The rise and fall of the seventh grade history of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.
Learning objective 1. Knowledge and skills: understand the basic historical facts of the establishment and replacement of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and a brief introduction to the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
2. Process and method: group cooperation and exploration, and initially cultivate the ability to observe historical process, analyze historical events and sort out historical development clues by using historical materialism.
3. Emotion, attitude and values: Knowing that slave society replaced primitive society and that China is an ancient civilization in the world is a historical progress and inspires patriotic enthusiasm.
The establishment of Xia Dynasty and the enfeoffment system of Western Zhou Dynasty.
Difficulties: understanding the Western Zhou Dynasty enfeoffment system; It is a historical progress that slave society replaced primitive society. Preview before class 1. The rise and fall of Xia dynasty
1. The founder of the Xia Dynasty was the center of its rule. It was in a harmonious area, with its capital, and it lasted for 400 years and died.
2. The establishment of Xia Dynasty marked the early appearance of China. Since then, the "public world" has become a "home world", and the system has replaced the abdication system.
3. The state institution in Xia Dynasty was a tool for the class to oppress civilians and slaves, so its nature was the state.
Second, Shang Tang destroyed the summer and King Wu attacked the Tang Dynasty.
Shang dynasty was established when the founder was in office.
The Shang Dynasty moved the capital several times, and it was not until it moved to Yin that the capital stabilized. Later generations also called Shang Dynasty dynasty.
6. The year before last, Zhou Jun destroyed the business through the campaign, and Zhou Wuwang made the capital of Zhou Dynasty. The time of its extinction is.
7. The warring parties in Mu Ye War are:
8. Important Ministers:
9. The king of subjugation in Xia Dynasty was a famous tyrant in history. (See P 18: Jay takes people as mounts)
Thirdly, the enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
10, the Western Zhou Dynasty adopted the system to consolidate the rule.
Cooperative investigation
1, the phenomenon of "home is the world" began in the Xia Dynasty and widely existed in Chinese and foreign history in later generations. Can you give one or two examples? (use your head)
2. Why did Shang Tang destroy the summer and cut the week? (P20 Use your head)
3. Look at the map of P2 1: the situation map at the beginning of the week, and find out the positions of the vassal states.
4. Look at P2 1: Western Zhou Dynasty Grade Diagram (enfeoffment system) and mark the identities of all grades (P22 activities and inquiries 2)
Standard evaluation
First, multiple choice questions
1. In the following contents, it indicates that hereditary system has replaced China's abdication system ().
? A. Yu Chuan's throne was given to Boyi B. Yu Chuanzi lives in the world.
C. Shun passed the throne to Yu Ding, and Qi defeated the You Hu family.
? 2. Shang Dynasty was called Yin Dynasty by later generations. In the following events, related to this is ()
? A. Shang Tang conquered Xia B. Battle of Makino C. Pan Geng moved the capital D. Conquest Week.
? As the saying goes, "Jiang Taigong fishes, who wants to take the bait?" The wise monarch that Jiang Shang expected was ().
? A. Huangdi B. Xia Qi C. Shang Tang D. Zhou Wenwang
? 4. "Where there is oppression, there is resistance." The historical event that proves this sentence correct is ()
? A. China riots B. Hereditary system replaces abdication system
? C. implement the enfeoffment system? D. Pan Geng moved the capital
? 5. The tyrant dies and the monarch prospers. According to this standard, one of the following four people is obviously different from the other three ().
Shang Tang? B. Shang and Zhou C. Zhou Wenwang? Zhou Wuwang
Second, reading judgment (see the end of this page)
? Consolidation and promotion
1, reading materials:
Material one? Xia Jie said, "If one day in the sky, there will be people in my country. Is there a day? When I die, I die. "
Material 2? Shang Zhou said, "Alas, I have a life!"
Please answer:
? (1) Xia Jie compared his rule to being as long as the sun, while Shang Zhou said that he would be blessed by heaven, and no one could overthrow their rule. Are they right? If not, please explain it with specific historical facts.
? A:No. In fact, Xia Jie and Shang Zhou were quickly overthrown. )
(2) What was the reason why Xia Jie and Shang Zhou were finally overthrown?
