Official name. Originally used as a title of respect for the county magistrate during the Warring States period. During the reign of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty, the county magistrate was renamed the magistrate and became the chief executive of a county. The past dynasties have not changed. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, more and more countries joined in. The territory under the jurisdiction of counties has decreased, and the power of counties has been seized by the state secretariat. There is little difference between counties. In the early years of Sui Dynasty, the county was abolished and changed to state secretariat. Since then, the satrap is no longer an official name, but only used as another name for the secretariat or magistrate. Ming and Qing dynasties are called magistrate.
Equivalent to the mayor of a prefecture-level city.
The governor of a province or region.
The secretariat was originally the official name of the governor, and became the highest military and political chief of the country after the Eastern Han Dynasty. Tang Bai Juyi was the secretariat of Hangzhou and Suzhou, and Liu Zongyuan was the secretariat of Liuzhou.
Equivalent to the governor.
Officials of the feudal government
The highest official in charge of justice from Qin and Han Dynasties to Northern Qi Dynasty. In the 6th year of Emperor Han Jingdi (144), it was renamed Dali; In the fourth year of Jianyuan (137), the old name was restored; Ai Yuanshou was renamed Dali in the second year (1). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xin Mang was renamed as a scholar and Tingwei. Dali was restored at the end of Han Dynasty. In the first year of Huang Chu (22 1), the state of Wei was renamed Tingwei, and it was not changed until the Northern Qi Dynasty.
The commander's duty is to manage criminal prisons all over the world. Every year, the total number of prison breaks in the country will eventually be summarized in court; Difficult cases in counties should be reported to Tingwei for sentencing; Ting Wei often sends people to handle some important cases for the local government. Some can also refute the judgments put forward by the emperor and the three governments. Ting Wei can arrest, imprison and try guilty princes or ministers according to imperial edicts. Etiquette is hidden in Tingwei, and is in charge of the revision of laws and regulations. Minutes, inches, feet, feet and other matters that belong to the measurement standard are also in the charge of Ting Wei.
Ting Wei ranks in the middle of 2000 stone, and his subordinate officer is Ting Weizheng, with one supervisor on the left and one supervisor on the right. Liu Xun, Xuan Di, Emperor of the Han Dynasty, added four 600-stone Tingweiping in order to strengthen the control of local judicial institutions.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the right supervisor was omitted, and Zuo Ping was the only one in Siting Weiping Province. Tingwei candidates often choose to take out those who come from a family of lawyers, such as Wu Xiong and Tingwei III when Shun Di was Emperor Shundi. Guo Gongjia is famous for learning Du Fu's law. In several generations, as many as seven people have served as Tingwei. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, power belonged to Taige, and Ting Wei sometimes had to obey the minister when handling cases. In case of a major mystery, Ting Wei took Shangshu * * * as a precedent for the criminal law and punishments of Dali Kingdom in later generations.
There is no difference between Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and Han Dynasty. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, Yi Tingwei was appointed as the official of Dali Temple. In the Tang Dynasty, a system was formed in which Dali temple officials tried capital crimes and the punishments reviewed them. There was no Dali Temple in the Yuan Dynasty, and the trial was conducted directly by the Ministry of Punishment. Therefore, after the restoration of Dali Temple in the Ming Dynasty, influenced by the unitary system, it was changed to a system in which cases were tried by the Ministry of Punishment and Dali Temple officials were only responsible for examination. Felony cases reported by local authorities are also reviewed by the Ministry of Punishment first, and then by Dali Temple. The purging system is the same as the purging system.
Dr.guanglu
During the Warring States period, Chinese medicine was set up, and when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to change to Dr. Guanglu, with a rank of 2,000 stone, who was in charge of counselors. Li Yuguang and Lu Xun. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were no staff members, but all of them were officials and praised officials: those with gold plaques and purple ribbons were called Dr. Jin Ziguang Lu; Those with purple ribbons and silver seals are called Dr. Yin Qing Guanglu. After the Tang Dynasty and the Zong Dynasty, as the title of official rank, Dr. Guanglu was the second grade, Dr. Guanglu in Jinzi was the authentic product, and Dr. Guanglu in Yin Qing was the second grade. Yuan and Ming dynasties were promoted from one product to another, and in Qing dynasty they were promoted to one product.
