What about now? Learning well is being an official? In the great era, I became famous later. What about Li Bai? Vulgar? Enter the officialdom. But his political career can only be used? Terrible? Describe it, from the court officials around the emperor to wandering the rivers and lakes, to being accused of rebellion, exile, imprisonment, and finally dying of alcoholism.
This is what we are familiar with? How unlucky have gifted scholars been since ancient times? Is it because of the darkness of politics and the indifference of the people? Times are different, but human nature is the same. From our point of view today, Li Bai's ill-fated fate mainly stems from his own death.
Debut is the peak, and Li Bai's career is the cradle of senior officials.
The Book of the New Tang Dynasty says, Who is Li Bai? The grandson of Emperor Shengxing IX? . Sheng Xing, that is, Li Yong, was the founding monarch of Xiliang during the period of Wuhu and Sixteen Countries, and was revered as the ancestor by Li Tang for two generations. If this statement is true, then Li Bai can be called a blood relative of the Tang royal family. But in the earlier Book of Old Tang Dynasty, there was no such statement.
However, birth is not the focus of the author's attention. Li Bai has been a literary genius since childhood. It is said that he? Ten years of poetry? . As an adult, his father moved his family here after serving as a county commandant in Rencheng. Here, Li Bai often meets and drinks with a group of friends, such as Confucius, Han Mian, Pei Zheng, Zhang Shuming and Tao Mian (in fact, they are all outstanding literati for a while), which is called "Zhu Xi's Six Replies".
Then there are two kinds of opinions about his access to official career:
The Book of the New Tang Dynasty says that Li Bai is familiar with Taoist Wuyun. After the latter was recruited by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he tried his best to introduce his good friend Li Bai to the court.
The Book of Old Tang Dynasty records that Li Bai's noble person is another writer and politician, and the nickname "fallen immortal" came from this colleague. Under his generous recommendation, Li Bai got the attention of Li Longji for the first time, and even enjoyed the treatment of personal spoon and food.
Although he disagreed with the way, Li Bai's position in the imperial court was very consistent: offering sacrifices to the Hanlin.
Hanlin Academy belongs to Zhongshu Province. Waiting for a letter? The related introduction of is as follows:
To be summoned, there are Ci, He Lian, Taoist monks, Bu Zhu, and so on, all of which are reported to the academy and set out at night. It focuses on Ci. ......
That is to say, according to the field of learning, to meet the knowledge needs of the emperor, although there are many categories, poetry is the first, which is obviously the most suitable position for Li Bai.
Since the Tang Dynasty, imperial academy has been a hot spot for producing great gods. Look at the following names:
Wen Daya, Li Baiyao, Cen Wenben, Xu, Chu Suiliang, Xu, Su Weidao, Wei Chengqing, Cui Kun. ......
During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Hanlin became the emperor's confidant position:
The king is highly respected, and there are many opportunities in one day. The quartet enters, looks sparse, or draws letters from it.
The documents played in various places, the official reply of the court, and even the imperial edict of the emperor himself have to go through the hands of the Hanlin. In today's concept, this is the confidential secretary around the leader.
The personal secretary of the leader has a great opportunity to take the leadership position at any time. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there were the following big coffees: Zhang Shuo, Lu Jian, Zhang Jiuling, Xu and Zhang. .......
Zhang said, Zhang Jiuling, later served as prime minister; Lu Jianzhong was responsible for drafting imperial edicts and participating in secret affairs of the imperial court; Xu was an assistant minister of Chinese books and was a royal writer for a while; Zhang's son married a princess.
Ignoring a person's background, you can step into the cradle of senior officials only by literary talent. This mechanism has positive significance in any era and any country. It can be seen that some people say that the political darkness and persecution of talents in the early Tang Xuanzong period are not fully based.
Therefore, if Li Bai is interested in his career, he can become a popular fried chicken in front of Li Longji. But judging from the following behavior, either he is not here, or he doesn't understand the rules, or he deliberately challenges the existing rules.
Repeatedly challenging the rules, Li Baihuo became a sigh of later generations.
After Li Bai became the secretary of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he was not serious at all: he ignored the post system and often went out to drink during his work. Because Bai is a heavy drinker, he drinks as drunk as a fiddler with his drinking buddies in the hotel every day. ?
Whenever the emperor composes a new song and needs to find Li Bai to write lyrics, he can only arrange someone to recite it in a restaurant.
Fortunately, although Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had various faults, he was once first-class in understanding talents and accommodating people: Li Bai, who was awakened by a pot of cold water, wrote well and expressed his thoughts well, and greatly praised Li Longji. Is the emperor quite good? .
In addition, out of appreciation for Li Bai's talent, Li Longji not only failed to investigate his fault in the attendance system, but kept giving him honor. The emperor likes his talent. How many parties have I seen you at? .
However, it was at the banquet that Li Bai, who kicked his nose and got carried away, completely angered Li Longji and humiliated Gao Lishi through one thing.
