Problem description:

Guanzhong people, customs, etc.

Analysis:

Guanzhong baiguai

In the embrace of the Qinling Mountains and the Loess Plateau, there is an ancient and magical plain, where the land is fertile, the products are rich, the climate is favorable, and the drought and flood guarantee the harvest. It is more than 0/00 km wide from north to south and 400 km long from east to west. Eight hundred Li is called Qinchuan, and this is Guanzhong.

History can be traced back to 5000 years ago, when Emperor Yan and Huangdi started the greatest beginning of the Chinese nation. King Wu cut the Zhou Dynasty here and established the Zhou Dynasty; The first emperor swept Liuhe and established the Qin Dynasty here. Chu and Han fought for hegemony and established the Han Dynasty here. The flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty pushed Chinese civilization to the highest peak in the world. Every inch of land here is condensed with heavy historical accumulation and a lot of magic and mystery.

Drinking in a big bowl is not cheating.

Objectively speaking, Guanzhong people's drinking capacity is not outstanding. The east is not as good as Henan people, and the north is not as good as northern Shaanxi people and Mongolian ancients. Even compared with Hanzhong people in the south, Guanzhong people may not be able to take advantage. But because Guanzhong people are honest and frank, they are not good at words. So, he drinks whatever you say. You dare to say that each person 10 glass may not be finished at all, but as long as you keep your voice, 10 glass of wine will be poured into his stomach. However, Guanzhong people will not tolerate your cheating and playing tricks on him, although you may have no malice. This has happened to me. Several hard-working villages in Guanzhong visited and studied somewhere in the south and were warmly received. When drinking, you pushed me and let me, and finally decided to propose a toast to everyone. Guanzhong people didn't say anything, but their necks leaned back and they all bottomed out. I had a glib talk with some local guests, and with their glib talk, I actually occupied Li Er. Guanzhong man can't stand this cowardly spirit. He took a sip of the bottle, then turned around, pulled the local people up from their chairs, pressed them to the ground, and forced them to drink, which scared several hosts' faces. Therefore, drinking with Guanzhong people is best not to violate the gentleman's agreement.

There are food stalls on the roadside.

People who have been to Xi 'an will never forget Xi 'an's snacks, especially the night market. During the day, the road is bright and there is nothing. At night, there will be hundreds of food stalls, and the wide roads are crowded with small lights, which merge into an ocean of lights. There are mainly water fish, melon seeds, noodles, jiaozi, oil noodles, buckwheat noodles and other Guanzhong snacks in the night market, together with various snacks in Guanzhong, forming two camps of the night market. The night market is cheap and affordable, with a strong local flavor, which has a strong main attraction for both foreign guests and Xi citizens. Even the young people who talk about it regard eating night markets as an indispensable part of love. Except Xi 'an, almost all towns and places in Guanzhong have night markets. Become a food culture with obvious regional characteristics. In fact, long before the appearance of city night, the night market in rural areas of Guanzhong has a history of thousands of years, but in different ways. At present, the oldest form of night market is still used in rural Guanzhong, that is, women and men who work in the fields under the stage during the day become the owners of food stalls for festivals and funerals, but the varieties are nothing more than oil cakes, fermented grains and twists, although the varieties are few and simple, very fresh. The location of stalls is generally crowded, which often hinders the flow of people and adds a lively atmosphere. In retrospect, this is the source of the most authentic Guanzhong night market.

Everyone has buried his reputation.

Due to the profound historical and cultural accumulation, Guanzhong is rich in cultural relics, and there are also many wizards and experts buried. For example, in my hometown of hua county, there is a calligrapher named Wu, who has never been known by anyone in his decades of life. People around him only know that he can write. When I was a child, I was catching up with the Cultural Revolution. Holding a lime bucket in one hand and a brush in the other, he wrote slogans along the wall. We followed him to the bucket and played on the playground. Nobody can imagine how high his writing level is. Until the end of the Cultural Revolution, several great calligraphers in a city's calligraphy and painting collection came across a painting by Wu Lao, entitled "Building the Capital Construction of Farmland Water Conservancy", and were immediately impressed by the exquisite calligraphy art with extremely high fingering. Several experts made a special trip to Shaanxi and Wu's hometown, eager to get a kind of calligraphy ink that avoids political tendencies and make it a permanent collection of the museum. Unfortunately, Wu Lao refused to write. Later, someone showed Wu Lao's ink at the book fair, and the result was the best. Even many first-class calligraphers lamented themselves in this way. Unfortunately, Wu will never know how high his level is, just as the blind man will never know that his "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" will become a swan song. There are countless masters like Guanzhong. When you go to live in the countryside, you may meet painters, doctors, craftsmen, literary historians, Shaanxi opera singers and so on at any time. Their level is often beyond people's expectation. It's perfect to describe Guan Zhong with outstanding people and wizards.

Four squares in Jiayuan town

Farming is like gardening.

