The art of exhortation in the text;

The fourth unit of the first volume of the Chinese textbook for senior high school selects four ancient essays, which are from Zuozhuan, Guoyu and Warring States Policy. They are all famous historical essays in the pre-Qin period.

Its exquisite language and fascinating stories show us the outstanding artistic achievements of pre-Qin historical prose. Among them, the superb art of remonstrance of the ancients is particularly prominent in three articles, namely, The Ring of Qin by Candle, Zou Ji's Irony of King Xu, and Touching the Dragon to Show Zhao.

Analysis and appreciation of art;

The eloquence of candlelight, Zou Ji's eloquence, and the grasp of touching dragons all persuaded the sovereign with their outstanding eloquence, thus rewriting the history of their country: the retreat of candlelight from Qin saved Zhao.

Zou Ji satirized Qi Wang's Xu Ma's "victory over the imperial court" and said that Zhao helped Zhao get help from Qi in times of crisis, thus turning the corner. Because of this, they have become historical heroes and immortal artistic images in the history of literature.

Their success is inseparable from their outstanding eloquence. What is its gift? What are its argumentation skills? What is the secret of its success? The answer to this question may have more direct significance for modern people who live in modern society and face the complicated interpersonal relationships in modern society.

To respect others, only by respecting others can we win their respect. The power of candles is the respect for Qin Bo and Zou Ji for Qi Weiwang and Empress Dowager Zhao. The power of candles is the "monarch", and Zou Ji is the "minister" who is "too sick to run away".

However, we should also "slow down" and "thank ourselves to the extreme" and show respect for each other in every word and deed. This respect won the goodwill of the other party, thus laying a good emotional foundation for his persuasion work.

Efforts should be made to create a harmonious conversation atmosphere. This is particularly prominent in Touching the Dragon and Telling the Queen of Zhao. When Touch Dragon first met the Empress Dowager, he was "full of pride". In this case, if you touch the dragon and say that you want to take Chang as a hostage, you are likely to fall into the embarrassing situation of Empress Dowager Cixi.

Because when people are angry, they are the most irrational. Not only is it difficult to listen to other people's opinions, but it is also likely to take the other person as the object of venting. The sophisticated and shrewd dragon-touching has long recognized this.

Therefore, when he met the Empress Dowager, he avoided talking about the usual things, but asked about the diet and daily life of the Empress Dowager and began to talk about homeliness, so that the Empress Dowager changed from "the Empress Dowager was full of energy and slapped" to "talking with a smile", a harmonious conversation atmosphere was formed, and the conditions for expressing her opinions were ripe.

Circuitous tactics, "competition" tactics, if you want to achieve one thing, talk about B first, and use B to promote one thing, please enter the urn. The purpose of the candle is to make Qin Bo, who marched thousands of miles here, retreat. Zou Ji intends to make the "wicked" king accept the accusation of the Chinese people, while touching the dragon is entirely to make the beloved son of Empress Zhao hostage in Qi State.

These things are hard for ordinary people to accept, not to mention being the king of a country with more than 10 thousand people. Therefore, if you cut to the chase from the beginning, you may suddenly fall into a deadlock that is difficult to ride a tiger, and you will lose face or even be killed when you make trouble.

So, at the beginning of the conversation, they avoided talking about the purpose of the trip, but talked about something seemingly irrelevant: Zhu Li did not talk about letting Qin withdraw, but talked about Qin's gains and losses; Zou Ji is talking about some boudoir whispers, while touching the dragon is purely casual.

But in fact, they took great pains when choosing the topic. Talking about these topics is to draw out what they really want to talk about and serve the following topics. These topics are closely related to the following topics.