Opening a book is like feeling the wind gently in the willows. Just like slowly feeling the misty apricot rain falling in the sky; It seems to be a brand-new experience of relaxation and pleasure brought by the vast bamboo forest. Below I will share with you some knowledge of values and values, hoping to help you. Welcome to read! Value and Values Knowledge 1 1 Value and Values (1) Value in the philosophical sense: refers to the positive significance of things to the subject (people), that is, the attributes and functions of things that can meet certain needs of people. = economic "use value", ≠ economic "value" (2) values: it is the general and fundamental view of the value of things formed on the basis of people's understanding of the value of various specific things. (III) Socialist core values ① Basic content: Prosperity, democracy, civilization and harmony are the value goals at the national level, freedom, equality, justice and the rule of law are the value orientations at the social level, and patriotism, professionalism, honesty and friendliness are the value norms at the individual level of citizens. ② Status quo: Socialist core values are highly concise and concentrated expression of the socialist core value system. 4.6.2 Guiding Role of Values First of all, values play an important guiding role in people's activities to understand and transform the world. First, values affect people's understanding and evaluation of things. Different values make people have different understanding and evaluation of things. Second, values affect people's activities and behavior choices in transforming the world. With the right choice, we have successfully changed the world; If you make a mistake, you will fail. Second, values are an important guide to life. People with different values will make different choices when facing the conflict between justice and self-interest, life and death. ) ◆ Methodology: Values play a guiding role, and we must adhere to correct values and make correct value judgments and value choices. Judgment 1. Only correct values can guide people's behavior. (×) 2. Only with the guidance of values can we handle the relationship between classmates well. Only with the guidance of correct values can we handle the relationship between classmates well. Whether it can be guided by correct values determines whether the value of life can be realized. (Decision ×) True Title (20 17 National College Entrance Examination Tianjin Volume 1 1) The Civil Code is the basic law of the market economy and an "encyclopedia of social life". Compiling the civil code is not to formulate a brand-new civil law, but to scientifically sort out, modify and improve the existing civil legal norms and make targeted new provisions for new situations and new problems in economic and social life. This shows that ① people's cognition is a continuous developing process ② Practice is the only criterion to test the truth of cognition ③ Superstructure must adapt to the situation of economic base ④ Values can regulate and guide people's behavior a. 12b. 34c. 13d. 24 Answer C A famous teacher's touch on the economic base determines the superstructure, and the superstructure has a negative effect on the economic base. When the superstructure adapts to the economic base, it will promote the consolidation and improvement of the economic base; When the superstructure is incompatible with the economic base, it will hinder the development and reform of the economic base. When the superstructure serves the advanced economic foundation, it promotes the development of productive forces and social progress; When it serves the backward economic base, it restricts the development of productive forces and hinders the progress of society. Superstructure must adapt to the development of economic base, which is the basic law of the development of human society. Understanding of Value and Values 2 Unity of Personal Value and Social Value (1) Human value is the unity of social value and self-value. Man is not only the creator of value, but also the enjoyment of value. The value of human beings includes two aspects: one is the individual's responsibility and contribution to society, that is, to meet the needs of society and others; One is social recognition and reward for individuals, that is, meeting their own needs. Personal contribution to society is the foundation and source of realizing the value of life, and it is in the primary position. Society's respect and satisfaction for individuals is the basic premise and condition to realize the value of life. Man is not only the creator of value-social value (master), but also the enjoyment of value-personal value (≠ unclaimed). (2) People's value lies in creating value and in their responsibility and dedication to society. This is the true value of people. Evaluating a person's value depends on his contribution in the final analysis, and the most fundamental thing is to look at his contribution to social development and human progress. Judgment 1. The two aspects of life value are interactive. The more you contribute, the more you take. (Not a reciprocal relationship, the contribution is always the first. The true value of life is the unity of contribution and demand. The true value of life lies in the contribution of a responsible master to society. To evaluate the value of life, we should first look at his material contribution, and then look at his spiritual contribution. I think that pursuing personal interests means sticking to individualism. (Personal interests are divided into legal and illegal; Firmly oppose individualism. ) 5. Practice collectivism without seeking any personal interests. The value of life is the unity of social value and personal value. (20 17 National College Entrance Examination Beijing Volume 24) The above is a news published in the newspaper. The correct understanding of this news includes ① designing products according to market demand reflects students' grasp of market dynamics; ② The source of cultural innovation is the combination of traditional culture and modern aesthetics; ③ The success of students embodies the primary role of ideological and moral cultivation in personal growth; ④ Students have exercised their ability to contribute to society and realized their own value; A. 13B. 14C.23D.