Main thin
The master book is an ancient official position in China, belonging to a civilian. This official position probably began in the Han Dynasty, and it is responsible for bookkeeping and seals, that is, drafting some documents, managing files and managing various seals, which is roughly equivalent to the position of a modern secretary. This official is located in the central government and local county governments. During the Three Kingdoms period, Yang Xiu of Wei once held this position.
Head of the secretariat
Official name. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty served as a eunuch, he handed in letters and so on. After Sima Qian was sentenced, he took office in this position. At the end of the western Han dynasty, it was changed to a Chinese official rank. During Wei Wendi's Three Kingdoms period, the secretary was changed to a Chinese book, and a Chinese book supervisor and a Chinese book order were set up to master confidential information. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, people who were not close to the monarch and people with special expectations did not grant this official. In the Tang dynasty, the people who actually served as prime ministers were only given the tasks of assistant minister in Zhongshu, assistant minister under the door and assistant minister under the door with Zhongshu. The Song system was similar. In the Sui Dynasty, the official secretariat order was renamed as the official secretariat order and the official secretariat order. In the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed Right Phase, Fengge Order and Wei Zi Order. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was used as a gift for officials. In the yuan dynasty, the position of the secretariat was particularly heavy, and it was also the crown prince. Abolished in Ming dynasty. Sun Chang Wuji Biography in the New Tang Dynasty: "The Prince acceded to the throne as emperor. I went to Captain Mowgli and checked the order in the book. I still know about Menxia and Shangshu provinces. " "Song history. "Official History Ji Yi": [Book Order] The Zhou Dynasty never really worshipped, nor did it pre-govern with other officials and leaders, except Cao Qiao, and all the others were given officials. [Yuanfeng] The official system is to shoot the right servant and serve as the assistant minister of Zhongshu, without the assistant minister. After ZTE, the prime minister left and right, and the provincial order was not made. " Qu Tuiyuan's Notes on Officials of Past Dynasties: "Systematically, the secretariat is the decision-making body, so the secretariat is the source of government affairs."
Danielle Shangshu
Danielle Shangshu
In charge of the appointment and removal of national officials, it is the highest official of the official department. The Tang and Song Dynasties were three products, the Ming Dynasty was two products, and the Qing Dynasty was one product. Usually called Tianguan, Zhuze and Taizai.
doctor
The origin of "doctor"
"Doctor" was an official name at the earliest, which appeared in the Warring States period more than 2,000 years ago. Sima Qian wrote in Records of the Historian Biography of Officials that "the official ceremony was suspended, and the doctor of Lu also took Lu Xiang as the priority."
During the Qin dynasty, the doctor was in charge of the national ancient and modern history and book laws and regulations. In the Tang Dynasty, people who specialized in a certain profession were called "doctors", such as "doctors of medicine" and "doctors of arithmetic". In the Song Dynasty, waiters in the service industry were also called "doctors". Feng Wen Jian Ji's "Drinking Tea" section records: "Order my slave to take 30 yuan and reward the doctor for frying tea."
In the era of Qin Shihuang, due to dictatorship and brutality, Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted, and the peasant army attacked the city and plundered the land and occupied the government. The news reached the palace, and the dissolute and incompetent Qin Ershi called ministers to discuss countermeasures. Everyone said that we should send troops to suppress the peasant uprising as soon as possible. But only Uncle Sun found the displeasure on the emperor's face, so have it both ways said in a low voice, "The emperor is wise, caring, dignified and respectable, and nothing can be accomplished by people who make trouble. Why should this disturb the emperor? " When the emperor heard his uncle Sun Tong's words, he became more arrogant, arrested the person who made the suggestion, greatly rewarded his uncle Sun Tong, and promoted him as a "doctor".
