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A historical picture of rural life —— Reading Wang Xingguo's novel The Yellow River flows by us.
A historical picture of rural life —— Reading Wang Xingguo's novel The Yellow River flows by us.

Xie huaifu

The long Yellow River water flows slowly, around us and around her waist, infiltrating and nourishing this barren and rich yellow land.

The water is gone, the sun and the moon are shuttling, and the torrent of time is impacting the daily life of the villagers, the rural system reform, the social evolution and the villagers' hearts. They are anxious, contemplative, expecting and acting, and various roles appear one after another, performing complex and rich live dramas. They wrote the rural history of China that smells like fireworks, even if it is a fragment or a chapter.

Wang Xingguo, a peasant writer in our region, chose an appropriate "degree" between grand narration and two-dimensional structure with keen insight. On an appropriate oblique plane, he poured his familiar and rich experience in rural life into the deep thinking and strong feeling of the creative subject, and used it as raw material to use his increasingly mature artistic pen for us on the pure and warm yellow land.

This picture scroll is an oil painting, the color is yellowish brown, and the main body is a group portrait of Wu Adan. These characters are full of their own joys and sorrows. Their words and deeds, one heart and one destiny, as well as their complicated relationship and disturbing daily life at the bottom convey the atmosphere of historical changes in rural areas of China to readers.

Reading The Yellow River Flows By Us is like chewing a bowl of rice, sweet and soft. Pinza a white steamed bread, strong and full; Sip a cup of rice porridge to nourish the stomach.

On the basis of grasping this novel as a whole, I have the following reading feelings.

First, the content of the work: "history" is presented in daily life.

The title of this novel is Yan Wen. As soon as readers look at it, they will immediately jump out of such keywords: hot land, villagers, time, history, will to survive, and endless life.

Indeed, the work describes the history of Changhewan Village for nearly 30 years (1980-2010). As the writer said, "I didn't deliberately mark the time, but used events and backgrounds to reveal the time, so that readers could perceive which year those stories happened from reading." Knowing that literature depends on images and sensibility, writers try their best to create representative characters and express their thoughts, feelings and aesthetic pursuits through narrating stories and daily life.

The "history" in the works is naturally tangible, and it is a kind of "physical object", otherwise it will fall into a hard, mysterious and empty mud, and the daily complicated and trivial life of all kinds of ordinary people in rural areas is like a chaotic sponge, in which the juices of politics, economy, society, religion, ethics and ideas are secretly stored. If you blindly describe your familiar and emotional life and give up the meditation and "meaning" thinking of the creative subject, it is words, not literature. The author deals well with the relationship between meaning and narrative, history and characters, grandeur and subtlety.

In our reading, it is not difficult to sort out the three stages of the evolution history of Changhewan Village: the first is the initial stage of rural reform and opening up, the second is the stage of land contract management, and the third is the stage of land circulation. In these three different stages, there are many events and stories that can carry characters. For example: contracting household production and distributing means of production; Land requisition, land contract and compensation application; Agricultural scale, mechanized farming, diversified economy and combination of agriculture and animal husbandry; New rural construction, urbanization construction, urban development, going out to work, land disputes, scientific farming; With the emergence of agricultural marketing associations, construction companies and wooden furniture factories, the owners of township enterprises often run around on the road from rural areas to cities. There are also negative phenomena such as theft, forgery, gambling, borrowing, forced debt, superstitious activities, weddings and funerals, singing "flowers", pop music, KTV dance halls, etc ... These are all very active factors in the early rural memory of "looking back".

The villagers are full and expect to get rich quickly, and everything is money first; The change of reality promotes the change of ideas, and villagers yearn for urban life; The surging tide of commodity economy has aroused ripples in their hearts. Although the works belong to local literature, writers seldom write about rural natural scenery and folk customs, and do not pay attention to the exploration of religion and national psychology. Instead, it describes all kinds of people in various events and stories to meet the aesthetic needs of readers.

The writer is good at condensing the rural evolution in a historical period into a small society, taking the fate of characters as a lesson, taking events as a latitude, interlacing the world of life, showing children's amorous feelings, truly reflecting the life of farmers in the past 30 years, and excavating the mineral deposits of rural economy, history and farmers' character to a certain depth.

The second is characterization: the real and sensible image of ordinary people.

Mr. Lu Xun said: "Writing novels is, in the final analysis, writing characters. The essence of novel art is the art of shaping characters. " The writer closely narrates the characters and describes them with relish, trying to make the characters in his works lifelike. And the souls of all kinds of villagers living in the hot land of the long river bend, smearing different colors of their personalities with their own action tracks; It tells us a history interwoven with secular life.

There are prodigal Wu Adan, shrewd Yang Wan, honest and hesitant, kind and grateful osmanthus, visionary Ma Ershui, enthusiastic and cheerful Wang, upstart Liang and others.

