First, born noble, born noble temperament.

"Historical records volume 84? "Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng" Qu Yuan's name is Ping and Chu's surname is also. " ⑤ Justice says: "Qu, Jing and Zhao are all Chu people. "Thus, the surname Qu is the most popular surname in Chu, and it is a noble and prominent family, which is naturally more noble and arrogant. This is explained in detail in Guo Weisen's Biography of Qu Yuan, which I think is very appropriate. Wang Yiyun: "The surnames of Chu kings are all the same. If you have children, you will condescend to be Qing, because you think of the people. "It tells us the origin of Qu's surname, and further illustrates the prominent birth of Qu's noble family and Qu Yuan. Such a prominent family, such a noble lineage, must have lofty aspirations and a sense of mission from the heart, and all landowners are doomed to a tragic fate from the source. Because you stand tall, you can see far; Because of his innate responsibility, he has no choice but to devote his life to the country. But sadly, time is running out, and his pride and nobility are bound to be the fate of failure and tragedy.

Second, being in a high position is a natural political responsibility.

"Chu Huaiwang's left disciple." It shows that Qu Yuan's official position is very high. As the saying goes, "seeking politics in office", he is "knowledgeable, knowledgeable, knowledgeable in dealing with chaos, and skillful in rhetoric." It can be said that people with great talents have extraordinary abilities, so they "enter the DPRK to discuss state affairs and give orders; When you go out, you will meet distinguished guests and interact with princes. " This makes "Wang is very kind". From this perspective, Qu Yuan is not only in a high position because of his prominent birth, but also because he is well-informed and knowledgeable, and he can manage state affairs internally and solve problems for the king of Chu externally. We can be immune to the outside world, do a good job in Chu's diplomatic relations, and make Chu prosperous at home and abroad. It is this high degree of dedication and dedication that has brought endless disasters to it. As the saying goes, "companions are like tigers" and "master Gao Zhen", coupled with the strong jealousy of adulterers and villains, I'm afraid life will be very difficult. Attending doctor. In ancient society, there were many cases in which honest and talented people were injured by treacherous villains. As the saying goes, "Advice is unpleasant to the ear, but good medicine tastes bitter." As a monarch, how can you listen to harsh voices? Which monarch can dare to listen to advice and satirize the king of Qi as Qi Weiwang did in Zou Ji? But as a courtier, it is his duty to share the worries for the king and solve problems for the people. Fan Zhongyan in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote in "Yueyang Tower" that "living in the temple and worrying about the people, living in the rivers and lakes and worrying about the husband". No courtiers loyal to the country can "not be happy with things, not sad for themselves", and can really stay out of it and be at ease.

Third, if you go straight on the right path, you will inevitably be vilified.

In the ancient society of China, the officialdom was very disciplined, in other words, it was difficult to gain a foothold in the officialdom, which was discussed in detail in Wang Haixing's On the Inevitability of Qu Yuan's Tragedy from "Three Contradictions" and Du Fu's On the Inevitability of Qu Yuan's Tragedy. Qu Yuan was born in a noble family, and his ability was extraordinary, but he was unwilling or even disdainful of kowtowing, unwilling to go against his inner flattery and bully his superiors. The so-called "mud is not stained, ripples are clear and there is no demon." However, as we all know, "the tree wants to be quiet but the wind will not stop", sometimes it is "the tree wants to be quiet but the wind will not stop". Although Qu Yuan "served the monarch wholeheartedly with loyalty and wisdom", he was "loyal" because he was greedy for the interests of others. This is not to criticize Qu Yuan for his inexperience, but to point out that society and officialdom are extremely dangerous. A just and upright person will not be hindered by personal friendship and will not compromise to keep his position. Therefore, Qu Yuan grieved that "evil songs are harmful to many people, and Fang Zhengzhi can't tolerate them", and then "trapped in the Ming Dynasty, you don't listen". The ancients said, "To be an official, do things as an official. "It can be seen that the ancients had a lot of research on being an official and doing things. Qu Yuan's life is impeccable, but his way of doing things is also debatable.

Fourth, everyone is drunk and the world is gloomy.