Guo Zi and Dr. Guo Zi are both officials in imperial academy who are responsible for educating students.
Imperial college/college
The name of the highest institution of higher learning and government in ancient China. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the Confucius Institute was founded, with a son and a doctor of Confucius to teach students. Beiqi was renamed Guo Zi Temple. When Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, he changed to temple science. Soon, Chinese studies were abolished, and only one Chinese study was established, eliminating the need for wine sacrifices and doctors; If you have a PhD from Imperial College, you always know what to study. Emperor Yang acceded to the throne, changed to imperial academy, and reset the drink offering. Under this system in the Tang Dynasty, there were six schools in imperial academy, including Guo Zi, imperial academy, Four Schools, Arithmetic, Calligraphy, etc., all of which set up doctors and set up a member to offer wine and sacrifice, who was responsible for managing knowledge and giving lectures to the Crown Prince. In the first year of Tang Gaozong Longshuo (66 1), Dongdu was also put into prison. It was renamed Si Chengguan or Cheng Junjian.
Song belongs to the Ministry of rites. In the early Song Dynasty, after the Five Dynasties, imperial academy was established to recruit children of officials with more than seven grades as students. In the second year of Duangong (989), imperial academy was changed to Guo Zi School, and in the fifth year of Chunhua (994), it was still a prison. Before the establishment of Taitai in the fourth year of Li Qing (1044), imperial academy was the highest institution of learning in the Song Dynasty. The children of middle and senior officials sit in prison to study, which is only nominal, and the number is small, and there are even fewer people attending classes on weekdays. Since the establishment of imperial academy and other schools, imperial academy has become the general institution in charge of schools in China. All schools in imperial academy and Guo Zi, martial arts, law, primary schools, state and county schools, etc. Guiding students, recommending students to accept jobs, building school buildings, drawing three ceremonies, drawing statues of sages, building libraries in pavilions, and inspecting schools by the emperor were all carried out under its auspices. Before Yuanfeng's political reform (see Yuanfeng's political reform), imperial academy officials were divided into prison, outspoken, incorruptible and chief accountant. Since the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), there have been (old supervisor), (substitute wine waiter), Cheng (master book), Dr. imperial academy (old direct teacher), Dr., Doctor of Martial Arts and Doctor of Law in prison. The supervisor is divided into three cases: the kitchen case is in charge of the business school's money and food. There are many officials in each case, such as Xuchang, Xu Zuo and Cycas. Imperial academy also set up a library to engrave classics and history books for the court to ask for, give and sell. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a "printing house" in the prison. Imperial academy's printed edition, called "Jian Ben", is generally exquisitely carved, ranking first in the country. In the Northern Song Dynasty, imperial academy was established in capital cities such as Xijing, Nanjing and Beijing, and officials were set up. The court is in power, and the attendants and other officials serve each other. Their ministries and commissions are quite simple, and they only pay for food, which has actually become a place for literati to recuperate. Chongning for four years (1 105), went to Beijing and imperial academy for three times, each with a division.
Liao Taizu went to Beijing, and imperial academy was set up in the south, with wine offering, management, honesty, main book and imperial academy. Another imperial academy has been built in Beijing, and the positions of officials are the same as those in Beijing. In the Jin Dynasty, imperial academy governed Guo Zi School and imperial academy, and set up wine festivals and companies. There are two or three supervisors, one of whom is in charge of women's direct education. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, imperial academy was the Jixian Academy, which governed the Guo Zi School, set up a wine supply office and was in charge of the decrees of the Guo Zi School. Cheng Jian specializes in prison affairs. In addition, Mongolian imperial academy and Hui imperial academy schools were established to show the difference between them and Han people and southerners.
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhongdu Guo Zi School was established, and later changed to imperial academy, which was in charge of the order of Chinese students. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Ming Taizu Chengzu set up imperial academy in Beijing, all of which were equipped with wine festivals, general managers, supervisors and standard books. In the Qing Dynasty, imperial academy was in charge of all kinds of official schools in China (except Zongxue and Jueluo) and set up a minister of management and supervision. A drink offering, one for Manchu and one for Han; Division, Manchu, Mongolian, Han each one. In addition, there are academic officials such as inspectors, doctors, books and classics. Guangxu thirty-three years (1907), belonging to the Ministry.
