First, the ancestors of China.

Huangdi and Yan Di,

The ancestor of mankind-Huangdi (reason: four great inventions)

Second, Yao Shunyu's "abdication"

Third, the establishment of the Xia Dynasty.

1. The establishment of the Xia Dynasty marked the beginning of slavery. The slave society in China began in 2 1 century BC.

2. Around 2070 BC, Yu established the Xia Dynasty, which was a dynasty in the history of China. The establishment of Xia Dynasty marked the establishment of China's early state.

The rise and fall of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties

First, the rise and fall of the Xia Dynasty

1. After his death, he passed the throne to his son Qi, making the hereditary system replace the abdication system, and "family world" replace "public world".

2. About BC 1600, the Tang Dynasty was defeated, and the summer was destroyed. BC 1046, Shang and Zhou Dynasties fought at Konoha. When the Shang Dynasty perished, the King of Wu established the Zhou Dynasty, the capital of which was a pickaxe, also known as Haojing, which was called the Western Zhou Dynasty in history.

Second, the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty

1. Purpose: In order to consolidate the rule, the Western Zhou Dynasty implemented the system of enfeoffment.

2. Content: Zhou gave his land, civilians and slaves to relatives and heroes and made them princes. Governors must obey the orders of the Zhou Emperor, pay tribute to the emperor at ordinary times, defend the territory, and lead troops to fight against the emperor in wartime.

3. Role: Develop remote areas, strengthen the rule and make the Western Zhou Dynasty a powerful country.

Brilliant bronze civilization

1. At the end of primitive society, bronzes appeared in China. Shang Dynasty was the glorious period of bronze culture in China. The famous bronzes are Simu Wuding and Siyang Fangzun.

2. During the same period of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, a unique bronze culture prevailed in Chengdu Plain in southwest China, which is the world-famous "Sanxingdui" culture. The bronze masks, large bronze statues and bronze sacred trees unearthed there have attracted the attention of Chinese and foreign people.

Disputes during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

First, the spring and autumn hegemony.

1. In 770 BC, Zhou Ping and Dong Wang moved to Luoyi, which was called "Eastern Zhou Dynasty" in history. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty is divided into two periods: the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

2. Qi Huangong appointed Guan Zhong as prime minister, actively reformed internal affairs and developed production; At the same time, the military system was reformed, a powerful army was formed, and under the command of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries", it gradually became the overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.

3. In the late 7th century BC, after the Chengdu-Pudong War between Chu Jin and China, Jin Wengong became the overlord of the Central Plains. One hundred years later, Chu Zhuangwang became the overlord of the Central Plains.

Second, the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period

1. The order of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period is Qi, Chu, Qin, Yan, Zhao, Wei and Han.

It happened in 260 BC, and the decisive battle between Qin and Zhao was the battle of Changping. The battle of Changping made the six eastern countries unable to resist Qin.

The era of great change

First, the use of iron farm tools and Niu Geng.

1. The Spring and Autumn Period was the period of the disintegration of the slavery system in China, and the Warring States Period was the period of the formation of the feudal system in China.

2. A revolution in the history of agricultural development in China refers to Niu Geng. Niu Geng: It was used at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period at the latest, and was popularized during the Warring States Period. Iron farm tools: appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and became popular in the Warring States Period.

Second, the famous Dujiangyan.

During the Warring States Period, Dujiangyan built by Li Bing for Qin was a world-famous flood control and irrigation project. Chengdu Plain has become a "land of abundance".

Third, Shang Yang's political reform.

1. Time and place: 356 BC, Qin State.

2. Contents: ① The state recognizes the private ownership of land and allows free trading. (2) those who reward ploughing and produce more grain and cloth can be exempted from corvee; According to the size of military service, the title of Tian Zhai was granted, and the privileges of the old nobles who refused to serve in military service were abolished. (3) establish a county system, and the monarch directly sends officials to govern.

3. Function: After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin's economy developed, and its army's combat effectiveness continued to increase, making it the most prosperous feudal country at the end of the Warring States Period.