As we all know, Gao Lishi was the number one eunuch under Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, and he also participated in politics. According to historical experience, eunuchs' participation in politics will almost become synonymous with cunning and endangering state affairs. But strictly speaking, Gao Lishi, who once held power, cannot be classified as such a person.
When Li Longji was a vassal, Gao Lishi made friends with him and often took advantage of his position to take care of him. In 7 13 AD, Gao Lishi helped Li Longji get rid of Princess Taiping and was worshipped as Dr. Guanglu of Yin Qing (an honorary office with three titles);
After Li Longji ascended the throne, the eunuch industry also ushered in the spring, eunuchs had the opportunity to participate in internal affairs, military affairs and politics, and Gao Lishi belonged to this group? General manager? . Li Longji once said: I can sleep well only with Gao Lishi around? ; Music sent from all over the country must also be presented to Li Longji through Gao Lishi; He even has the right to decide some small things.
Later, Prince Hengli had to call Gao Lishi? Second brother? ; Other captives and princesses call them "Aon" (honorifics for elders); Xu is even worse, so he has to be called "Ye".
Gao Lishi is good, but? Always careful? ; Although he quoted the courtiers such as Li, he also recommended famous players such as Ann and Gao Xianzhi. So it is difficult to simply classify him as treacherous and loyal. If you have to make a label, Li Longji and Gao Lishi are both masters, servants and friends; Later, I learned that after Li Longji's death, Gao Lishi cried and vomited blood to death on his way back to Beijing. The relationship between them goes beyond the concept of monarch and minister. Li Bai disdained such an emperor's top confidant and even looked for opportunities to humiliate him. He took the opportunity of drinking and having fun with Li Longji and ordered Gao Lishi to take off his shoes when he was drunk.
It doesn't matter whether you take it off or not. This idea is enough to start the world. According to the New Tang Book, Gao Lishi, who bears a grudge, prevented Li Longji from promoting Li Bai's title through Yang Guifei. But this kind of secret thing catches the wind and shadows; First of all, Gao Lishi wants to crowd out Li Bai and doesn't need others to stand up for himself; Secondly, even if no one denigrates Li Bai, Li Longji has sufficient reasons to denounce Li Bai: Gao Lishi is his old minister and servant, how could he be instructed by any academician?
As the saying goes, beating a dog depends on its owner, and Gao Lishi is much more important to Li Longji. Therefore, Li Bai's official career came to an end before Li Longji. According to the old Tang book, Li Bai was dismissed. Do you reject it? . And "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty" gave Li Bai enough face: begging to return to the mountain, the emperor gave money back? .
In our view today, Li Bai is a common thorn in some enterprises: capable, but without rules and regulations, and even publicly humiliating the company's elders for no reason. This kind of person who disrupts order, not to mention the leader himself, is tolerated by several colleagues around him.
(From the above, we can realize that compared with the old books of the Tang Dynasty, the new books of the Tang Dynasty have more positive comments on Li Bai and more positive words; Moreover, the former was completed in the post-Jin Dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and the latter was written in the Song Dynasty, which is farther away from the Tang Dynasty, but the description of Li Bai is more detailed. Considering that the literati in the Song Dynasty were in power, Ouyang Xiu and others were the main authors of The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, so it is not difficult to understand why. )
While Li Bai, not only completely released himself, but also completely unlucky:
Wandering around the rivers and lakes, all day long; Floating around, no one is watching;
Li Lin, Emperor Yongli, was recruited as an assistant, but he was almost dragged down by this rebellious prince. Fortunately, Guo Ziyi, who was once helped by Li Bai, is now in a high position because of his work. He expressed his willingness to give up all his official positions and redeem them. Li Bai was exiled to Yelang County instead of saving his life.
Later, when he received an amnesty from the imperial court, Li Bai was able to return to Yang, but he was put into prison again.
Interviewing the satrap of Xuancheng County and the ambassador of Jiangnan West Road, Song Ruosi led his troops to the north to find Yang, and found a relationship to let Li Bai go and asked him to be his own staff. However, it didn't take long for Li Bai to resign.
Finally, after Tang Daizong Li Yu succeeded to the throne, out of admiration for Li Bai's talent, he was recruited to be an official in Beijing with the position of Zuo Shiyi (similar to an inspector), but Li Bai had already died of excessive drinking. A generation of literary wizards ended up in exile.
Looking at Li Bai's life, we can't say that that era can't accommodate him, nor can we think that he is not suitable for that era. Only the Tang Dynasty can produce poets like Li Bai, and Li Bai in turn enriched and perfected the overall prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. Perhaps it is this wild and unique character that is incompatible with social rules that has created his unique style of writing, which is unrestrained, unconstrained and unconstrained.
The only thing to blame, maybe only a few thousand years? Learning well is being an official? His social concept pushed a literary genius into a field that he was not suitable for. And his unique talent doomed him to be difficult to be tied up and serve a specific class.
References:
New Tang Book and Old Tang Book