When Yuwen Kai designed the Ming Hall in Sui Dynasty, there were many different opinions and controversies, so he "read many books and discussed them in detail". After careful study, he wrote "Playing Ming Tang Yi" and stated the design reasons. Among them, he mentioned his on-site investigation and measurement of the original Taijitang site, and presented it to the emperor together with the design drawings and models, and the plan was determined.
In addition, since the "Winter Official" of the Zhou Dynasty, China has set up special construction departments and officials to be responsible for the design, construction and deployment of building materials, which lasted for two or three thousand years. It is the work of these official institutions that makes the organizational efficiency of labor and material production and transportation at a high level, and the "standardization" and "modularization" of China classical architecture can be implemented and popularized.
By the Ming Dynasty, the architectural design system in China was quite complete. At that time, all kinds of government projects were designed and planned by the official specialized architectural design agency-the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. In Qing dynasty, two departments were further established, namely "calculation room" and "sample room". The "calculation room" is responsible for the budget and evaluation of materials, and the "sample room" is responsible for drawing design sketches, scale construction drawings and making models. At that time, the model was made of cardboard, which not only showed the appearance, but also could be disassembled to show the internal structure, directly serving the construction, and was called "ironing sample". Lei Fada (1619-1693), an outstanding craftsman in the Qing Dynasty, and his seven generations of descendants successively took charge of the "model houses". For more than 200 years, the planning and design of large-scale royal projects such as Yuanmingyuan, Qingyi Garden, Jehol Palace, Changling and Hui Ling have all come from their hands.
Classical modular system was established in ancient wooden buildings in China. 109 1 year, the first official revised book of China, Building Law, summarizes the architectural experience of the previous generation, and takes "materials" as the building standard, that is, the "materials" used in wood structure buildings are divided into eight grades according to their sizes, and the "materials" are measured according to the sizes and priorities of houses. Once the "material" is selected, the size of the wooden frame assembly will follow. This set of effective building methods has been used until the Qing Dynasty.
Once the dimensions of various components are determined, it lays the foundation for prefabrication production. All wooden members are prefabricated members, which are not limited by the area of the construction site. After the parts are produced quickly, they are transported to the site for installation. The "tenon-mortise" connection mode has a long history in China, which can be said to be caused by the assembled construction mode. At this point, scaled architectural drawings and models also provide great help. In this way, the material consumption and labor quota of each type of work are standardized and can be accurately estimated, which is helpful to the economic budget, accounting and management of the project and the smooth progress of the construction.