Let's talk about a few main characters.

Janice, chairman of the Poverty Alleviation Association, is strong and can't use his head. Facing the sudden change in the countryside, he fell into hesitation and poverty. He misses the past and is at a loss for the future. With the guidance and help of Yang Wan, he was thoroughly remoulded and had a strong heart. It took him five years to reclaim 44 wasteland in Lucaogou, which saved the first bucket of gold for Wu Adan's entrepreneurial development. Yang Wan, a lively shepherd, is strong, responsible, good-tempered and prestigious. He is in favor of fixing production quotas to households, getting rich by raising sheep and living in a different way. He likes to meddle, help osmanthus build a house, give Adan a land certificate, go to town to ask for money, and support Adan's development. These are all worthy of recognition. After the osmanthus storm, he slapped himself in the face and repented himself. His heart was very contradictory and painful. Yang Wan's versatility reflects the complexity and profundity of human nature.

Wu Adan, the hero of the novel text, started out by stealing and going to prison for labor reform. The attachment to the land inherent in the blood of a farmer's children made him give up his status as a farm worker and resolutely return to the countryside to grow, start a business and develop, and his mind gradually matured. He learned to work and think, found self-esteem and self-confidence, and found the right direction in life. With the help of many neighbors, such as Yang Wan, he poured beautiful rural morality and religious norms into his heart: repentance, gratitude and kindness; In the process of getting along with Wang, Wang, Wang, Wang and others, he found what he lost in his heart, learned to give and help others, learned to be frank and persistent, and gained friendship and love. He went with the flow, followed the flow, and constantly explored new ways out of difficulties and bumps. More than 70 acres of land is his confidence, and 352,000 land acquisition compensation is his capital. He is rich, but he is different from other rich farmers. He developed agriculture and animal husbandry synchronously and changed the planting structure; Contract wasteland, start large-scale mechanized agriculture (land 180 mu), oppose superstitious activities and scientifically cultivate land; He established the Agricultural Marketing Association, took over the mess of Huami Company, and made the agricultural economy flourish. Adan's life practice and direction are the mainstream of history. Through his image, the writer eulogizes the indomitable spirit of being positive, pursuing a happy life and the value of life, and highlights the great achievements and historical process of building a new socialist countryside.

Wang Yi, the difficult "tartar", is a million-dollar household, likes to show off, smacks of a "villain", is jealous of Adan, keeps an eye on the leadership and is good at calculating, but it is difficult to achieve great things. He smoked and drank and did whatever he wanted, but he didn't break through his inner bottom line and was rescued twice. Pan Wenzhong, the "local tyrant", has the right to be cynical, rude and abuse power for personal gain, but he has not yet reached the point of bossing around and doing whatever he wants. He still pretends to be "frugal" and is flexible. For example, Adan finally got all the large compensation. The rogue Kazakh army has self-esteem and loyalty. Most of the incidents and contradictions here can be solved peacefully and properly. In the end, evil does not press right, and the road is clear. Positive energy and human warmth, represented by Adan, Yang Wan, Yang Chenggang and Pan Xin, have always occupied the mainstream position in Changhewan.

It is worth mentioning that Zhao Jingui staged a tragicomedy of "being brave" in order to score points for his grandson's college entrance examination. In the inner contradiction, he took away the drowning children on the beach and lost the opportunity to be brave. Give Jin Guanggan couple indiana, provoked a * * * SAO, got Xia He pat brick. In the humorous light comedy performance, it is sad and sad.

In a word, The Yellow River Flows by Us aims at shaping the souls of all kinds of villagers in the long-lost water, expressing their daily life and psychological shock, reflecting the ever-changing historical features of rural areas in China, and writing a national spiritual ode of simplicity, kindness, warm humanity, hard struggle and constant self-improvement.

Third, art form: good at design and the introduction of "flowers".

In artistic expression, the author is good at design.

Structurally, because it is the first time to create a novel, the writer adopts the method of dispersing perspectives, which seems to be an organic combination of several short stories. Each section focuses on two or three scenes or events, but they are written unevenly. They use narrative, description, interpolation, supplementary narrative and other methods to constantly jump and shuttle between different time and space, so that the characters "meet" and set each other off. Look carefully, the 5 1 section lies like bundles of wheat on the yellow land of the long river bend. The titles of section 13 are strung together in chronological order, so that the protagonist Wu Adan can tie them together, so that they will not be loose, thus forming a seamless whole.

From the perspective of character relationship, the author designed some important characters related to Wu, Yang, Wang and Pan, but they did not fall into the whirlpool of family disputes, because the focus of the work is not here. In addition, the establishment of the triangular relationship among Wu Adan, Wang and Yang Fang's clown-like gag has brought great convenience for writers to create stories and portray the characters' hearts delicately.

