When it comes to housing prices, we should start with welfare housing distribution, which is a unique form of housing distribution in the planned economy era. It took more than 30 years from 1963 to 1999. At that time, the housing allocation standard was mainly based on non-economic factors such as length of service, factory age and family structure. How many people earned blushes and thick necks for welfare housing distribution, how many people had to give gifts and leave, and how many people finally got the house by lottery. At that time, the house was a place where the family lived and had no economic attributes.
The earliest house price data was in 198 1 year. At that time, the price of commercial housing in Ruian, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province was 68.85 yuan/square meter, and each set was 2,600 yuan. This price seems close to the people, but it takes a month to buy a square meter, and it is still in a small county.
In the following years, there was no record of house price data. 1In July 1988, the first land auction and mortgage loan in China, Dong Xiao Garden, a truly complete commercial housing community, was completed in Shenzhen at a price of 1600 yuan/square meter.
According to official statistics, the concept of house price is a national house price statistics that only appeared in 1987. At that time, the sales area of commercial housing was 26.97 million square meters, which was not enough to meet the housing needs of hundreds of thousands of people. What was the national average house price that year? 408 yuan per square meter. It doesn't look high, but it is unbearable compared with the income of residents at that time.
1989, 15 On February 5th, Beijing publicly sold 350 sets of commercial houses built in prime locations for the first time, with a maximum price of 2,000 yuan per square meter, but only 250 sets were kept. I can't help it, it's still too expensive.
In the early 1990s, the development of Hainan promoted the prosperity of the real estate market. At that time, Hainan became a paradise for gold diggers. Many people went for gold, and many enterprises also sent people to Hainan to open stores. At that time, the house price in the center of Shanghai rose to 6000 yuan/square meter, but with the first real estate regulation in 1993, the real estate bubbles in Hainan and Beihai burst. The bubble burst effect spread throughout the country. From 65438 to 0994, the house price in the center of Shanghai fell to 3000 yuan/square meter, and the market was in a depression.
Until 1998, it was a watershed in the short real estate history of New China. From 65438 to 0998, the State Council issued the "Notice on Further Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction", demanding that welfare housing distribution be stopped on July 30 of that year, and housing should be fully commercialized. 1999 the State Council issued the "Implementation Plan for Further Deepening the Reform of the Housing System for Units of Central and State Organs in Beijing", stipulating that units of Central and State organs in Beijing should "stop the physical distribution of housing and gradually monetize the housing distribution; Establish and improve a multi-level urban housing supply system based on affordable housing. " Subsequently, the attempt of enterprise welfare housing distribution was also stopped.
That is, at 1998, the unit price of house price jumped to 2000 yuan. I remember 1998, the second-hand house near Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing was 2 100 yuan/square meter. At that time, there were few commercial houses and the loan conditions were very harsh. Generally, people who have to be demolished at home can buy a house.
1999, Haidian Shuiqingmu Garden Community is still under construction, and the opening pre-sale price starts from 4,900 yuan. Looking back now, after the marketization of real estate, house prices should rise sharply. But in fact, it didn't. From 1998 to 2000, the house price remained unchanged or even decreased slightly. I think many people will regret why they didn't keep up with the policy. Of course, the three-year stagnation of housing prices should be related to the financial crisis in Southeast Asia at that time.
By 200 1 -2003, house prices still gave many people enough opportunities and rose slightly. However, at that time, there was the sound of a real estate bubble in the market.
Since 2004, house prices have started to rise wildly, and those who want to fall no longer have a chance. The national average house price unit price has jumped over the barriers of 3,000 yuan, 4,000 yuan, 5,000 yuan and 6,000 yuan successively, and soared 18.7% in 2004. The first regulation began in 2005, and in March and May, the old and new "National Eight Articles" were introduced to regulate housing prices for the first time. In September, CBRC document 2 12 tightened the real estate trust. Although many projects take the initiative to sell houses at reduced prices, house prices generally continue to rise.
In 2006, the "70/90" policy was promulgated, and the "National Six Articles" called for the development of low-and medium-priced ordinary commodity housing, affordable housing and low-rent housing. On the same day, "Article 15 of the State" was promulgated, stipulating that the housing below 90 square meters must account for more than 70% of the total project area, that is, the "70/90 policy". However, house prices continue to rise, the increase is relatively stable, and small and medium-sized units have increased.
