Refers to the commercial pedestrian street covered with glass ceiling, which is the originator of modern large-scale shopping malls.

The arcade street, which combines advanced architecture and prosperous commercial display, has become one of the most important sights in Paris in the19th century.

The rise of arcade is accompanied by the modernization of Paris.

The emergence of arcade benefited from two social conditions: first, the prosperity of textiles and trade; Second, steel began to be used in construction.

Undoubtedly, with the fierce industrial revolution and rapid economic development, handicrafts and commerce have flourished unprecedentedly. Historical processes such as industrialization, urbanization, secularization, civil society, nationalism, etc. are all gushing in this land.

From 65438 to 0789, the French Revolution broke out. After the Great Revolution, Napoleon carried out new expansion work in Paris, built the Arc de Triomphe in Paris and the north and south wings of the Louvre, renovated the banks of the Seine, dredged the river, and built a large number of classical palaces, buildings and apartments.

1889, the Eiffel Tower was built to commemorate the centenary of the French Revolution and welcome the Paris World Expo. In order to welcome the 1900 World Expo, the Paris Metro, the Grand Palace and the Small Palace were built.

In the19th century, Paris became the most modern place in the world.

Baudelaire described Paris in the19th century.

In the glorious period, there were more than 100 arcades, which provided opportunities for Parisians to shop, party and dine in rainy days.

The department store in the arcade, the mink coat in the window, the chat in the roadside cafe, the galleries, the artists, the Bohemians performing arts by the roadside, and the smoke billowing in the casino ... this scene has become the most proud urban life in Paris for a time.

Arcade street is the condensation of Paris modernity.

/kloc-in the 0/9th century, countless intellectuals turned their attention to the study of modernity: Durkheim focused on social division of labor and organic solidarity; Marx paid attention to commodity economy, private ownership and class struggle; Weber focuses on rationalization and the analysis of religious spirit; Zimmel collected modern fragments about fashion, urban life and so on.

Benjamin, known as "the last scholar in Europe", found a place for the modern myth of modernity in the19th century-Paris arcade.

Benjamin thinks that the arcade is a city and a wonder of modern society, and has launched the "arcade plan" which has aroused widespread concern.

In the arcade project, Benjamin "brought the montage principle into history ... from the smallest ... elements to build a big structure."

From arcades, streets, the city itself and its ruins, to the public, as a crowd, as a consumer, as a revolutionary public;

From arcades, commodities, commodities in world exhibition halls, to the new look of commodities in fashion and advertising;

From the imagination in panoramas, photos, mirrors and plane paintings to lights, houses and their various traces;

From prodigal son, slacker, gambler and prostitute to Fourier, Saint-Simon, Hugo and Marx.

One of the most interesting explanations is the rogue.

With the prosperity of arcade, loitering has become a fashion. Under the unique social background, a unique group of people-loiterers has emerged.

Wandering people are different from those who go shopping today, and they are also different from those who wander the streets at will.

Although they are in the arcade, they look at the city center with strange and critical eyes.

On the one hand, it is a dazzling array of luxury goods, and a lot of lights and illusions confuse people; On the one hand, poverty and numbness come from traditions that cannot adapt to modern society.

The prosperity of the arcade exposed the age fracture of the city center. The indifference and concern shown by vagrants is a true portrayal of ordinary people facing social changes and the gap between the rich and the poor under the tension of old and new lifestyles.

/kloc-After the mid-9th century, the number of arcades gradually decreased. On the one hand, the city planner Osman began to rectify the appearance of Paris; On the other hand, it is more important because the enemy can't compete with the increasingly developed business center.

Today, although the remaining arcades have been reorganized, we can still get a glimpse of the glory of the past. Paris arcade still attracts all kinds of people to feel the "tremor" and strong historical and artistic atmosphere of this old-fashioned shopping.