mental symptoms can be controlled if they can be treated actively. Especially early detection and treatment, comprehensive psychological and rehabilitation treatment on the basis of drug treatment to prevent recurrent attacks can avoid or alleviate social function damage. There are two main forms of curriculum development: continuous and intermittent. The course of the disease continues to develop, and mental decline and social function defects gradually appear. The course of intermittent attacks enters remission after the mental symptoms are obviously relieved. The mental symptoms of patients in partial remission disappeared, and their insight and social function recovered. Although some patients' mental symptoms basically disappear, they can leave different degrees of personality changes, and their work and learning abilities are lower than before they get sick. There may be another attack. Generally speaking, a considerable number of patients with schizophrenia are not actively treated, and the prognosis is very poor.
The factors with good prognosis include: cheerful personality before illness, good social adaptability, acute onset, short course of disease, obvious psychosocial stress or physical illness before onset, late onset age, atypical core symptoms of schizophrenia, bright emotional color, early treatment, good treatment effect, good family and social support system, no history of recurrent attacks and no family history of mental illness. On the contrary, the prognosis is not good.
Prevention of schizophrenia
The etiology and pathogenesis of schizophrenia are still unclear, and the prevention of this disease mainly includes early detection, early treatment, prevention of recurrence and prevention of mental disability. Bad social stress factors can induce the onset and recurrence of this disease, so we should pay attention to learn to adjust our mentality and improve our adaptability. Maintenance treatment of antipsychotics plays a very important role in preventing recurrence and re-hospitalization. It is necessary to review regularly and insist on taking antipsychotic drugs for maintenance treatment. Pay attention to social function exercise to prevent functional decline and mental disability. Because the treatment of schizophrenia is a long-term treatment process, patients and their families need to master the self-management skills of the disease and maintain the stability of the disease as long as possible.
For people with high-risk symptoms, symptoms should be monitored regularly to help solve the psychological and social problems encountered.