Qu Yuan's tragic behavior is not only reflected in subjective aspects, but also has a considerable number of external reasons. On the one hand, it is because the villains have extraordinary origins and superior abilities, and they have been framed by jealousy, that is, "Shangguan doctors are also in the same column, vying for favor and hurting their abilities." It can be seen that the villain framed him because of his inner imbalance and wanted to "compete for favor", which led to "hurting his ability." On the other hand, it is the suspicion, distrust and exile of the king of Chu. According to Historical Records, Chu Huaiwang was not only ignorant, but also extremely fatuous. When he met such a bad king and a talented person who was loyal to the king and served his country, tragedy was bound to happen. Chu Huaiwang trusted Zhang Yi's promise, broke up with Qi, and was later cheated. As for the later imprisonment with Qin, it can be seen that the fate of the bad king is also appropriate, that is, "Huai Wang didn't know the difference between loyalty and ministers, so he blamed it internally, bullied Zhang Yi externally and sacrificed Qu Yuan's trust in doctors Shangguan and Ling", but it also deepened Qu Yuan's sadness. Loyalty and patriotism of the ancients were inseparable, even seamless, so Qu Yuan could not be indifferent to this change. On the contrary, it will become more and more sad because of the sense of political responsibility, and will inevitably be angry at Zilan and Dr. Shangguan in thought and speech, and will inevitably be tortured and framed, with a tragic ending. It can be seen that there are a group of vicious villains around Qu Yuan, who are jealous of talents and misleading people with lies, and even the fatuous king of Chu, who is short-sighted, complacent and headstrong, so the tragedy will inevitably come. It can be said that this is also a major cause of Qu Yuan's tragedy.

Fifth, save the nation from extinction and resolutely die in Miluo.

The true scholar-officials have the noble integrity of "preferring death to surrender", so when their ideals are shattered, they have to die for their country. This is also objectively analyzed in Mao Qing's Qu Yuan and China Culture and National Spirit, and the author thinks that the analysis is correct. Just like "the whole world is cloudy and I am alone, and the whole world is drunk and I am alone, so I put it down." It can be seen that Qu Yuan has an unusually clear understanding of his tragic fate. He clearly knows that he can't turn the tide, but his heart is unwilling. However, the reality is cruel after all, and the hearts of some villains must be vicious. When all his fantasies and hopes are shattered and he doesn't want to "go with the flow", he can only "prefer to go to a regular flow, be buried in the belly of a river fish, and be warmed by the world with the vastness of white!" Cao Jin has unique views on the personality tragedies of Qu Yuan and Sima Qian. It can be seen that Qu Yuan is also a wise man. He would rather die than mix in the muddy water and defile his reputation. It can be described as true temperament, unpretentious, and worth writing today.

Then, as future generations, we have changed how to treat Qu Yuan's tragic fate objectively. Some people after Qu Yuan think that Qu Yuan's loyalty to the monarch and patriotism is "foolish loyalty" and a pedantic and stubborn behavior. Because in the Spring and Autumn Period, scholars can travel around the world to find their own stage, including Shang Yang, Zhang Yi and Su Qin. But I don't think so: on the one hand, to evaluate Qu Yuan, we must adhere to the viewpoint of historical materialism, put him in a specific historical environment, and restore his social background and living conditions. Qu Yuan was born in the troubled times of the Warring States, with noble birth and high status. It is impossible for him not to share his worries and solve problems for Chu and the king of Chu. On the other hand, Qu Yuan's patriotism is the true embodiment of "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", which is related to Sima Qian's description. They have almost the same life situation, except that Sima Qian lived in the world for his ideal, but his inner anguish and melancholy really hurt to the bone marrow.

In a word, the most important thing about Qu Yuan's tragedy is not that he jumped into the Miluo River, but his helplessness and hesitation that he was discredited because of his faith and loyalty. Qu Yuan was born in his duty, which made him dare not neglect his country. He must have exhausted his loyalty and wisdom, but jealousy and frame-up from outside made him unable to move. This is a huge contradiction between ideal and reality, and in the end, the cruel reality swallowed up Qu Yuan's beliefs and ideals a little bit, making all his ambitions and ambitions floating in the wind a painful experience. But Qu Yuan chose to die when he was desperate, instead of being world-weary and indifferent to the world. It can be seen that when the ideal conflicts with reality, he chooses to stay away from the noise in his arms. Therefore, it is more tragic than tragic!