Champion general
The word "champion" originated in the Warring States Period, when a general of the State of Chu was named a general in the world, also known as the "champion of Qing Zi". Champion has become synonymous with generals, meaning the first of all generals. Later, people called the winner of the first place the champion.
minister
Shangshu was originally an official in charge of the memorial. There were no six in the early Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, six departments were designated as officials, households, rituals, soldiers, criminals and workers, and ministers and assistant ministers were the chief officials of each department. For example, "Zhang Hengchuan": "Write a letter begging for bones and worship the ministers." For another example, Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher, is an official minister, Bai Juyi, a poet, is an official minister, and Shi Kefa is an official minister.
The Book of History, also known as Shangshu, is a batch of ancient historical books handed down before the Warring States Period. Most of them are political speeches and historical events, some of which are recorded by historians at that time, and some are based on historical materials. Because it is an ancient book, it is called. (Editor Zhu Dongrun:)
Servant shooting
Shangshu Province from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Song Dynasty in China. There is a title of servant shooting in Qin law, and servant shooting in Han dynasty is a broad official title. Servant means responsible. In ancient times, the main shooter was in charge of everything, so officers were called servants. Later, only the ministers' servants and shooters inherited the same tradition, and the names of other servants and shooters were mostly abolished. Therefore, the servant shooting from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Song Dynasty refers to the minister servant shooting. Shangshu Servant Shooter is the deputy of Shangshujie. Shangshu was absent, and the servant shot was the chief officer of Shangshutai (later called Province). At first, there was only one servant shot, and it was not until the fourth year of Jian 'an (199) that the servant shot was separated. The left and right servants shot the minister Cao, and the left servant shot the right to correct the officials, which was greater than the right servant shot. In the absence of the minister, the left and right servants are provincial masters. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the servant shot was in a secondary position, known as the end deputy (the official order called the end right). However, from the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were ministers and ministers' orders above the servants. When Chen arrived, these two positions were basically ignored because of their weight, and the power of servant shooting was exclusive. During the reign of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Shangshu was abolished. Although Shangshu was established, it was often lacking. So Shangshu Zuofu became the prime minister of the imperial court. In the early Tang Dynasty, the system of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty was generally inherited. However, Emperor Taizong ordered the ministers to handle the detailed affairs by the left and right officials on the grounds that the servants requested to visit the talented people, which restricted the servants' power to comprehensively manage government affairs. In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Li? After she was given the title of "three books in the same book", Fu She participated in the proceedings of the government affairs hall from then on, and this figure was taken as an example to show that Fu She was no longer a natural prime minister. After Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the servant shot no longer added this number. Since then, servant shooting has been excluded from the ranks of prime ministers. In the late Tang dynasty, servants were often used as official positions for observation and observation to indicate the ranking of their products. So the servant shot became a virtual post, not only not being a prime minister, but also not asking about the affairs of Shangshu Province. From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, it followed the system of the late Tang Dynasty. In the eighth year of filial piety in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 172), the left and right servants were changed to the right and left prime ministers, and there was no longer the name of servants.
The prince's son
Servant of the prince in the Warring States period.
Secretary lang
Official name. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was a secretary province, in charge of books and classics, or "secretary doctor". It was renamed "Lantaro" in the Tang Dynasty. There are many other "proofreaders" in the past dynasties to proofread ancient books, while the secretary lang is responsible for collecting books and copying. I worked in imperial academy in the early Ming Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, under the examination of the Hanlin Academy, Secretary Lang was re-established.
