In the State Council departments, although the administrative levels of "Division" and "Bureau" are the same, their functions are different.
20 12 April, after the Guiding Opinions on the Reform of Public Institutions was officially published, many people found that units that look like administrative institutions in name but actually undertake administrative functions, such as China Meteorological Bureau and China Securities Regulatory Commission, were actually classified as public institutions. However, they may be able to take advantage of this reform and be included in the executive order.
In fact, if you know something about domestic institutions, you can roughly judge that their institutional attributes are institutions from their names. In China, the name of an institution is actually a comprehensive reflection of its basic attributes, inherent laws and particularities, which can reflect its administrative divisions, affiliation, work nature, standardization degree and management scope.
Among institutions at all levels, the name features of the State Council's affiliated institutions are obvious, including the State Council's constituent departments, directly affiliated institutions and offices, which can be identified by their names.
What's the difference between China and China?
In daily address, people generally like to refer to the the State Council Department as "the State Department (Commission)", such as "the National Development and Reform Commission" and "the State Administration for Industry and Commerce".
But if you look at the full name of the organization, you will find that the exact names of different departments have different initials. Some begin with "People's Republic of China (PRC)", such as the Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China, some begin with "China", such as the China Meteorological Bureau, and some begin with "country", such as the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.
What's the difference and stress here?
"The beginning of a name" is actually a layman's view, and the normative view is "regional name". In China, the organization name is generally composed of three parts, namely, regional name, vector name and grid name.
Take the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) as an example, and "People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC)" is its regional name, which shows its management scope and subordinate relationship; "Diplomacy" is its vector name, indicating the work content; "Bu" is its grid name, indicating its level specification.
At present, the State Council is divided into departments, directly affiliated institutions, offices, deliberation and coordination institutions and institutions. Generally speaking, the regional names and grid names of similar institutions are consistent, and their institutional attributes can be roughly judged from their names.
For example, most regions named after People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) are made up of the State Council, such as the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Public Security in People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC). Among the 27 constituent departments of the State Council, only the People's Bank of China is an exception, and the area name is "China". In addition to the central bank and the audit bureau, the names of the constituent departments are "Ministry" and "Committee".
The regional names of institutions directly under the State Council are mostly "countries", such as State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, National Tourism Administration and National Bureau of Statistics. Among the institutions directly under the State Council 15, only the regional name of the General Administration of Customs is "People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC)". It is also the only institution with the regional name of "People's Republic of China (PRC)", but it is not a part of the State Council. The names of the institutions directly under the State Council are generally called "Bureau", "General Administration" and "General Administration".
In addition, in all national bureaus managed by ministries and commissions, except the Civil Aviation Administration of China after the institutional reform in 2008, the regional names of other bureaus are "country", such as the National Bureau for Letters and Calls and National Cultural Heritage Administration.
The regional name of the State Council offices is "the State Council", such as the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council and the Research Office of the State Council.
Among the the State Council institutions named after "China" in this region, except that the central bank is a part of the State Council, others are the State Council institutions, such as China Meteorological Bureau, Seismological Bureau of China, China Academy of Sciences and China Securities Regulatory Commission. There are a few institutions whose regional names are not "China", such as the State Electricity Regulatory Commission and the National Research Center.
Outside the the State Council system, the regional names of party committees and departments are generally "Central", and the NPC and CPPCC also have their own regional names. The other is people's organizations. Generally speaking, the geographical names "China" and "National" are people's organizations, such as the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and the All-China Women's Federation.
Names change with status.
Of course, the difference between names is only an external form, and the real difference is the "status" difference behind the name.
As we all know, the specifications of the State Council departments are higher than those of directly affiliated institutions. Department heads are all members of the State Council, attending the plenary meeting in the State Council, and the heads of directly affiliated institutions can only attend meetings involving matters of their own departments. The specifications of the directly affiliated institutions are higher than those of the National Bureau managed by ministries and commissions, and the National Bureau cannot send a letter directly to the State Council.
Different specifications, different levels, "Ministry", "General Administration" and "General Administration" are generally ministerial level (the Audit Bureau is also ministerial level), and "Bureau" can only be deputy ministerial level.
Since the reform and opening up in China, the institutional reform has been carried out continuously, and the attributes of some departments are also changing, and their names are also changing with the change of their status.
Recently, the Ministry of Environmental Protection changed its name because of the department upgrade. In 1980s, environmental protection began to receive attention. At first, the Ministry of Environmental Protection was established under the State Construction Committee, then the Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection was established, and then the Environmental Protection Bureau was established separately. 1998 During the institutional reform, the Environmental Protection Bureau was upgraded to the General Administration of Environmental Protection, and the organization was upgraded to the ministerial level. At the beginning of this century, environmental problems escalated. In 2005, the Songhua River pollution incident occurred. In the institutional reform in 2008, the State Environmental Protection Administration was upgraded to the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and its full name was also upgraded from the State Environmental Protection Administration to the Ministry of Environmental Protection (PRC) of People's Republic of China (PRC).
