Tropical storm "rammasun" No.5 in 2002 was generated in the east of the Philippines on June 29th14th, and moved to the northwest and gradually strengthened. /kloc-0 intensified into a severe tropical storm at 02: 00 on July, and intensified into a typhoon at 02: 00 on July 2, and continued to intensify. By 02: 00 on July 3, the typhoon center pressure was 940 hectopascals, and the center wind force was 65438+. On July 4th, 1 1 reached latitude 27.2, longitude 124. 1, and then began to turn, basically going north along longitude 124. At 02: 00 on July 5, when the sea surface about 250 kilometers east of Shanghai went northward, the central air pressure was 960 hectopascals and the central wind force was 40 meters per second. The radius of the 7-level gale still reached 500 kilometers, and the radius of the 10 gale reached 200 kilometers. Shanghai is in the range of typhoon level 7 gale. The typhoon turned north-northeast after crossing 32 degrees north latitude, crossed the Korean peninsula on July 6, and finally weakened and disappeared at 20 o'clock on July 6.
The moving path and speed of the typhoon are relatively stable. In the early stage of the typhoon, the moving speed in low latitudes was slow, and it accelerated near the north latitude 18 degrees, with the fastest moving speed of 26 km/h; The typhoon started at 20 degrees north latitude, and its moving speed remained stable at18-20km/h. At the peak of the typhoon, the central air pressure was 940 hectopascals, which lasted for 39 hours. At 5 o'clock on July 5th, the lowest pressure measured in Gao Qiao was 986.2 hectopascals. The typhoon generated in late June reached an intensity rare in history. The typhoon has a high wind speed, with a central wind speed of 50m/s, which is higher than 12. Typhoon magnitude 7 gale radius is 580km, and magnitude 10 gale radius is 250km. Due to the large radius of the 7-level gale, the coastal areas are obviously affected by the gale. On July 4th, there was a strong wind of 12 along the south-central coast of Zhejiang Province, and a strong wind of 7 was blown at Shanghai Gaoqiao Station from July 4th 10 to July 5th/2 10, lasting for 32 hours, with the maximum wind speed of 27.4m/s ... The impact of Typhoon rammasun on the water regime in Shanghai: due to the northward influence of Typhoon rammasun, winds and winds appeared in Shanghai. Due to the astronomical low tide, the Huangpu River tide level is not high, which makes the loss of Typhoon rammasun to Shanghai relatively reduced. Rainfall: Affected by the typhoon, it began to rain in Shanghai around 1 1 on July 4th and ended around 2 1 on July 5th. The rainfall process of this typhoon lasted for a long time, up to 34 hours. However, due to the small rainfall intensity, the total rainfall is not large, and the rainfall and rainfall intensity are less than those during Typhoon prapiroon. The rainfall center is located near Sanjiang Road Bridge in the urban area. The maximum rainfall of a single station is 76 mm at Sanjiang Road and Bridge in Xuhui District, with rainfall above 50 mm in most areas along the Yangtze River and coastal areas, and less in western Shanghai. Storm surge: The storm surge caused by this typhoon is very obvious. Take the tidal level of Huangpu Park in Huangpu River as an example. At 07: 00 on July 4, the typhoon was about 600 kilometers away from Shanghai. At this time, the central air pressure of the typhoon is 940 hectopascals, the central wind speed is 50 meters per second, and the radius of the 7-level gale is 580 kilometers. There is a 6-7 easterly wind at Gaoqiao Station in the Yangtze River estuary. The measured high tide in Huangpu Park is 3.48 meters, and the high tide increases water by 0.83 meters. Storm surge is very obvious. With the further northward movement of the typhoon, the distance between the typhoon center and Shanghai is getting closer and closer. Both the coastal areas of Shanghai and the Yangtze River estuary are within the range of typhoon level 7 gale. The air pressure measured by the station is getting lower and lower, and the storm surge is getting bigger and bigger. The maximum water increase in the process is 1.7 1 m, and the climax in the afternoon of July 4th 1. 165438+. In fact, after the typhoon crossed 29.3 degrees north latitude, Huangpu Park experienced a severe storm surge of more than 1 meter.
