Agricultural cooperation refers to the process of transforming individual agricultural economy based on private ownership of means of production into agricultural cooperative economy based on public ownership of means of production through various forms of mutual assistance and cooperation under the leadership of the Chinese Production Party. This process of social change is also called agricultural collectivization.
The origin of agricultural cooperation can be traced back to revolutionary base areas and liberated areas, when many rural areas organized agricultural production mutual aid groups. 1953 the contradiction between large-scale economic construction and the tight supply of agricultural and sideline products makes the China * * * production party pay more attention to how to strengthen agricultural development. At the end of 1953, the central government issued the Resolution on Developing Agricultural Production Cooperatives, and the movement to organize agricultural production cooperatives was quickly launched throughout the country. The number of agricultural cooperatives in 1954 is 5 times higher than that in 1953, which has greatly broken through the original development plan. 1the second national rural work conference held in April 1954 proposed that 1955 the number of cooperatives should be increased to 300,000 or 350,000. The Fourth National Conference on Mutual Assistance and Cooperation held in June19541KLOC-0/further proposed that the number of cooperatives should be increased to 600,000 before spring ploughing in June. Thus, in the winter of 1954 and the spring of 1955, a wave of establishing cooperatives appeared in rural areas throughout the country. 1March 1955, the number of agricultural cooperatives nationwide reached 670,000, and it still reached 650,000 after rectification. Due to the rapid growth of agricultural cooperatives in a short period of time, many news agencies have many problems in their production and operation. Deng Zihui, Minister of Central Rural Work Department, proposed to rectify and consolidate cooperatives. On March 1955, Mao Zedong agreed to the policy of "stopping, shrinking and developing" agricultural cooperatives. However, after the investigation in April and May of 1955, he had different views on the policy of developing cooperatives proposed by the Central Rural Work Department. On July 3rd165438,955, Mao Zedong made a report on agricultural cooperatives, severely criticized the policies of Deng Zihui and the Central Rural Work Department, and put forward that agricultural cooperation is not a problem of dismounting, but a problem of getting on the horse as soon as possible. Mao Zedong's report pushed the national agricultural cooperation to a climax.