? A: Xia Jie has built many luxurious palaces and expropriated people endlessly, forcing them to serve hard labor. He lost the hearts of the people by drinking and having fun day and night. The Shang and Zhou dynasties built luxurious palaces and gardens, enjoyed them to the fullest, and used torture such as branding, which made social contradictions sharp. )
(3) Please talk about the profound truth contained in the two materials.
(A: Those who win the hearts of the people win the world, and those who lose the hearts of the people lose the world; More help, less help; If you get a sage, you will be prosperous; If you lose a sage, you will die. Born in sorrow, died in happiness and so on. (As long as it makes sense, the expression need not be limited to the above words. )
2. Fill in the table below to explain the establishment and replacement of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.
dynasty
clotting time
constructors
capital
Historical position
summer
About 2070 BC
The first slavery dynasty in Chinese history
business
The first dynasty in China history confirmed by unearthed characters.
Western Zhou Dynasty
Our country has an exact date.
3. Tabulation: simply make a chronology of events in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, including three important years, events and important people (refer to the chronology of events in P 126) (P22 activities and exploration 2).
The Rise and Fall of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties: Seven Grade History Teaching Plan: Fan.
Teaching objectives
basic knowledge
Memorizing requires students to understand the brief situation of the feudal system implemented by the rulers of the Western Zhou Dynasty to consolidate their rule, and to master the basic historical ability of the replacement of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Training and training
process
Observe and analyze the historical process from the establishment of Xia Dynasty to the demise of Western Zhou Dynasty, and ask the students to summarize. Summarize and refine the basic knowledge points involved in this lesson (from the establishment of Xia Dynasty to the demise of Western Zhou Dynasty), and compare clan tribes with slave countries, which is progress? The expanding territory of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou was the reason why Shang Tang defeated Xia and conquered Zhou. Combing the basic historical clues, feelings and attitudes of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
China is one of the earliest countries to enter the slave society in the world, and it is a famous ancient civilization. The dialectical view that slave society replaced primitive society is both progressive and cruel, with the establishment of Xia Dynasty and the enfeoffment system of Western Zhou Dynasty as the teaching focus.
Difficulties in teaching: the enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty
teaching process
Introduce a new course
Review question: If you want to know the history of the disintegration of primitive society, which site and which legend can you get reliable historical materials from? (Dawenkou, Yu Jianxia Dynasty) Introduce a new lesson in combination with pre-class prompts.
Guiding the Transition: The establishment of Xia Dynasty marked the emergence of China's early state. From then on, China entered the slave society and experienced many major changes in Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn.
Organize students to study and explore new courses.
First, the rise and fall of the Xia Dynasty
Instruct students to read 20 pages of "literature" and "thinking": the phenomenon of "home in the world" began in the Xia Dynasty and has been widely existed in Chinese and foreign history since then. Can you give some examples? Students discuss in groups, and the teacher orders food as needed.
Guide students to read the "text" and "text" on page 2 1, look at the illustrations and discuss: can it be compared with Yu? Where is the performance? (Can't compare, because he practices tyranny)
It is pointed out that when people rose up against Jie's tyranny, the Xia Dynasty ended.
Second, Shang Tang destroyed the summer and King Wu attacked the Tang Dynasty.
Guide students to read "text" and "reading words" on page 2 1, observe the illustration of "treating people like mounts" on page 2 1, the data column of Historical Records on page 2 1, and the battle of Makino on page 23. Use your head (page 23): Shang Tang's Xia suppression and King Wu's attack. Their opponents are dying. Under the resistance of civilians and slaves, the rule of Xia Jie and Shang and Zhou Dynasties was already crumbling.
The rise and fall of the seventh grade history in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
I. Knowledge and ability
Through the study of this lesson, students can systematically understand the basic historical facts of the replacement of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the brief situation of the feudal system implemented by the rulers of the Western Zhou Dynasty to consolidate their rule, laying a foundation for further understanding the economic and cultural development of slavery in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties in China.
Second, the process and methods
By studying the process of establishing the slave country in Xia Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty by King Wu of Tang Dynasty, we can cultivate students' ability to observe the historical process, analyze historical events and sort out historical development clues from the perspective of historical materialism.
Third, feelings, attitudes and values.