Tropical storm "Senlake" No.6 16 in 2002 was generated in the central Pacific Ocean on August 29th 14, that is, north latitude 18.3 degrees and east longitude 155.3 degrees. It is located in the south of the subtropical high, and under the guidance of the easterly airflow, it moves steadily to the west, and its intensity gradually increases. It intensified into a severe tropical storm at 08: 00 on August 30th and a typhoon at 08: 00 on March1day. When the typhoon formed, the central air pressure was 970 hectopascals, the wind force near the center 12, and the radius of the 7-level wind circle reached 350 kilometers. With the gradual westward movement of the typhoon, from the night of September 4th to the morning of September 5th, the typhoon center crossed Iwo Jima and entered the southern part of the East China Sea, which began to affect China. During the impact, the central air pressure was 960 hectopascals, the central wind force exceeded 12, and the radius of the 7-level wind circle remained at 350 kilometers. The winds in Fujian, Zhejiang and other coastal areas in East China have gradually strengthened, and our city has also begun to be affected by typhoons. The wind force in the Yangtze River estuary has reached 4-5, and is further strengthened. After the typhoon entered the East China Sea, on the morning of September 5-7, due to the weakening of the typhoon diversion flow, its moving speed slowed down and turned to the south. From 20: 00 on September 5 to 08: 00 on September 6, it moved southward along the meridian of 125 for about one latitude, and then moved to the west-northwest direction, which increased the influence time of the typhoon. From 08: 00 on September 7, the typhoon accelerated slightly and landed in Cangnan County, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province at around 8: 30 on September 7/KLOC-0. When landing, the central air pressure is 960 hectopascals, and the central wind force is greater than 12. After landing, the intensity of typhoon gradually weakened, and gradually turned into low pressure after 20: 00 on September 8. Wind power, air pressure and precipitation in this city during typhoon:
This typhoon was the biggest typhoon that affected China in 2002. When landing in Zhejiang, the central air pressure was 960 hectopascals, and the measured wind force reached 12. In some areas of Zhejiang Province, there was a torrential rain of more than 400 mm. As a result, the wind in the Yangtze River estuary gradually increased from September 5, and on September 6, 7 and 8, a northerly wind of magnitude 6-7 appeared in Waigaoqiao for three consecutive days. 5-6 northerly winds have also appeared in Luchao Port and Jinshanzui Station along the coast. Because it is far from the typhoon center, the air pressure in this city has not changed much, and it is basically maintained above 1007 hectopascals; Because the cloud system around the typhoon is not very developed, the city is on the edge of the cloud system, so there is no heavy rain, only sporadic rain in some areas. Characteristics of water regime during the typhoon: During the typhoon, this city is in the seventh astronomical tide since the flood season, and it is also the largest astronomical tide in this city this year. On September 6, 7, 8 and 9, the astronomical component of Huangpu Park Station in this city reached 3.89, 4. 13, 4.27 and 4.29 meters respectively, and the astronomical component of Wusong Station in the lower reaches of Huangpu River reached 4.66 meters respectively. Affected by the typhoon, since September 5, there has been a continuous storm surge along the Yangtze River and coastal areas in this city. Among them, Wusong in the lower reaches of Huangpu River experienced four tidal levels from September 5 to 9, with the highest tidal level at 00: 15 on September 8, reaching 5.53m, the third highest tidal level in history, and the maximum storm surge reached 0.96m from September 6 to September 9. There were six tidal levels in Huangpu Park Station, and it was 0 1: 00 on September 8. At 03: 10 on September 8th, the second highest water level in history was 4.17m. Heavy storm surges occurred along the coasts of Waigaoqiao, Luchaogang and Jinshanzui, with Waigaoqiao having the fourth highest tide in history.