④ the real value of teacher b's finishing touch lies in his responsibility and contribution to society, but it doesn't mean that he must give up his personal interests to realize his life value. The two aspects of life value are inseparable, but contribution is the premise and foundation of acquisition. 2.(2065438+2006 National College Entrance Examination Tianjin Volume IX) At the beginning of the new semester, student associations of many universities in Zhejiang jointly launched the "Ant Aid Program" to mobilize college students to donate 2 yuan money every month, and 50 college students formed an "ant nest" to help an ant baby (primary school students in poverty-stricken areas). In March this year, they have funded 17 "ant babies" in Anhui province with the donations of 875 college students. The behavior of these college students inspires us: a. Values can promote people's growth. We should strive for success in self-improvement. C. meeting the needs of others is the premise of realizing the value of life. D. People's value lies in their responsibility and contribution to society. Answer D is wrong, because there are right and wrong values, and wrong values hinder the growth of life. B refers to the need for tenacious struggle and self-improvement to realize value, which has nothing to do with material things. C's statement is wrong. The objective conditions provided by society are the premise of realizing the value of life, so the answer is D. How to realize the value of life depends on the following points: 1 Establish correct values, follow the objective laws of social development, and make correct value judgments and value choices; 2. We should actively participate in social practice, establish the mass viewpoint and mass line, and consciously stand on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people. 3. Create value in labor and dedication and actively participate in the practice of serving the people. 4. We should correctly handle the relationship between individuals and society and realize the value of life in the unity of individuals and society. 5. We should strive for self-improvement, give full play to subjective initiative, comprehensively improve personal quality, and establish firm ideals and beliefs. 3.(2065438+2006 College Entrance Examination Shanghai Volume 27) Gravitational waves are the last missing "puzzle" in Einstein's experimental verification of general relativity. February 20 16, scientists announced the discovery of gravitational waves. The exploration of gravity ratio has condensed the efforts of several generations of scientists around the world. They showed the spirit of scientific research to the world through exploration and persistence, and also told us that the social value of life is a. Give full play to their own potential and make contributions to society. B. dialectical unity of individual rights and obligations. C. show self-esteem and self-improvement in practice. Society respects and satisfies individuals. Answer A: They showed the spirit of scientific research to the world through exploration and persistence, indicating that the social value of life lies in making contributions to society, so A meets the problem. Scientists' exploration is not an obligation, and the materials do not involve the relationship between rights and obligations, so B does not match the meaning of the question; Embodying self-esteem and self-improvement in practice is a way to realize social value, which does not belong to the social value of life itself; Society's respect and satisfaction for individuals is the embodiment of life's self-worth, not social value. So choose A. The realization of life value includes the realization of social value and self-value, in which social value refers to people's responsibility and contribution to society, and self-value refers to the respect and satisfaction of society to individuals. Among social value and self-value, the realization of social value is fundamental, and the real value of life lies in the realization of social value. 4.(2065438+2005 Shanghai Volume 28) Zou Bihua is the vice president of Shanghai Higher People's Court and the director of the trial and reform department. In June last year, he fell on the journey of judicial reform because of a sudden heart attack. "A judge should be like Zou Bihua" is the most reprinted sentence on the Internet after his death. Before his death, he said: I think judicial reform and informatization are two major areas in which China can really change the courts. If you try to do this in the past two years, you will be worthy of the party and your own life. It doesn't matter whether a person can go up the steps or not. How can the reform not touch the interests, and how can it not cause controversy? To take responsibility is to take responsibility. Zou Bihua's social value is embodied in a. He won high praise from the whole society and will be remembered forever. B. He has a strong sense of reform and the conscience of judicial workers. C. he is firm and practical, shouldering moral beliefs, and can be called a model judge. D. He promoted judicial reform with reason and responsibility, regardless of personal gains and losses. Answer D: Positioning the value of famous teachers. A person's value should clearly include two aspects: personal responsibility and contribution to society (social value). Evaluating a person's value mainly depends on his contribution, and evaluating a person's value mainly depends on his contribution to society and people. Moreover, people's contribution is various, which can be to a person or a group, but the most fundamental contribution is to social development and human progress. 