Through the study and discussion of this lesson, let students understand and apply dialectical materialism. Make students realize that the replacement of primitive society by slave society is a major social change and progress in human history; It also recognizes the cruelty of slave owners oppressing and exploiting the slave class. Secondly, we know that China is one of the earliest countries in the world to enter the slave society, and it is a world-famous ancient civilization.
Important and difficult
The establishment and extinction of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties constitute the main clue of this lesson. This lesson first briefly narrates the historical facts about the establishment of China's first slave country-Xia Dynasty, the extinction of Taoism in Tang Dynasty and the establishment of Shang Dynasty around 2070 BC. Secondly, after Pan Geng moved to Yin, the territory of Shang Dynasty continued to expand, and the extravagance and cruelty of Shang Dynasty conquered and established the Western Zhou Dynasty. Finally, it describes the feudal system implemented by the rulers in the early Zhou Dynasty to consolidate the slavery regime and the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
There are two points in this class. One is the establishment of the Xia Dynasty. First of all, because the Xia Dynasty was the first country established in the history of China, it was also a major change in the relations of production in the history of China. Secondly, because of the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, it shows that China is one of the earliest countries in the world to enter the slave society, and it is a world-famous ancient civilization. The second is the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The key point is that both of them are important systems in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which played a role in expanding territory and consolidating rule, and also had great influence on later generations.
The enfeoffment system is also the difficulty of this course. Especially without introducing patriarchal clan system, it is more difficult for students to understand the content of enfeoffment system. teach
get through
Cheng introduced a new lesson:
I believe many students have heard the legend of Houyi shooting the sun, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. The legendary Chang 'e and Hou Yi are famous figures in Xia Dynasty. China entered the slave society in the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC, and Xia Dynasty was the first slave country in Chinese history. The whole period of slave society in China includes Xia, Shang and Western Zhou. In this lesson, we will learn the history of the rise and fall of Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.
Teach a new lesson
I. The Rise and Fall of the Xia Dynasty (about 2070 BC-BC 1600 BC)
1, Establishment and Succession of Slavery Countries in Xia Dynasty
Students will explain after reading the book. )
Eq oac(○, 1) What was the symbol of China's early state? (Established in Xia Dynasty)
Eq oac(○, 2) Where is the capital and center of Xia Dynasty? (1) Yangcheng; Western Henan and southwestern Shanxi)
Show the schematic diagram of the ruling area of Xia Dynasty, so that students can intuitively understand the ruling area of Xia Dynasty. )
Eq oac(○, 3) What state machines were established in Xia Dynasty?
Castles and palaces have been built, government agencies have been established, troops have been formed, criminal laws have been formulated, and prisons have been established. )
Eq oac(○, 4) What was the essence of the slavery state system in Xia Dynasty?
The state institutions in Xia Dynasty were tools for slave owners to oppress civilians and slaves. )
In the last unit, we learned about primitive society. Primitive society has no class, no teaching process, no exploitation and oppression, and no country. In the later period of primitive society, with the development of productive forces, the emergence of private property, the polarization between the rich and the poor intensified, and the society was increasingly divided into two opposing social groups-the slave owner class and the slave class. In order to prevent the slave class from rebelling, slave owners began to set up military, police, courts, prisons and other violent organs. In this case, the slave country was born.
At the end of primitive society, Yu established the Xia Dynasty. In the old age, according to the traditional abdication system, the successor is recommended in advance. Soon, Yu's heir died. Yu also recommended Boyi of Dongyi as his successor. However, Yu did not give Boyi real power, so that Boyi could not get exercise and could not establish prestige among the masses. Instead, the real power was handed over to his son Qi, and his cronies also mastered a lot of power. After Yu's death, according to the past tradition, Boyi hid in another place to show humility and let the clan and tribe decide who would inherit him. Because Boyi's prestige and power were not as good as Qi's, Qi easily inherited Yu's throne. Boyi led Dongyi's army, defeated Kai's army, captured Kai and imprisoned him. Soon, Kay escaped again, reorganized his team and fought back against Boyi. Finally, Kay captured and killed Boyi and inherited his father's position. Since then, the hereditary system of the throne has replaced the abdication system, and the "public world" has become the "home world".
