In prehistoric times (mainly before the Neolithic Age), the main feature of human beings-"equalitarianism" determined that there were congenital obstacles in the productivity of tribal society. This is because: in this social form, every tribe member works as a father, a husband or a member of the village community, and work is the partner of kinship and village community relations. Every family and even everyone has basic means of subsistence and natural resources. People take blood relationship as a link, which makes the whole tribe become a "big family", and family members work together to survive and share food equally. This is determined by the harsh living environment of human beings in the early days. In order to survive, we must form a group and use everyone's strength to fight against nature and wild animals.

However, because there is no recognized coercive power established by the system in the tribe, and there is no exploitation of surplus labor, the productivity of tribal members is very low, and everyone's labor only needs to meet their personal food needs. Tribal members live and multiply in this environment. In the early human concept, they did not plan and imagine the future, but thought that the world was static and repetitive, and the present, the past and the future were unchanged.

After a long prehistoric era, human beings used the experience accumulated in the process of food collection to enter the agricultural era. The transformation from gathering, fishing and hunting to agriculture, as well as the progress of a series of agricultural technologies, have made food overproduction. Some people in the human population can't engage in agriculture and turn to other professional departments, such as "sacrifice", "bookkeeper", "military leader" and "religious dignitaries", thus creating classes. These people use their own strength (divine power, military strength, knowledge) to put themselves above ordinary farmers. Over time, there will be a ruling class and a ruled class, and the ruling class is for the benefit of this class. The emergence of the state completely lost the "utopia" of equality for all, but mankind has since entered a stage of rapid development, because the oppression of public power makes farmers pay taxes to the state in addition to making a living, and businessmen provide taxes to the government in addition to supporting their families. And with knowledge, you can be an official, and you can enjoy it when you become a nobleman. The valve of human productivity forward has been fully opened.

In short, the emergence of surplus grain gave birth to class, and the emergence of class gave birth to the emergence of the country. The emergence of the state as a tool of class rule promotes the production of surplus labor, and the pursuit of surplus labor is the source of promoting human development and historical progress.