5.(20 15 Tianjin Wenzong Volume 8) "Although the processing is complicated, you will not dare to save labor, although the taste is expensive, you will not dare to reduce material resources" is the commitment of Tongrentang people: "Nobody looks at it, which is the conscience of Tongrentang people. In this persistence, Tongrentang has developed from a small pharmacy 346 years ago to a well-known enterprise at home and abroad today. The success of Tong Ren Tang benefits from () A. Love one's post and dedication, create value in selfless dedication B. Abide by discipline and law, achieve oneself in the pursuit of harmony C. Strive hard, seek development in independent innovation D. Be honest and trustworthy, and realize the value answer in serving the society D. The knowledge points examined in this question are the factors that determine the success or failure of enterprise management and the knowledge of how to realize the value of life. The finishing touch of a famous teacher is a comprehensive test in the discipline, which combines the knowledge of economic life and philosophical life to examine students' ability to analyze and solve problems. The key to solve this problem is to understand the meaning of the problem and grasp the gist and center of the material. The success of an enterprise needs many factors, such as: love and dedication, law-abiding, hard work, honesty and trustworthiness. Of course, the success of Tang Can Tongrentang is inseparable from these, but the breakthrough point of this question is Tongrentang's commitment and conscience, so the key sentence to answer this question should be "No one saw it, but God knows it". With this in mind, you can choose the most suitable option. How to learn high school politics 1, listen carefully and take notes. The first step to learn politics well is to listen carefully. Listen carefully to the teacher's narration and analysis of various knowledge points in class, pay attention to follow the teacher's thinking, understand the basic concepts and principles, and master the knowledge focus of this lesson. In the process of listening to the class, we should take good class notes, record the key points of the teacher's lecture at any time, and take notes while listening, which can not only deepen our understanding of the textbook content, but also prepare for after-class review. If you don't pay attention to the class and take notes, then this course is tantamount to learning in vain, but the wasted time and energy can't be compensated. Therefore, it is very important to listen carefully and take notes. 2. Combine practice and apply what you have learned. Political course is very practical, and its theory is closely related to our life and social reality. In studying politics, we must integrate theory with practice. Testing theory with practice is the basic principle of Marxist epistemology. Only the theory that has been tested by practice is the real theory. Our political lesson theory can analyze reality, which is its vitality. Therefore, we should vigorously advocate applying what we have learned and mastering theory in practice. Because society is a complex organism and social phenomena are complicated, no theory can solve all problems, and it needs to be enriched and developed in practice. Through the application, we will find the correctness and deficiency of the theory, so as to further study political lessons. 3, diligent in writing, good at summing up. Every political lesson has its own knowledge system. After learning a lesson, a unit and a book, you should learn to sum up what you have learned and the relationship between knowledge. You can use pictures, tables and words to make the context of knowledge clear at a glance. In this way, not only the knowledge of each lesson is very clear, but also the logical structure of this course is very clear. Only by constantly summing up can we make continuous progress. 4. Think calmly and achieve mastery through a comprehensive study. Because the theory of political lessons is abstract, it is decided that learning political lessons well can't just rely on rote memorization, but should be more thoughtful and diligent. Politics is a subject of thinking. You can't learn politics well without thinking. After the brain's calm thinking, we will find the relationship between the basic principles, not only knowing why, but also knowing why, so as to master the knowledge. 5. Exercise properly to improve your ability. Practice is to do some homework properly, which can be divided into two categories: the practice of basic principles and the practice of applied principles. The purpose of the former is mainly to test whether the mastery of basic knowledge is firm; The purpose of the latter is mainly to test the ability of combining theory with practice. In my opinion, every assignment is actually an open-book exam, in the absence of invigilation, to assess their true level. Therefore, practice should be serious and practical, and you must do it yourself. You must never cope with errands or even copy other people's homework.

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