1On September 2, 870, Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte was defeated and surrendered in the Franco-Prussian War. The people of Paris set off the 94 Revolution and overthrew the Second Empire. The fruits of victory fell into the hands of the bourgeois Republican right wing and imperialist Orleans, and a "national defense government" was established. 187 1 07 February 17, L.-A. thiers became the head of the French government. On 28th, the Franco-German peace treaty was signed, and France ceded Alsace and Lorraine to Germany, and paid 5 billion francs in compensation. The humiliation of the thiers government aroused great indignation among the people. The people of Paris demanded the establishment of communes to supervise the government. On March 15, representatives of the 25 1 Battalion of the National Guard elected the Central Committee. 18 In the early morning of March, the government of thiers sent troops to attack Mon martel and Somon Heights in an attempt to seize 4 17 cannons of the National Guard and arrest members of the Central Committee of the National Guard, thus triggering an armed uprising. That night, the National Guard took control of all government agencies and bridges on the Seine. Members of thiers's government and its troops, police and officials fled Versailles in panic. Elections were held in Paris on March 26th, and the Paris Commune was formally established on March 28th.

The proletarian regime established by Paris workers after the March Revolution 187 1. The first attempt to overthrow bourgeois rule and implement proletarian dictatorship in world history.