Tropical Storm No.7 in 2004 was generated in the east of the Philippines on June 23rd14th, and moved westward. It intensified into a severe tropical storm on June 24 14 and continued to move westward. On June 27th, it strengthened into a typhoon, turned to the northeast and continued to strengthen. When the typhoon was at its strongest on June 29th, the central air pressure was 940 hectopascals and the central wind speed was 50m/s. After entering the east longitude/KOOC-0/22 degrees, the typhoon turned to the north, made landfall in Hualien, Taiwan on July/KOOC-0/day/KOOC-0/0: 30, passed through the northern part of Taiwan Province Province on July 2, and continued to move northward. The typhoon weakened into a severe tropical storm. At 9: 30 on July 3, the center landed in huanghua town, Yueqing, Zhejiang, and continued northward along the coastline of Zhejiang, then turned northeast via Zhoushan Sea. At 20 o'clock, the tropical storm center has reached the sea surface 80 kilometers east of Shanghai, namely 3 1.3 degrees north latitude and 0/22.4 degrees east longitude, with a central pressure of 987 hectopascals. The maximum wind force near the center is 9, and the wind force is 8 at about 250 kilometers away from the center. It moves to the north-north direction at a speed of 30 kilometers per hour and gradually leaves Shanghai, weakening to 8 at 8 o'clock. When the typhoon is in the sea area near Shanghai, the wind force at Shanghai Waigaoqiao Hydrological Station is 7-8, and the wind force at the Yangtze River estuary is 9- 10. In addition, the development of this typhoon is unstable. Typhoon Dandelion is weakening into a tropical storm. As it continued northward through Shanghai, the central pressure began to rise again, rising from 990 hectopascals at 2 o'clock on July 4 to 983 hectopascals at 14 on July 4, and then gradually decreasing, which was rare in historical typhoons. Affected by this, Shanghai Huangpu River and many coastal stations have the highest tide level since 2002, generally exceeding the warning tide level. Among them, Waigaoqiao Station in the Yangtze River Estuary was 0 1 the highest tidal level was 5.02m on the 4th, which was 0.12m beyond the warning line (4.90m); Wusongkou Station reached 5.00 meters on July 4th 1: 05, which was 4.80 meters 0.2 meters beyond the warning line. At 0 1: 55 on July 4th, the highest tide level at Huangpu Park Station in the central city was 4.73m, and the ultra-warning tide level was 0.18m (4.55m). Mishidu in the upper reaches of Huangpu River. At the same time, due to the influence of tropical storm heavy rainfall clouds, there was widespread heavy rain in Shanghai on the 3 rd, and heavy rain occurred locally. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in the northern part of the city, and the rainfall in the southern part is relatively small. Among them, Jiading, Baoshan, Chongming, Pudong New Area and other places have seen rainstorms of more than 50 mm, and individual stations have seen rainstorms of 129. 1 mm. The rainfall in the central city is relatively small, with the maximum rainfall of 37 mm in Yangpu District and more than 20 mm in other areas. Although Typhoon Dandelion weakened into a strong tropical storm after passing through Taiwan Province Province, it continued to weaken into a tropical storm on 3 July 16, but the typhoon remained strong. Affected by typhoon Dandelion's northward peripheral cloud system, the wind force at Shanghai Waigaoqiao Hydrological Station reached 8-9, which coincided with the flood season of Huangpu River. Therefore, after the comprehensive test of wind, rain and tide in Shanghai, the highest tidal level exceeds. Rain: At 20: 00 on July 3rd, the tropical storm center reached the sea surface 80km east of Shanghai, namely 3 1.3 degrees north latitude and 0/22.4 degrees east longitude, with a central pressure of 987 hectopascals. The maximum wind force near the center is 9, and the wind force is 8 about 250 kilometers away from the center, causing heavy rain in the city. At this time, the typhoon cloud system is very asymmetric, so the rainfall is not good The rainstorm is mainly concentrated in the north of Shanghai, with a relatively small amount in the south. The rainstorm in Jiading, Baoshan, Chongming and Pudong New Area is more than 50 mm, and the rainstorm in Chongming's new station is 129. 1 mm. The rainfall in the central city is relatively small, with the maximum rainfall of 37 mm in Yangpu District and more than 20 mm in other areas. Storm surge: Typhoon Dandelion has a very obvious influence on the tidal level of Huangpu River in Shanghai. In the early morning of July 4, the highest tide level in the past two years appeared along the Huangpu River and many stations along the coast in Shanghai, which generally exceeded the warning tide level. Among them, Waigaoqiao Station in the Yangtze River Estuary is 0 1 the highest tidal level is 5.02m, and the over-warning water level is 0.12m; The water level at Wusongkou Station reached 5.00 meters at 1: 05 on the morning of the 4th, which exceeded the warning water level by 4.80 meters and 0.2 meters. At Huangpu Park Station in the downtown area at 0 1: 55 on the 4th, the highest tide level of 4.73m appeared, which was 4.55m 0.18m higher than the warning tide level.