Guanzhong people's carefulness in farming and carelessness in life just formed a strong contrast. Come to Guanzhong, stand at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, commanding, and you can see the land of Qinchuan, which is endless and flat as a mirror. All roads, all ridges, cut the fertile land in order. This is of course related to the ingenuity of nature, but it is inseparable from the meticulous trimming of generations of Guanzhong people. Agricultural work in Guanzhong area is generally busy only in summer and autumn, and people are more at leisure all winter. Guanzhong people are not good at going out to do business, so they put almost all their energy and thoughts on farmland. When leveling the land, they carefully made it. When plowing, they don't even need a plow. They felt that the land was not easy to cultivate, so they plowed it shovel by shovel. After ploughing, they applied base fertilizer and then ridged with ropes, just like flower beds, which are very suitable for crop growth. After sowing the seeds, they are also very serious about the growth management of crops, whether it is watering, fertilizing or seedling grafting, everything is meticulous. Over time, they not only know every inch of land like the back of their hands, but also know almost every crop they grow like the back of their hands.

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A brief introduction to Guan Zhong

Shaanxi has been called Sanqin since the Han Dynasty. When the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty destroyed the Qin Dynasty, he divided the Qin Dynasty into three parts and became the fiefs of three kings with different surnames. This is the earliest origin of Sanqin appellation, but now Sanqin appellation has jumped away from this concept.

From the map, there is a belt that divides Shaanxi into three parts from the middle, with northern Shaanxi in the north and southern Shaanxi in the south. The middle area is Guanzhong Road, which is 800 miles long and crowded with people.

When Guanzhong Road is cut off, the differences of three languages and customs are broken. Northern Shaanxi is adjacent to Shanxi and Gansu, and its language and customs are somewhat the same as those of these two provinces. There are many examples in Xintianyou, such as "Shandandan is full of flowers". The voice in northern Shaanxi has a strong nasal sound, but there are some sliding sounds at the end, which sounds like singing letters.

Southern Shaanxi borders Sichuan and Henan, and the language in southern Shaanxi has become a mixed voice of Shaanxi, Henan and Sichuan provinces, so almost all people in southern Shaanxi think they are from Henan or Sichuan. The customs is also far from Guanzhong Road.

Guanzhong people used to call their fellow villagers "township parties", but they never regarded people from these two places as township parties. Among the appellations of Guanzhong people, the one in northern Shaanxi is "Northern Mountain Wolf" and the one in southern Shaanxi is "Nanshan Monkey". Although these two appellations have some derogatory elements, they also appropriately express the character and living environment of the people in these two places.

In Shaanxi, no matter what disaster happens, except those who rarely make a living, only people in Guanzhong have not gone out to escape. People from northern Shaanxi go to Xikou, people from southern Shaanxi go to Tongguan to dig coal, and only Guanzhong people are guarding their homes.

This has a lot to do with the terrain in Guanzhong. Guanzhong Road-There is no big river in Ma Pingchuan, so there is no flood. But the river is just enough to irrigate the land, so there is no drought. Although Guanzhong Road is geographically located at the junction of the Loess Plateau plate and Weibei Plain plate, it is a frequent earthquake site, but God loves Guanzhong. These two plates are probably the most stable plates in the world. Since historical records, there was a great earthquake in the Ming Dynasty, which moved the Weihe River to the north by two meters. It has been stable before and after. When the earthquake as big as Tangshan affected Guanzhong Road, it just shook my grandmother on the loom twice.

Guanzhong passers-by are not good at doing business, which is related to the fertile land in Guanzhong Road.

The land in Guanzhong Road is also made of loess, but the loess in Guanzhong Road is much stronger than that in northern Shaanxi. The yellow dust blown from the desert falls in northern Shaanxi, and the small one falls in Guanzhong Road, because the wind becomes smaller. The loess in southern Shaanxi is thin, because the Qinling Mountains prevent the loess from drifting. Therefore, there are many loess in northern Shaanxi, but crops are difficult to grow. One reason is that there is too much loess accumulation, and the groundwater is deeply buried under the loess, so there is less irrigation and more loss.

The land in Guanzhong Road is precious. Go to the edge of the ground, grab the loess, squeeze it hard, open your palm and see, your hand looks like wet flour.

Guanzhong Road is fertile, so I broke a wicker to water it. When I went to see it in a few days, it slowly grew new green leaves. This is an exaggeration, but the fertility of the land is true.

Such fertile land determines that in the long-term agricultural society in the past, the Taoist priests in Guanzhong can have plenty of food and clothing without running around, so they are more kind, less ruthless and less refined, so the Taoist priests in Guanzhong, who suffer from these people, also call the people in these two places "northern wolves and southern monkeys".

The fertility of the land determines that Guanzhong Road has become a big granary in the west, and it has also become the target of victims in disaster years in various provinces. Sichuan is also a granary, but the high Qinling Mountains block the two soft legs of the hungry victims. After entering Tongguan, Guanzhong Road is a Ma Pingchuan, so it is easy for victims to enter Guanzhong.

These victims did not leave after years of disasters. The right one should be the right son-in-law, and the one who marries Guanzhong should be the daughter-in-law, and gradually become proud of Guanzhong. Guanzhong people are more tolerant and kind because they accept these victims all the year round. Don't despise or despise these outsiders.