The design of Xia Feng Store is also very witty, which reminds us of the teahouse in Lao She's Teahouse and Lu Xun's Medicine. Indeed, teahouses, small shops, mahjong halls, south wall roots, etc. It is a place where people gather and scurry, and it is also a place where contradictions and stories are prone to occur. Writers take a fancy to them and often regard them as "noodle pots" for fermenting stories and plots. Wang Xingguo is no exception, and he knows it.

I like the language of this novel very much. The language described by the author is simple, vivid and tasteful, including the use of village words, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings and "flowers" in the dialogue between characters, which makes the literary language vivid and tasteful and gives readers a relaxed aesthetic pleasure. For example:

As the saying goes, there is a plan to raise ten people in your heart and a strong shoulder. It means that it is not enough for a person to have physical strength, but also to have calculation.

Yang Wan said, "An ugly aunt is not as good as a lonely ghost, and rotten pants are not as good as bare legs. Have you ever heard of it? "

Finally, he gave in and surrendered. He is like an obedient donkey in the mill. No matter how many times he spins, he still can't spin.

It seems that this boy is a slipper without an awl-really (needle) ok.

Let's talk about the introduction of "flowers".

The author designed two shepherds, Yang Wan and Yang, to sing Hua Er, and even Yang became the King of Folk Songs, which added a brilliant stroke to his works. With Yang as the lead singer, inserting 10 paragraph "Flower" in the middle of each chapter plays an indispensable role in developing stories and shaping characters for different scenes, different characters, or narrating, describing, or discussing and expressing feelings. In the narrative full of strong local flavor, the beautiful and affectionate "flower" song floats all the way, which not only renders the artistic atmosphere of the natural and humanistic environment in the northwest countryside, but also permeates the works with a poetic and ethereal artistic conception. This naturally reminds us of Zhang Chengzhi's novella Dark Horse.

For example, in section 7 of the work, Yang Wan sang "Flowers":

Hey, hey, hey, hey, hey, the red sun rises from the bones of the yellow sand every day/Who gives the tears that make people grateful in good days/The golden rice bowl, the silver rice bowl or the mud rice bowl is the truest/What you want is better than ever/It is safe to farm in Kaminooji from now on/We will always be young when we walk/Hey, hey. ...

Including two songs "Flowers" sung by Yang Wan in the fifth section, it also expresses the villagers' very happy mood, trust in the party and * * *, and confidence in future happiness in the face of rural system reform and the implementation of new policies.

Another example is a song "Flowers" sung by Yang at the beginning of verse 23:

The poor raised their children, the rich raised their daughters, and a golden phoenix was held out in the henhouse/I couldn't put it down, so I took a two-inch board and blew it into the Sichuan, polluting our air/Hey! Lord, it's not like you go home when you're scared. ...

This lyric, borrowed from Yang's words, tells that under the influence of the external environment and the lack of correct education, Wang's bad study has aroused people's concern that the simple and clean rural customs and traditional virtues may be polluted.

Another example is the opening of section 3 1. Yang sings:

Gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female, gnome male-female.

The word "flower" is full of praise for the golden autumn everywhere and the joy of a bumper harvest in sight.

In short, the author presents his many years of rural life experience and rich creative materials to us in the form of literature and art without reservation. What is respectable is that in the 200,000-word narrative, the author's narrative rhythm is calm and atmospheric, and the speed and details are just right.

On the triangular relationship between the image-building of the protagonist Wu Adan and Adan and Zuerhe, the author tries to do enough articles. For Yang Wan, Janice, Wang Yi, Yang Chenggang, Pan Wenzhong and other major figures, the author also tries to provide them with more opportunities to play. For example, in Sections 7 and 8, the author narrates the story of Yang Wan and Gui Hua in detail, and Yang Wan's remorse psychology. Sections 27, 28, 33 and 34 describe in detail the subtle relationship and psychology between Adan, Zur and Pan Xin, as well as the friendly relationship between Adan and Xunzi, showing the love and friendship between men and women. In Section 47, Sawyer's complex feelings of coveting extramarital affairs and supporting Yang Chenggang to do great things in the economy are described in detail.

Considering the aesthetic ideal of literature and art, we hope that the author can pay more attention to the plot and the design of characters, and some minor characters may merge. We also hope that the author can capture more details when dealing with many events and materials, describe them in detail, and pay attention to the excavation of the spiritual world of the characters.

I hope Wang Xingguo will continue to create more excellent literary works!

Xie Huaifu, a cadre of Yongning County Education and Sports Bureau, a member of Ningxia Writers Association, Yinchuan Writers Association and Book Association, has published more than 40 works in newspapers and magazines inside and outside the province. September 20 13, the collection of literary works Looking at the Starry Sky was published by Ningxia People's Publishing House.