In 2007, A-share bull market rose 16.9% year-on-year. In September 2007, the Notice on Strengthening the Credit Management of Commercial Real Estate was officially issued, and it was frequently mentioned later. 27 new mortgage policy ". This year, the price of the property market soared, and land kings appeared frequently.
In 2008, there was an inflection point of 10 in China property market, and the volume and price fell together. Therefore, in the second half of the year, macro-control turned, the management launched a large-scale policy to stimulate consumption in the property market, and other financial policies were loosened across the board. The government began to relax the second home loan, relaxed the individual to buy two sets of ordinary self-occupied housing loans, and greatly reduced the business tax on housing transfer. 65438+February 2 1 General Office of the State Council issued "China 13" to support real estate development enterprises to actively respond to market changes.
In 2009, under the large-scale economic stimulus policy, house prices rose by 22.4% year-on-year, a record high, and the property market picked up. 10 year10.24, the "Policies and Measures to Promote the Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market" was promulgated, and the period of collection and exemption of business tax on individual housing transfer was restored from 2 years to 5 years. In the short term, the transaction volume of second-hand houses will decline, and the market will recover after the 20 10 Spring Festival.
20 10 countries have stepped up regulation. In June 65438+1October 10, the State Council issued the document 1 1, requiring the down payment of the second home loan to be no less than 40%. On April 6th, 5438+5, the State Council requested that the down payment of the loan should not be less than 50% and the loan interest rate should not be less than 1. 1 times of the benchmark interest rate. /kloc-in April of 0/7, article 10 of People's Republic of China (PRC) was promulgated. In areas where commodity housing prices are too high, rising too fast and supply is tight, commercial banks may suspend the issuance of loans for the purchase of third and above houses according to the risk situation. Local purchase restriction policies have been introduced one after another, and property taxes have been piloted in Shanghai and Chongqing. This is called the strictest real estate control policy in history, but high-priced land kings are constantly emerging, and house prices soared after March.
20 1 1 the down payment on the second home loan was increased, and the "New Eight Articles" announced that the down payment ratio of the second home loan was raised to 60%, and the loan interest rate was raised to 1. 1 times the benchmark interest rate. Shanghai and Chongqing officially implemented property tax. But house prices continue to rise. In 20 12, we began to crack down on small property houses, and many ministries repeatedly stressed the need to adhere to real estate regulation. In February, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that it was necessary to speed up the collection of real estate tax and expand the scope of the pilot. The Ministry of Land and Resources issued a new land supervision policy to crack down on small property houses. However, housing prices in first-tier cities continue to rise.
On February 20 13, the Five Articles of New China were promulgated, which not only reiterated the adherence to the control policy of restricting purchases and loans as the core, but also resolutely cracked down on speculative investment in house purchase. After 20 1 1, all localities are required to announce the annual housing price control target. In March, the State Council issued the Notice on Further Improving the Regulation of the Real Estate Market, and the personal income tax on second-hand housing transactions was adjusted from 65,438+0% of the total transaction amount to 20% of the difference. In the second half of the year, developers have to exchange prices for quantities, and house prices are growing slowly.
In 20 14 years, the purchase restriction policies in various places gradually loosened. On September 30th, the central bank issued a new mortgage policy. For families who own 1 house and have settled the corresponding housing loan, when buying a second house, they can follow the first home loan policy. Compared with the previous credit number identification policy, this policy relaxed the identification of the first, second and multiple sets. After the introduction of the New Deal, the property market across the country ushered in a short transaction peak, and house prices stagnated.
2065438+March 2005, the central bank, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued a document, which reduced the down payment for second homes nationwide to 40%; The Ministry of Finance has informed that the period for individuals to buy ordinary houses will be shortened from five years to two years. All localities have liberalized the provident fund policy, and the central bank has cut interest rates three times so far, and the national housing prices have shown a trend of differentiation.
(The above answers were published on 20 15-09- 10. Please refer to the current actual purchase policy. )
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