These kind people are often used by some wicked people. They are idle and don't like to work, so they pretend to be beggars. They lied to the old ladies in Guanzhong with runny noses and tears. Those kind-hearted old people cried like tears and were in a hurry to go home. They just took out some big white steamed buns for him. If it's a dinner party, it goes without saying that they called the guy home and became a guest. In several provinces bordering Shaanxi, there is not a province where people don't know the prosperity of Guanzhong, and there is not a province where people are not loved by Guanzhong.

Has an indissoluble bond with Guanzhong. These gypsies in China wander all the year round because of their mother river. Where there are people from China, there are people from Henan. In the world, apart from Henan Province, the largest number of Henan people are Guanzhong Road. There is a novel called "The Yellow River flows eastward", which describes the process when the Yellow River burst and Henan people fled to Guanzhong.

However, mainlanders rarely escape from the desert. Everyone in Shanxi, Gansu and Ningxia knows that Guanzhong Road has good land, more wheat and less labor. During the busy farming season every year, a large number of people walk eastward along the ancient Silk Road, which is now magnificent, with sickles hanging on their shoulders, empty tobacco bags pinned to their waists and empty sacks on their backs. When I got home, except for the short sickle, everything was empty and solid. Of course, there was more money in my pocket. Guanzhong people are used to adding a guest word after someone's occupation to address this person. One is the title, and the other is to directly point out the person's occupation. For example, cooking is called "Shao Shao" and tofu is called "Tofu Guest". These people who come to Guanzhong to collect wheat are called "Mike" by Guanzhong people.

Every June in the solar calendar, Guanzhong Road is crowded with these customers selling wheat. Generally, these wheat customers cut in the easternmost part of Guanzhong Road and go west, because the wheat in Guanzhong Road is cooked from east to west. These wheat customers have been cut to the west of Guanzhong Road, and the wheat in Guanzhong Road has also been cut, which is very close to their home. So they picked up the sickle, looked enviously at the rich Guanzhong, counted the money in their pockets, and went back with the sickle. Often, Mike comes more and fewer people go back, because there are fewer people in Guanzhong Road. The lean young Mike is recruited as a long-term worker by some employers who have more land and no labor at home, or he marries a beautiful daughter and makes him his half son. Of course, he will open the door. There are eight monsters in Guanzhong, one of which is "women don't keep out". Failure to hold on does not mean not marrying a foreigner, but staying in Guanzhong Road. Who wants to leave such fertile land? These Mike people have enriched themselves after helping the Taoist priests in Guanzhong. It also left many stories for Guanzhong Road. People in Guanzhong Road say that we will know the world without going out!

Since ancient times, people around Guanzhong have been the beneficiaries of Guanzhong people. Guanzhong people are too lazy to go out when they see this. "Wife doll is a hot kang" is the highest pursuit of most people in Guanzhong.

Until 1980s, China was transforming from an agricultural society to an industrial society, and the talents in Guanzhong really lagged behind the people of the whole country. The biggest reason for this backwardness is that Guanzhong Road has been well-fed for a long time. After a long period of food and clothing, people will be lazy and enterprising. There is a saying in Guanzhong that "a golden nest is not as good as one's own kennel", which is the embodiment of this idea.

Guanzhong people can't get out. They miss their wives, children, their father and mother in a month, their cows and their land. They really want to go home. Those who work outside would rather quit their jobs for a few months and go straight to their own hot kang.

Therefore, today's Guanzhong people are not worried about food and clothing, but they are very poor. However, in recent years, great changes have taken place in the thoughts of Taoist priests in Guanzhong, turning most of the previous pure agriculture into cash crops, planting a large number of apple trees and gradually gaining some living money. However, it is still around your own land, and there is not much promise.

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Eight eccentrics in Guanzhong

In fact, when it comes to Guan Zhong, there is no need to say anything superfluous. As long as the eight eccentrics are sorted out, the customs of Guanzhong will be obvious.

1. Wife and father put it on their heads.

It turns out that Shaanxi is rich in cotton, and locals are used to wearing handkerchiefs made of cotton on their heads. It has seven functions: it can be used to prevent wind, dust, rain and sun, and it can also be used to wipe sweat and hands and wrap things, which is both economical and affordable.

2. Every house is half covered and half covered.

What is a semi-cover? Generally, the roofs of houses are herringbone, but the houses in Shaanxi are only a fraction of herringbone. It is said that because of the drought and lack of rain in Shaanxi, such a house can let all the precious rain flow to its own fields, which is the so-called "rich water does not flow to outsiders."

3. Sit on the bench and squat.

It is said that Guanzhong men have an "old bowl party" with three meals a day, and this squat is more than an hour.

Noodles are as wide as belts.

5. The pot helmet is too big to match the pot cover.

6. A dish with spicy oil.

People in the northwest are rougher, which can be seen from the diet alone. Among the eight eccentrics, "the face is as wide as a belt", "the pot helmet is as big as a pot cover" and "spicy food" are a summary of a special image.

7. Qin cavity is roaring.

8. Big girls are not open to the public

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About Guanzhong customs, you can also come here to have a look ~

Shaanxi /sx_into/sqcf/index