Typhoon Mai Sha No.9 in 2005 landed in Yuhuan, Zhejiang at 3: 40 am on August 6, 2005. When landing, the air pressure in the center is 950 hectopascals, the maximum wind force near the center is greater than 12, the radius of 10 wind circle is 200 kilometers, and the radius of 7-level wind circle is 600 kilometers. After landing, the typhoon moved to the northwest, crossed the territory of Zhejiang Province and entered Anhui, and continued to move to the north-northwest direction, and its intensity gradually weakened. Due to the strong intensity of Typhoon Mai Sha and the large gale radius of magnitude 7, Shanghai has been in the gale radius of magnitude 7 for a long time, and it is located deep in the right half of the cloud system in the direction of typhoon movement for a long time, and the impact of typhoon is particularly serious. At the same time, it encountered the fifth astronomical tide in the flood season, so astronomical tide, storm surge and rainstorm met three times, which led to the climax of Mishidu and Maogang Station in Dabang Port in the upper reaches of Huangpu River. The main hydrological conditions during Mai Sha's influence on Shanghai are summarized as follows: long-term easterly gale: due to the influence of typhoon, on August 5 12, a 6-level easterly and northeast wind began to blow at Gaoqiao Station in the Yangtze River estuary, lasting for 42 hours; At 2 o'clock on August 6, the wind increased to level 8, and the level 8- 10 gale lasted for 25 hours, with the maximum gust of 26.6 m/s; The maximum gust of Luchao Port in Hangzhou Bay is 30.5m/s, and the urban wind force is also 7-9. The impact of the typhoon's wind force is obvious. High tide level: Affected by astronomical tide and typhoon storm surge, the Huangpu River has a high tide level exceeding the warning water level for the first time this year. In the early morning of August 6th, there was a climax of 4.65m at Huangpu Park Station, 4.92m at Wusong Station and 4.02m at Mishidu Station. In the early morning of August 7, Huangpu Park Station experienced a 4.94-meter high tide, with an over-alert water level of 0.37 meters. Wusong high tide level is 5.03 meters, and the super warning water level is 0.28 meters; There was a high tide of 4.38m at Mishidu, and the warning water level was 0.88m, setting a new historical record, which was 0. 1 1 m higher than the original record of 4.27m.. Due to the heavy rain in Shanghai and local heavy rain, the upper reaches of Huangpu River and urban rivers have high tide levels. In the early morning of August 7th, Maogang Station in Damaogang also set a new historical record of 4.22 meters, 0.02 meters higher than the original historical record, and Zhujing Station in Digging Stone Port also reached a climax of 4.08 meters. Heavy rain: As Shanghai has been shrouded in typhoon clouds for a long time, it began to rain on August 5, with moderate to heavy rain and heavy rain in some areas. On the 5th, the biggest rainfall occurred in Baozhen, Chongming County, with a daily rainfall of 100.4 mm. On August 6th, there was a general rainstorm to a heavy rainstorm in Shanghai, with some heavy rains. According to preliminary statistics, from 8: 00 on August 6 to 7: 00 on August 7, there was heavy rain in the central city, and heavy rain in Putuo and Xuhui. The rainfall in Putuo District is as high as 2 16mm, and the cumulative rainfall in Xuhui District is 20 1mm, and the cumulative rainfall in most areas is between 150-200. The rainfall in most areas outside the central city is between 100-200mm, the cumulative rainfall in Nanhui Zhou Pu is 203mm, the cumulative rainfall in Yundongmen of Baoshan District is 194.5mm, the cumulative rainfall in Yang Si of Pudong New Area is19/kloc, and the cumulative rainfall in Jinshan District is19/kloc. The rainfall brought by Typhoon Mai Sha is between 200 and 300 at most stations.
There is too much information to provide completely.
Preventive suggestions:
1. The water conservancy department should inspect the water conservancy facilities such as reservoirs, ponds and dikes before the typhoon comes.
2. The urban inland river management office should vacate enough water level to prevent the inland river from skyrocketing and overflowing the river banks.
3 high water level operation of the reservoir, should strictly control the water level according to the information.
4. Preventive measures should be taken in low-lying areas.
5. The municipal department should remove the garbage from sewers and manholes, so that rainwater can flow in better.
6. The government should evacuate the fish raft farmers along the coast and let the sailing ships return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind.
7. The meteorological department should update the typhoon situation in time and inform the public.