Nakasone Ren Zhongyun
"Han Shu Palace Clear Table" records Zhan's charge of the queen and the prince, and the officials include the prince, the courtiers, the servants and the Chinese shield. After the shield was renamed "Zhongyun". After Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was renamed Zhongsheren. The Tang Dynasty put Zhongyun under Zuo Chunfang's left bastard and Zhongsheren under you Chunfang's right bastard. Zhongyun is a small assistant minister in the imperial court, and Zhongsheren is a small assistant minister in the imperial court. When Tang Gaozong was a doctor, Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon was changed to Zuo Zanshan, and Zhong Scheeren was right Zanshan. In the Ming Dynasty, both left and right Chunfang were called middle rhyme, which was different from left middle rhyme and right middle rhyme. In the Qing Dynasty, Yunge 1 people in Hanzhong were all six officials.
Changshi
During the Qin dynasty, he was an official of the prime minister. For example, Reese is a long history, equivalent to the secretary-general of the prime minister. After the Han dynasty, he became a general's officer and an aide. "Teacher's Watch": "Chinese assistant minister, history book, long history, joined the army, this is the death minister of Zhen Liang." "Long history" refers to Zhang. "Battle of Red Cliffs": "Zi Yu, Ming Xiong Jin Ye, avoided the chaos in Jiangdong, which is a long history of Sun Quan."
Riding alone, often waiting.
Shangshuling, Shangshu Zuoshe and Shangshu Zuocheng are all officials of Shangshu Province.
the State Council
One of the highest government agencies in China during Wei, Jin and Song Dynasties. First named Shangshutai, later called Shangshu Province. It was developed by Shang Shu, the secretary of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. During the Qin Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty, Shangshu was an official of Shaofu, a junior minister who served the emperor. Together with Shangguan, Guru, Guru and Guru, it is called Shangshu. Because he is responsible for sending and receiving (or enlightening) documents and keeping books in the temple, he is called Shangshu. During the Three Kingdoms period, Shangshutai had officially left Shaofu and became the confluence of national government affairs. Because of its rising authority, it aroused the suspicion of the supreme ruler, so the supreme ruler began to deprive it of its power again. When Cao Cao was king of Wei, he ordered his ministers to take charge of the affairs. Wei Mingdi, librarian, full-time order. As a result, there is a Chinese book province outside the Shangshutai, and the attendants who used to be the emperor's attendants have gradually become the important positions of consulting, and Shangshutai no longer has the exclusive position of the computer center. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the right to video was gradually divided, and sometimes three or four people were combined into videos. In order to prevent the minister from being too powerful, Emperor Xiaowu of Song Dynasty omitted the post of video recording, and it will not be abolished often in the future. After the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, the sixteen countries established in the north, except Qianliang and Xiliang served Zhengshuo in the south of the Yangtze River and did not set up a bookstore, all the other regimes had official positions such as ministers, servants and ministers. The Northern Wei Dynasty came from Xianbei nationality, and there was a system of tribal adults meeting to decide things. Tuoba GUI, the fifth emperor of Wei Dao, broke Hou Yan. In the first year of the emperor (396), he imitated Wei Jinli's calligraphy desk and set up thirty-six Cao. The Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty inherited the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the minister's power was heavier. In the Western Wei Dynasty, Yu Wentai was in power. The organization of Datai is slightly similar to that of Shangshu Province, and its positions are servant shooting, Shangshu, Cheng and Lang. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of the Zhou Dynasty. In the first year of Huang Kai (58 1), Shangshu Province was restored and became the highest administrative institution in China. In the Tang Dynasty, the Sui system was also the juxtaposition of three provinces (Shangshu, Menxia and Zhongshu). Shangshu saved all troubles and was a confluence institution of state administration. In the late Tang Dynasty, Shangshu Province existed in name only. At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, the organizational system of Shangshu Province was formally retained, but the power did not belong to it, and the Langguan did not handle affairs, so there was no other way to use power to distribute Lu ranks. The system of Shangshu Province exists in name only. Liao, Jin and Shangshu provinces, similar to the Song system. After the Yuan Dynasty, Shangshu Province was abolished.
The organizational system of Shangshu Province was finalized in the Sui Dynasty. Shangshu is named after the Ministry, and Langguan is named after the Ministry. There are six departments, including official department, ritual department, war department, criminal department, civil affairs department and industry department, and 24 departments, including official department and Lord.