Here we should clarify four concepts, namely, hereditary system, abdication system, public world and family world.
Ask questions:
Eq oac(○, 1) What is hereditary system?
("Hereditary system" refers to the system followed by emperors in past dynasties, which generally consists of two points: one is the death of the father, and the other is the death of the younger brother. In other words, after the father dies, his position is generally inherited by his son. If the reigning king has no descendants, his brother will inherit the throne. )
Eq oac(○, 2) What is abdication system?
) a method of democratic election of tribal alliance leaders in the late primitive society. A candidate must have two conditions: virtue and talent. )
Eq oac(○, 3) What does it mean to "contribute to the world"?
("Gongtianxia" refers to the primitive society, because there is no class exploitation and oppression, no polarization between the rich and the poor, everyone is equal, * * * works together, * * * consumes together, and is regarded as an ideal society by later Confucian scholars. )
Eq oac(○, 4) What does "home is the world" mean?
("Home is the world" means that after entering the class society, the original world is public and the world is private, monopoly power appears, and hereditary system replaces abdication system. )
Is it social progress or retrogression for China to develop from clan and tribe in primitive society to slave country? Tell me what you think.
It is the progress of society. Because although there is no distinction between rich and poor in primitive society, it is based on the extremely low level of productivity development, the people's living standards are extremely low, the quality of life is very poor, and cultural development is extremely slow. Only slavery can make a greater division of labor between agriculture and handicrafts possible, thus creating the necessary conditions for the improvement of productivity and the development and prosperity of culture. )
The first slavery dynasty in China's history lasted more than 400 years. Let's look at the rule of Xia Jie, the last tyrant in Xia Dynasty.
2. The last tyrant Xia Jie.
Guide students to summarize the atrocities in Xia Jie.
Eq oac(○, 1) Xia Jie has built many luxurious palaces;
Eq oac(○, 2) evaporates people endlessly, forcing people to take hard labor;
Eq oac(○, 3) drinks all day;
Let's take a look at the book "Jay uses people as mounts" and think about it. What does this picture mean? Xia Jie's brutal rule led to the decline of Xia Dynasty. So, how did the Xia Dynasty perish? Let's learn the second content, "Shang Tang's Xia suppression and King Wu's attack".
Second, Shang Tang destroyed the summer and King Wu attacked the Tang Dynasty.
Just when Xia Jie lost the popular support, the merchant countries in the lower Yellow River gradually became stronger because the monarch Shang Tang was good at appointing sages and caring for the people. About 1600 BC, Shang Tang defeated Xia Jie, the Xia Dynasty perished and the Shang Dynasty was established.
Students can learn the story that Shang Tang is good at appointing sages and caring for the people through the description of the text.
Shang Dynasty, the second dynasty in China history, is also called Yin Dynasty. Do you know why? Next, let's take a look at "Pan Geng moved to Yin".
1, Pan Geng moved to Yin.
Before Pan Geng, due to floods, the capital of Shang Dynasty moved five times. Think about it, will a country's capital flow around and prosper?
When Pan Geng ascended the throne, the political chaos was still very serious and the class struggle became increasingly fierce. In order to stabilize the political situation, save the political crisis and ease class contradictions, Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin in the 4th century BC/KLOC-0. After moving the capital, the political situation of Shang Dynasty gradually stabilized, and the ruling area continued to expand, becoming a big country in the world at that time. Yin, the capital of Shang Dynasty, also became the center of national political, economic and cultural development, so later generations called Shang Dynasty Yin Dynasty.
After Pan Geng moved to Yin, the Shang Dynasty flourished. At the end of Shang Dynasty, during the reign of Shang Zhouwang, various social contradictions reached a very sharp level, which eventually led to the demise of Shang Dynasty.
Articles related to the rise and fall of Xia, Shang and Zhou religious plans;
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2. Five excellent model essays on the rise and fall of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
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4. People's Education Edition Seventh Grade History Teaching Plan
5. The first volume of the seventh grade history is a complete teaching plan
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7. Questions and answers of Xia, Shang and Zhou Society and State in the first volume of history.
8. History teaching design under the seventh grade of PEP.
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10. The seventh grade history knowledge and ability training Volume I Answers People's Education Edition