The upgraded departments include the Press and Publication Administration and the Administration for Industry and Commerce. In 200 1 year, in order to "meet the requirements of WTO entry and strengthen market law enforcement", it was upgraded to General Administration and General Administration respectively, and promoted to ministerial level.
Some departments are upgrading, and many departments have changed their names because of demotion.
For example, the 1998 "drastic" institutional reform, in order to reduce the number of departments, the Radio, Film and Television Department of People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) became the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and became a directly affiliated institution. The name of the region was changed from "People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC)" to "Country", and the name of the grid was changed from "Ministry" to "General Administration".
In the same year, the Forestry Department of People's Republic of China (PRC) was reduced to the State Forestry Administration, which not only downgraded its status, but also reduced its level to the vice ministerial level. However, in recent years, the voice of restoring the Ministry of Forestry has been constantly appearing, especially in the work of controlling dust sources, and there has also been a dispute between the Ministry of Agriculture and the Forestry Bureau. They manage grasslands and forests. A person in charge of the National Office for Combating Desertification told the Southern Weekend reporter that the Office for Combating Desertification is located in the Forestry Bureau, but the level of the deputy ministerial level makes this institution "small horse-drawn carts" unbearable.
The most typical ones are the State Seismological Bureau and the State Meteorological Administration. In the institutional reform of 1993 and 1998, in order to reduce administrative institutions, it was changed to institutions, and the name of the region was changed from "country" to "China" marked with institutions, and it was changed to China Meteorological Bureau and China Seismological Bureau respectively, but actually assumed administrative functions.
Under the guiding ideology of "only small but not big", the CSRC, CIRC and CBRC, which were later established, were all listed as institutions, although they all had the power of administrative punishment, and their geographical names were also dubbed "China".
"Division" and "Bureau" have different functions.
Every central organ has many internal organs, and every department has offices (rooms). In addition, other internal organs of Party committees and departments such as the Central Organization Department, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and United Front Work Department are generally called "bureaus".
The internal organs of the administrative agencies under the State Council are generally called "ministries", but there are also a few "bureaus", such as more than ten "ministries" under the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, a film bureau, several departments under the Ministry of Railways and a transportation bureau.
In the State Council, although the "Ministry" and "Bureau" have the same administrative level, their functions are different. A retired department-level cadre of the Ministry of Culture explained this difference to Southern Weekend reporters with his own experience. His department is now called the Art Department of the Ministry of Culture, and it used to be called the Art Bureau.
In his view, there is not much difference between "division" and "bureau" in business, but there is a difference in external coordination. The former Art Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, in addition to the outdoor business department, also has the Party Committee, the Personnel Department and the Ministry of Planning and Finance to co-ordinate the personnel, money and materials of the units directly under the Ministry of Culture in Beijing, such as the National Peking Opera Theatre, the National Theatre and the National Art Museum. But after it became an art department, it became a pure business department, and the overall work of people, money and things was handed over to the relevant departments of the Ministry of Culture.
Another change is that the Art Bureau of the Ministry of Culture can directly call it "foreign" and send a document directly to the cultural departments (bureaus) of provinces and cities. However, after changing to the art department, you can't send it directly. If it is really necessary to issue a document, it can only be drafted and issued in the name of the Ministry of Culture or the General Office of the Ministry of Culture.
The difference between these two points has also been confirmed by the relevant people in the central office. According to the Southern Weekend reporter's observation, at present, among the departments in the State Council, only all the internal organs of the Ministry of Public Security are called "bureaus", such as the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, the Public Security Bureau and the Propaganda Bureau. The internal organs of other departments in the State Council are often called "divisions".
There are about 20 departments and several bureaus in the State Council. Among them, 14 the State Council has set up "bureaus", such as the Prison Bureau of the Ministry of Justice, the NGO Bureau of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Veterinary Bureau and the Seed Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Anti-monopoly Bureau of the Ministry of Commerce, the Treasury Bureau of the Central Bank, and the Disease Control Bureau of the Ministry of Health.
Among the bureaus directly under the State Council and managed by state ministries and commissions, a few departments have set up "bureaus", such as the Film Bureau of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, the Anti-smuggling Bureau of the General Administration of Customs, and the Trademark Office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. And set up an inspection bureau in the State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products.