Shangshu received one person, two products, and the official management code.
The left and right servants each shot one person, from the second product, and took charge of six officials. For the second order, it is always convenient to make mistakes, and it is illegal to correct improper suggestions.
Zuo Cheng, a fourth grade student; You become one person, four products below. Defend the documents of the six officials and correct those who illegally adopt suggestions in the province. The official department, the household department and the ritual department are always left; The Ministry of War, the Ministry of Punishment and the Ministry of Industry are always right. One card shark in each of the five products; One yuan for each foreigner, from six products.
Six people for everything, from seven products; There are six people in charge, from eight grades. The official examination is the same as the main book of the Ministry of Rites. In charge of all departments, from do. Book history 18, book history 36, pavilion 6, palm 14.
Prince washing horse
Han Shugong said: The subordinate officials of Prince Taifu and Shaofu all have officials who wash horses. Yan Shigu quoted Zhang Qian as saying: "There are sixteen people who wash horses, and their ranks are higher than those who praise them." It is also quoted as a note: "The predecessor" Guoyu "said: Gou Jian is the first horse in Fuxi, or wash it first. Later generations called it washing horses. " Wash the horse "means to get ahead of the horse and be the prince's attendant." In the Liang Dynasty, horse washing belonged to the Canon Bureau. The Sui and Tang Dynasties set up a horse washing office in the Ministry of Economic Relations and Trade, and it was not until the Qing Dynasty that they became officials in charge of books. In the Qing Dynasty, there were 65,438 +0 people in Manchu, who came from five grades.
In "Chen Qingbiao", Shi Biao said, "In addition to the ministers, wash the horses.
The prince who washed the horse is the prince of Fuzheng.
Teach the prince politics, art and science.
Xi (Xian) Maguan
Guanju 3 pin
Zhongshu Shen
Official name. Scheeren began in the pre-Qin period, and was originally a monarch and a prince closely related to officials. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, he built a book in Zhongshu Province, and informed Scheeren that he sent a message. In the Southern Dynasties, in addition to the word "general affairs", it was called "Zhongshu Sheren", who was ordered to draft imperial edicts and participate in secret discussions, and his power became increasingly powerful. The people who wrote letters with the Tang Dynasty and Zhongshu were in charge of the letters in Zhongshu Province, and most of them were scribes. When Yang-ti was emperor, it was renamed as the Sheren of Neishu, and Wu Zetian called the Sheren of Fengge. Scheeren for short. This official was also appointed in the early Song Dynasty, but he did not take office. In addition, he also made an imperial edict and went directly to Scheeren's hospital to draft letters. After the restructuring, Yuanfeng is still in charge. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was a China calligrapher in the China Calligraphy Department of the Cabinet. His job was just to write documents, which was incomparable with the previous generation. "New Tang book. Records of 100 Officials II: [Book] Six people, in the fifth grade. Play hand in hand and participate in the chapter. All the imperial edicts, imperial edicts, imperial edicts are intended to be included in the painting. "
Don't drive in this state
Don't drive.
Official name. In the Han dynasty, he set up a special driver, engaged in history, and was called a special driver in the province, which was the assistant minister of the state secretariat. The secretariat does not take a post car when patrolling, hence the name. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, the states had different driving modes, such as the Han system, which had heavy power. Sui and Tang Dynasties changed to a long history. After the middle Tang Dynasty, the states remained the same, with a long history and light authority. Song changed to Zhou Tongguan, with the same responsibilities, because being another driver is also called Tongguan.
Yuan Shaozhuan in the Later Han Dynasty: "Shao Sui led his herd to Jizhou ... and took Jushou as another driver." Jin's "Answer to Guo Xun's Book": "Don't drive away, don't take old classics and secretariat, those who publicize in Wan Li are semi-secretariat, and Anke is inhuman." Song Shu "Baiguan Record": "Baiguan Secretariat" belongs to a person who has a history of driving differently and works in Baiguan Secretariat. "
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