The businesses managed by these "bureaus" are generally more important businesses in ministries. Some "bureaus", like "departments", only have offices for pure business, but some also have administrative departments. For example, the Immigration Bureau of the Ministry of Water Resources has nine departments, including the Personnel Department, the Financial Planning Department, the Policy and Regulation Department, and the Civil Affairs Bureau has the Policy and Regulation Department.
It should be pointed out that the State Council departments generally have the Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres and the Bureau of Discipline Inspection and Supervision. Although it is called "bureau", it is not a business department. In addition, although some bureaus are called "bureaus", they are all public institutions, such as the Salvage Bureau of the Ministry of Communications and the Maritime Safety Administration. They are inferior to professional "divisions" and "bureaus".
What is the difference between administrative units, public institutions and enterprise units? Administrative units are generally * * * institutions, such as water conservancy bureau, family planning commission and public security bureau.
Institutions include the Education Commission, public schools and research institutes.
Enterprise units are state-owned enterprises, PetroChina, Sinopec and so on.
What is the difference between a unit and its name? Units refer to organs, organizations or departments subordinate to organs and organizations.
It also refers to the name of the standard quantity for measuring things in mathematics or physics, which generally includes: meters (m), kilometers (km), Newton (n), Pascal (Pa) and other units; In the traditional sense of Buddhism, units refer to quantitative units such as length, quality and time. And there are special terms such as: moment, moment, snap of fingers, moment and so on. Accurately speaking, a unit is a group of a certain amount of substances defined as "1" to become a unit.
The unit name can be different according to the nature of different units, and it is a concrete name attached to the abstract concept of units.
1, enterprise, region+brand name+product+nature. For example, XXX Co., Ltd. generally needs to write its full name.
2, state organs, a city public security bureau. Wait a minute. Of course, there are also some units that do not have independent legal personality, such as partnerships, individual industrial and commercial households, branches and so on.
3. Centimeter, area and weight for measurement.
What is the difference between a unit and a department? What is the difference between a "unit" and a "department" 1. Conceptually, "department" and "unit" have different definitions:
From the concept itself, a unit refers to an independent organization or institution, and a department refers to the functional part of an independent organization;
2. In terms of nature, "department" and "unit" are different in nature:
Units are relative to individuals, and units are generally legal persons, which are relatively complete and independent social organizations. Departments usually refer to some units with the same or similar nature. Of course, departments can also refer to the internal working institutions of a unit and the working departments of * * *, such as the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Personnel.
3. In terms of scope, the scope of "department" and "unit" is different:
The scope of the unit is very wide, including not only functional departments, but also people at all levels themselves, as well as organs or functional departments of people at all levels.
Strictly speaking, in state organs, departments refer to the functional institutions of people at all levels, such as public security bureau, sometimes called public security department, industrial and commercial bureau, and sometimes called industrial and commercial department. On the one hand, it is to perform the functions and powers entrusted by law, and it is an integral part of * * *.
However, there is no absolute size contrast between "department" and "unit", and they are all relative. Some departments have many units, while others have few units. On the contrary, some units are made up of many departments, while others are made up of fewer departments.
What's the difference between "hall" and "bureau"? According to Article 10 of the>, the ranks of national civil servants are divided into fifteen grades.
The corresponding relationship between job and level is:
(1) Premier the State Council: level 1;
(2) Vice Premier and State Councilor of the State Council: Level 2-3;
(3) Ministerial level and provincial level: three to four levels;
(4) Ministerial deputies and provincial deputies: four to five;
(5) Division chief, division chief and inspector: five to seven levels;
(6) Deputies at department level, deputies at department level and assistant inspectors: Grade 6-8;
(7) Division chief, county chief and researcher: 7- 10;
(8) Division level deputy, county level deputy and assistant researcher: 8- 1 1 level;
(9) Division-level chief, township-level chief and chief clerk: grades 9 to 12;
(10) Department-level deputy, township-level deputy and deputy director: 9- 13;
(1 1) Clerk: Grade 9 to 14;
(12) Clerk: 10- 15.
The Civil Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) was adopted by the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 10th NPC in People's Republic of China (PRC) on April 27th, 2005, and came into force on June 65438+ 10/day, 2006.
The levels of leadership positions are divided into: national chief, national deputy, provincial chief, provincial deputy, bureau chief, bureau deputy, county deputy, county deputy, township deputy and township deputy.
The level of non-leadership positions is set below the bureau level.
Seventeenth comprehensive leadership positions are determined according to the Constitution, relevant laws, job levels and institutional norms.
Non-leadership positions in comprehensive management are divided into: inspector, deputy inspector, researcher, deputy researcher, chief clerk, deputy chief clerk, clerk and clerk.
The job sequence of civil servants in other job categories other than comprehensive management shall be stipulated separately by the state in accordance with this law.
National level (Prime Minister), sub-national level (Deputy Prime Minister and State Councilor), provincial and ministerial level (Governor, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Chairman and Secretary of the District Committee of the Autonomous Region, Mayor and Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee and Minister), deputy ministerial level (Vice Governor, Deputy Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Vice President and Deputy Secretary of the District Committee of the Autonomous Region, Deputy Mayor of the Municipal Government, Deputy Secretary and Deputy Minister of the Municipal Party Committee), departmental level (Director, Director, Mayor and Inspector of the Municipal Party Committee of the prefecture-level city) Deputy secretary of municipal party committee, deputy head of municipal district committee, assistant inspector), department level (director, director, county party committee secretary, county magistrate, district and district party committee secretary, researcher and deputy director of public security bureau of prefecture-level city), deputy department level (deputy director, deputy director of prefecture-level city, deputy secretary of county party committee, deputy head of prefecture-level city, deputy director of district party committee, assistant researcher and deputy head of public security bureau), department level (department level) Secretary of township committee, township head, public security bureau chief, section chief), section chief (deputy section chief, deputy director of county or prefecture-level city, deputy secretary of township committee, deputy mayor, deputy captain of public security bureau, deputy mayor), clerk. The units below the county bureau are not the first-level administrative establishment. The section chief is generally a clerk, and the individual is a minor subject, such as a police station.
This is a * * * system. The presidents of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference are at the national level, while the presidents of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate are at the sub-national level, and so on.
What's the difference between them? Grignard quantifier
Each is an adverb.
The difference is the difference between quantifiers and adverbs.
What's the difference between "only" and "head"? Personal opinion: both units are used to represent the number of animals, but-
1, "only" is used for smaller animals, such as mice, rabbits and chickens. ...
2. "Head" is used for larger animals, such as cows, elephants and lions. ...
3. If you use "only" instead of "head", you can barely, such as lions, cows and elephants ... it sounds awkward, but there is no absolute grammatical error on the whole; On the other hand, it is not enough to replace "only" with "head". For example, a chicken, a mouse and a rabbit ... not only sounds awkward, but also does not meet the grammatical requirements in Chinese. It can be said that there is a speech disorder.
What is the difference between units "n", "kgf" and "lbf"? "N, kgf and lbf are all units of force.
What's the difference between weekends and weekends? The difference between weekends and weekends:
1, open? Weekend means a week, this week (with particularity).
Weekend means many weeks.
3.at weekend emphasizes a specific time and uses it before a specific time.
weekend
I heard that they have quite strict policies on weekend passes.
I also heard that they are very strict about going in and out on weekends.
Do I have to work on weekends? If so, how do you pay overtime?
Must I work on weekends? If yes, how to calculate overtime pay?
But I didn't realize that I had to work on weekends.
However, I didn't realize that I had to work overtime on weekends.
Can you come to see me at the weekend?
Can Mary come to see me this weekend?
Jazz is relaxing. I listen to it when I make breakfast on weekend mornings.
Jazz is relaxing. I like listening to jazz when I make breakfast on weekends.
weekend
Jim does gardening at his friend's house on weekends.
Jim helps his friend with the garden on weekends.
Bill will visit at the weekend.
Bill will come this weekend.
They wandered around in dirty sweaters and trousers on weekends.
They wander around in loose sweaters and trousers on weekends.
He should go to see his mother at the weekend.
He always comes to see his mother on weekends.
I often go shopping with my mother on weekends.
I often go shopping with my mother on weekends.
weekend
On weekends, the roads are crowded with holidaymakers who come to watch the parade.
On weekends, the roads are crowded with holiday tourists who come to watch the parade.
I don't do housework on weekends. I play tennis with my friends.
I don't do housework on weekends. I play tennis with my friends.
On weekends, we can go to the suburbs with friends.
On weekends, we can have a picnic in the suburbs with friends.
I only work on weekdays and don't work on weekends.
I only work on weekdays and don't work on weekends.
On weekends, I often play games with my friends online.
On weekends, I often play online games with my friends.
What's the difference between wins, bios dns DNS? WINS is used to analyze the PC name in the local area network and the IP address of the internal network, but it is basically not used at present;
NetBIOS is a network protocol related to LAN. Since XP system, this protocol has been integrated into TCP/IP protocol, and it is generally unnecessary to use this protocol alone.
The URL used by DNS to resolve abcd. Wait a minute. Enter the IP address 1 1.22.33.44. If the DNS server is set incorrectly or the DNS server is abnormal, QQ will be normal but the URL will not be opened.